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HALCON示例程序check_blister_mixed.hedv药品胶囊缺陷检测

發(fā)布時間：2023/12/10 编程问答 43 豆豆

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HALCON示例程序check_blister_mixed.hedv藥品膠囊缺陷檢測

示例程序源碼（加注釋）

讀入圖片與顯示相關設置
dev_close_window ()
read_image (Image, ‘blister/blister_mixed_reference’)
dev_open_window_fit_image (Image, 0, 0, -1, -1, WindowHandle)
set_display_font (WindowHandle, 14, ‘mono’, ‘true’, ‘false’)
dev_update_off ()
dev_display (Image)
dev_set_draw (‘margin’)
首先提取每個膠囊
disp_message (WindowHandle, ‘Train gmm classifier on pill types’, ‘window’, -1, -1, ‘black’, ‘true’)
注意注意敲黑板，劃重點。下邊的這個函數是halcon函數的封裝，里邊代碼有好多。內容是上一篇文章介紹過，大同小異，所以不理解的話看一下上一篇例子。下邊的代碼塊是extract_pill_types里邊的內容。
extract_pill_types (Image, Chambers, ChambersUnion, Classes, PhiRef, RowRef, ColumnRef, PillTypeCount)

threshold (Image, Region, 90, 255) connection (Region, ConnectedRegions) select_shape (ConnectedRegions, SelectedRegions, 'area', 'and', 5000, 999999) shape_trans (SelectedRegions, Blister, 'convex') gen_empty_region (Chambers) for I := 0 to 4 by 1Row := 107 + I * 70for J := 0 to 2 by 1Column := 177 + J * 150gen_rectangle2 (Rectangle, Row, Column, 0, 64, 30)concat_obj (Chambers, Rectangle, Chambers)endfor endfor difference (Blister, Chambers, Pattern) union1 (Chambers, ChambersUnion) orientation_region (Blister, PhiRef) PhiRef := rad(180) + PhiRef area_center (Blister, Area, RowRef, ColumnRef)* +++ Extract pattern for classification +++ select_shape (Chambers, PillType1, 'row', 'and', 1, 145) union1 (PillType1, PillType1) select_shape (Chambers, PillType2, 'row', 'and', 145, 270) union1 (PillType2, PillType2) select_shape (Chambers, PillType3, 'row', 'and', 270, 390) union1 (PillType3, PillType3)* Extract color space of yellow pills reduce_domain (Image, PillType1, ImageReduced) decompose3 (ImageReduced, ImageR, ImageG, ImageB) threshold (ImageB, Region, 60, 95)* Extract color space of red pills reduce_domain (Image, PillType2, ImageReduced) decompose3 (ImageReduced, ImageR, ImageG, ImageB) * invert_image反轉圖像的灰度值 invert_image (ImageB, ImageInvert) * hysteresis_threshold使用遲滯閾值操作 * 函數原型：hysteresis_threshold(Image : RegionHysteresis : Low, High, MaxLength : ) * Image ：輸入圖像；RegionHysteresis ：輸出區(qū)域；Low：低于這個灰度不會被選中；High：高于這個灰度立刻被選中； * MaxLength ：在Low與High之間的根據MaxLength 對比度進行選擇，和carry邊緣類似。 hysteresis_threshold (ImageInvert, RegionHysteresis2, 190, 200, 5)* Extract color space of green pills reduce_domain (Image, PillType3, ImageReduced) decompose3 (ImageReduced, ImageR, ImageG, ImageB) invert_image (ImageB, ImageInvert) hysteresis_threshold (ImageInvert, RegionHysteresis3, 180, 200, 10)* 求兩個區(qū)域的交集 intersection (Region, PillType1, PillType1) intersection (RegionHysteresis2, PillType2, PillType2) PillTypeCount := [3,6,6] intersection (RegionHysteresis3, PillType3, PillType3) concat_obj (PillType1, PillType2, Classes) concat_obj (Classes, PillType3, Classes) return ()

NumClasses := |PillTypeCount|

創(chuàng)建創(chuàng)建高斯混合模型
輸入參數： NumDim：幾個特征；NumClasses:樣本分類個數；NumCenters:類中心的個數；CovarType:
協(xié)方差矩陣（‘Spherical’,‘diag’,‘full’）;Preprocessing:預處理是否使用，及特征向量轉換類型；
NumComponents:預處理參數，轉換特征數；RandSend:迭代次數，初始化GMM；
輸出參數：GMMHandle:高斯混合模型
create_class_gmm (3, 3, [1,5], ‘spherical’, ‘normalization’, 10, 42, GMMHandle)
含義：增加訓練樣本（圖片區(qū)），放入GMM 進行訓練數據
輸入參數：Image:訓練的圖像（多通道）;ClassRegions:圖像中用于訓練的類區(qū)域;
GMMHandle:高斯混合模型;Randomize:高斯噪聲標準差
add_samples_image_class_gmm (Image, Classes, GMMHandle, 0)
含義：訓練高斯混合模型
輸入參數：GMMHandle：高斯混合模型;MixIter: 期望最大值算法中迭代最大數;
Threshold:期望誤差閾值，超過此值，計算取消;
ClassPriors:類的先驗概率類型;（‘training’,‘uniform’）'uniform’表示使用相同的權重，1/NumClasses;'training’表示類發(fā)生的概率是依據樣本中的概率推斷。
Regularize:調整值，為了防止計算中出現(xiàn)奇異協(xié)方差矩陣。增加到協(xié)方差矩陣的對角線上的一個很小的值
輸出參數：Centers:每個類的中心個數
Iter:每個類的迭代次數
train_class_gmm (GMMHandle, 100, 0.001, ‘training’, 0.0001, Centers, Iter)
檢測膠囊
Count := 12
for FileIndex := 1 to Count by 1
- 讀入圖片
  read_image (Image, ‘blister/blister_mixed_’ + FileIndex$‘02’)
- 閾值分割
  threshold (Image, Region, 90, 255)
- 分割連通域
  connection (Region, ConnectedRegions)
- 面積對區(qū)域篩選
  select_shape (ConnectedRegions, SelectedRegions, ‘area’, ‘and’, 5000, 9999999)
- 求取最大區(qū)域邊緣
  shape_trans (SelectedRegions, RegionTrans, ‘convex’)
- 利用橢圓變換，得出區(qū)域角度
  orientation_region (RegionTrans, Phi)
  if (abs(Phi) > rad(90))
  Phi := rad(180) + Phi
  endif
- 求取區(qū)域面積與中心坐標
  area_center (RegionTrans, Area1, Row, Column)
- 創(chuàng)建平移旋轉變換矩陣
  vector_angle_to_rigid (Row, Column, Phi, RowRef, ColumnRef, PhiRef, HomMat2D)
- 使用仿射變換矩陣進行任意仿射變換
  affine_trans_image (Image, ImageAffinTrans, HomMat2D, ‘constant’, ‘false’)
- 減少圖像定義域
  reduce_domain (ImageAffinTrans, ChambersUnion, ImageReduced)
- 將圖片分為rgb三通道圖像
  decompose3 (ImageAffinTrans, ImageR, ImageG, ImageB)
- 對每個膠囊進行識別檢測
- 含義：使用GMM分類一個圖像
- 輸入參數：Image:訓練的圖像（多通道）；GMMHandle:GMM模型；
- RejectionThreshold:分類拒絕閾值，如果圖像所有的像素概率低于此值將不會分類任何類。
- 輸出參數：ClassRegions:分類的各個區(qū)域
  classify_image_class_gmm (ImageReduced, ClassRegions, GMMHandle, 0.005)
- 對ClassRegions進行計數
  count_obj (ClassRegions, Number)
- 生成空區(qū)域
  gen_empty_obj (FinalClasses)
- 分割連通域
  connection (Chambers, ChambersRemaining)
  for Index := Number to 1 by -1
  dev_clear_window ()
  - 選擇ClassRegions區(qū)域中的第Index個對象
    select_obj (ClassRegions, Region, Index)
  - 求交集
    intersection (ChambersRemaining, Region, Region)
  - 使用面積與寬度進行區(qū)域篩選
    select_shape (Region, PillsOfOneType, [‘area’,‘width’], ‘and’, [200,40], [3000,68])
  - 求取兩個區(qū)域的差集
    difference (ChambersUnion, PillsOfOneType, RegionDifference)
  - 分割連通域
    connection (RegionDifference, ConnectedRegions)
  - 使用面積進行區(qū)域篩選
    select_shape (ConnectedRegions, SelectedRegions, ‘area’, ‘and’, 0, 7868)
  - 求取區(qū)域的最大邊緣
    shape_trans (SelectedRegions, SelectedRegions, ‘convex’)
  - 聯(lián)合區(qū)域
    union1 (SelectedRegions, SelectedRegions)
  - 求取區(qū)域差集
    difference (ChambersRemaining, SelectedRegions, ChambersRemaining)
  - 聯(lián)合兩個區(qū)域
    concat_obj (SelectedRegions, FinalClasses, FinalClasses)
    endfor
- 得出結果進行處理得出結論
  gen_empty_obj (MissingPills)
  gen_empty_obj (WrongPills)
  gen_empty_obj (WrongNumberOfPills)
  difference (ChambersUnion, FinalClasses, LeftOvers)
  area_center (LeftOvers, Area, Row1, Column1)
  if (Area > 0)
  connection (LeftOvers, LeftOvers)
  count_obj (LeftOvers, Number)
  for Index := 1 to Number by 1
  select_obj (LeftOvers, ObjectSelected, Index)
  intensity (ObjectSelected, ImageB, Mean, Deviation)
  if (Deviation > 40)
  concat_obj (WrongPills, ObjectSelected, WrongPills)
  else
  concat_obj (MissingPills, ObjectSelected, MissingPills)
  endif
  endfor
  endif
- Compute histogram
  CountFinalClass := []
  for Index := 1 to NumClasses by 1
  select_obj (FinalClasses, ObjectSelected, Index)
  connection (ObjectSelected, ObjectSelected)
  count_obj (ObjectSelected, Size)
  CountFinalClass := [CountFinalClass,Size]
  endfor
- Display classification results and output allover statistic
  display_results (ImageAffinTrans, LeftOvers, FinalClasses, WrongPills, CountFinalClass, PillTypeCount, WindowHandle)
  if (FileIndex < Count)
  disp_continue_message (WindowHandle, ‘black’, ‘true’)
  endif
  stop ()
  endfor
Clear classifier handle
clear_class_gmm (GMMHandle)

處理思路

此例子使用GMM高斯分類器進行膠囊識別識別，因為一版藥上有多個種類的藥片。

后記

大家有什么問題可以向我提問哈，我看到了第一時間回復，希望在學習的路上多多結交良師益友。

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