1. 安裝Mariadb

安裝命令

yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server

安裝完成MariaDB，首先啟動MariaDB

systemctl start mariadb

設置開機啟動

systemctl enable mariadb

MariaDB的相關簡單配置

此命令進入到配置相關界面

mysql_secure_installation

首先是設置密碼，會提示先輸入密碼

Enter current password for root (enter for none):<–初次運行直接回車

設置密碼

Set root password? [Y/n] <– 是否設置root用戶密碼，輸入y并回車或直接回車
New password: <– 設置root用戶的密碼
Re-enter new password: <– 再輸入一次你設置的密碼

其他配置

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] <– 是否刪除匿名用戶，回車
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] <–是否禁止root遠程登錄,回車,
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] <– 是否刪除test數據庫，回車
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] <– 是否重新加載權限表，回車

mariadb字符集配置(重點)

文件/etc/my.cnf配置

命令

vi /etc/my.cnf

此處直接給出完整的文件，自己對照[mysqld]標簽下的不同

# Example MariaDB config file for very large systems. # # This is for a large system with memory of 1G-2G where the system runs mainly # MariaDB. # # MariaDB programs look for option files in a set of # locations which depend on the deployment platform. # You can copy this option file to one of those # locations. For information about these locations, do: # 'my_print_defaults --help' and see what is printed under # Default options are read from the following files in the given order: # More information at: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html # # In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports. # If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program # with the "--help" option.# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients [client] #password = your_password port = 3306 socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock# Here follows entries for some specific programs# The MySQL server [mysqld] port = 3306 socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock skip-external-locking key_buffer_size = 384M max_allowed_packet = 1M table_open_cache = 512 sort_buffer_size = 2M read_buffer_size = 2M read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M thread_cache_size = 8 query_cache_size = 32M lower_case_table_names = 1 sql_mode= default-storage-engine = innodb innodb_file_per_table max_connections = 4096 collation-server = utf8_general_ci character-set-server = utf8# Try number of CPU's*2 for thread_concurrency thread_concurrency = 8# Point the following paths to a dedicated disk #tmpdir = /tmp/# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement, # if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host. # All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes. # Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows # (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless! # #skip-networking# Replication Master Server (default) # binary logging is required for replication log-bin=mysql-bin# required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1 # defaults to 1 if master-host is not set # but will not function as a master if omitted server-id = 1# Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this) # # To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between # two methods : # # 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) - # the syntax is: # # CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=<host>, MASTER_PORT=<port>, # MASTER_USER=<user>, MASTER_PASSWORD=<password> ; # # where you replace <host>, <user>, <password> by quoted strings and # <port> by the master's port number (3306 by default). # # Example: # # CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306, # MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret'; # # OR # # 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then # start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example # if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to # connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later # change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and # overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown # the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server. # For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched # (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above) # # required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1 # (and different from the master) # defaults to 2 if master-host is set # but will not function as a slave if omitted #server-id = 2 # # The replication master for this slave - required #master-host = <hostname> # # The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting # to the master - required #master-user = <username> # # The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to # the master - required #master-password = <password> # # The port the master is listening on. # optional - defaults to 3306 #master-port = <port> # # binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended #log-bin=mysql-bin # # binary logging format - mixed recommended #binlog_format=mixed# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables #innodb_data_home_dir = /var/lib/mysql #innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:2000M;ibdata2:10M:autoextend #innodb_log_group_home_dir = /var/lib/mysql # You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 % # of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high #innodb_buffer_pool_size = 384M #innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 20M # Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size #innodb_log_file_size = 100M #innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M #innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 #innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50[mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 16M[mysql] no-auto-rehash # Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL #safe-updates[myisamchk] key_buffer_size = 256M sort_buffer_size = 256M read_buffer = 2M write_buffer = 2M[mysqlhotcopy] interactive-timeout

文件/etc/my.cnf.d/client.cnf

vi /etc/my.cnf.d/client.cnf

在[client]中添加

default-character-set=utf8

文件/etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf

vi /etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf

在[mysql]中添加

default-character-set=utf8

全部配置完成，重啟mariadb

systemctl restart mariadb

如果重啟不成功，在日志文件里查看錯誤信息

cd var/log/mariadb

這個目錄下有mariadb日志文件，騰訊云和本地的文件名稱不一樣，但都在這個目錄下，自己去看

MariaDB查看字符集

show variables like "%character%"

配置好的結果如下

3、添加用戶，設置權限

創建用戶命令

mysql>create user username@localhost identified by 'password';

直接創建用戶并授權的命令

mysql>grant all on . to username@localhost indentified by 'password';

授予外網登陸權限

mysql>grant all privileges on . to username@'%' identified by 'password';

授予權限并且可以授權

mysql>grant all privileges on . to username@'hostname' identified by 'password' with grant option;

總結

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