近期客戶有需求，導出某些審計數據，供審計人進行核查，只能導出成文本或excel格式的進行查看，這里我們使用sqluldr2工具進行相關數據的導出。

oracle導出數據為文本格式比較麻煩，sqluldr2是靈活的強大的oracle文本導出程序，是之前阿里大拿首席dba樓方鑫開發的小工具，oracle有自己的一個sqlldr工具，是將文本載入到oracle庫中用的，而現在這個sqluldr中間加了個u是un的意思，小工具是用oracle的C語言接口寫成，短小精干運行速度快，工具很強大，而且批量導出效率非常高，使用靈活，多個平臺版本都有對應的工具。

命令參數：

./sqluldr2

SQL*UnLoader: Fast Oracle Text Unloader (GZIP, Parallel), Release 4.0.1

(@) Copyright Lou Fangxin (AnySQL.net) 2004 - 2010, all rights reserved.

License: Free for non-commercial useage, else 100 USD per server.

Usage: SQLULDR2 keyword=value [,keyword=value,...]

Valid Keywords:

user = username/password@tnsname

sql = SQL file name

query = select statement

field = separator string between fields

record = separator string between records

rows = print progress for every given rows (default, 1000000)

file = output file name(default: uldrdata.txt)

log = log file name, prefix with + to append mode

fast = auto tuning the session level parameters(YES)

text = output type (MYSQL, CSV, MYSQLINS, ORACLEINS, FORM, SEARCH).

charset = character set name of the target database.

ncharset= national character set name of the target database.

parfile = read command option from parameter file

for field and record, you can use '0x' to specify hex character code,

\r=0x0d \n=0x0a |=0x7c ,=0x2c, \t=0x09, :=0x3a, #=0x23, "=0x22 '=0x27

直接指定sql(適合query比較長的一些語句，結果集直接輸出到對應的文件里)

[oracle@m1 ~]$vi query.sql

SELECT * FROM ( SELECT A.*, rownum r FROM (select aa.* ,bb.aac003,bb.aac058,bb.aac147 from GIOISX.ac10 aa,GIOISX.ac01 bb where 1=1 and aa.aac001=bb.aac001 and aa.batchid=101 order by aa.aac001,aae003,aae140 ) A WHERE rownum < =30) B WHERE r >0

#./sqluldr2 system/welcoii@cfsgal sql=/home/oracle/query.sql mode=APPEND head=yes file=/home/oracle/jgyl_ad50_%B.csv batch=yes rows=5000

0 rows exported at 2019-06-27 16:21:27, size 0 MB.

30 rows exported at 2019-06-27 16:21:27, size 0 MB.

output file /home/oracle/jgyl_ad50_1.csv closed at 30 rows, size 0 MB.

常規導出(head=yes?? 表示輸出表頭 log是記錄日志)

sqluldr2 hr/hr123@127.0.0.1:1521/XE query="select * from bb_user_t" head=yes file=D:\sqluldr2\File\tmp001.csv log=D:\sql.log or

log=+D:\sqluldr2\File\tmp003.log 如果有日志在日志后追加日志，否則覆蓋替換

使用table參數(“TABLE”選項用于指定將文件導入的目標表的名字，例如我們將EMP 表的數據導入到EMP_HIS 表中，假設這兩個表的表結構一致，先用如下命令導出數據：Sqluldr2 … query=”select * from emp” file=emp.txt table=emp_his ……，或生成相應的導入控制文件)

sqluldr2 hr/hr123@127.0.0.1:1521/XE query="select * from bb_user_t" table=temp_004 head=yes file=D:\sqluldr2\File\tmp004.csv

大批量導出(對于大表可以輸出到多個文件中，指定行數分割或者按照文件大小分割，當文件名(“FILE”選項)的后綴以小寫的“.gz”結尾時，會將記錄直接寫入到GZIP格式的壓縮文件中，如果要歸檔大量數據，這個功能可以節約很多的存貯空間，降低運營成本)

sqluldr2 system/welc1@sl query="select * from GIOISX.AD50 where rownum<20000" table=GIOISX.AD50 mode=APPEND head=yes file=/home/oracle/jgyl_ad50_%B.csv batch=yes rows=5000

0 rows exported at 2019-06-27 16:08:42, size 0 MB.

5000 rows exported at 2019-06-27 16:08:43, size 0 MB.

output file /home/oracle/jgyl_ad50_1.csv closed at 5000 rows, size 1 MB.

5000 rows exported at 2019-06-27 16:08:43, size 1 MB.

output file /home/oracle/jgyl_ad50_2.csv closed at 5000 rows, size 2 MB.

5000 rows exported at 2019-06-27 16:08:43, size 2 MB.

output file /home/oracle/jgyl_ad50_3.csv closed at 5000 rows, size 3 MB.

4999 rows exported at 2019-06-27 16:08:43, size 4 MB.

output file /home/oracle/jgyl_ad50_4.csv closed at 4999 rows, size 4 MB.

參數說明：

user = username/password@tnsname

sql = SQL file name

query = select statement (選擇語句;query參數如果整表導出，可以直接寫表名，如果需要查詢運算和where條件，query=“sql文本”，也可以把復雜sql寫入到文本中由query調用)

field = separator string between fields (

設置導出文件里的分隔符;

默認是逗號分隔符，通過 field參數指定分隔符;

例如現在要改變默認的字段分隔符，用“#”來分隔記錄，導出的命令如下所示：

sqluldr2? test/test sql=tmp.sql field=#

在指定分隔符時，可以用字符的ASCII代碼(0xXX，大寫的XX為16進制的ASCII碼值)來指定一個字符，常用的字符的ASCII代碼如下：

回車=0x0d，換行=0x0a，TAB鍵=0x09，|=0x7c，&=0x26，雙引號=0x22，單引號=0x27

在選擇分隔符時，一定不能選擇會在字段值中出現的字符)

record = separator string between records (記錄之間的分隔字符串;分隔符? 指定記錄分隔符，默認為回車換行，Windows下的換行)

rows = print progress for every given rows (default, 1000000)

file = output file name(default: uldrdata.txt) (輸出文件名(默認：uldrdata.txt))

log = log file name, prefix with + to append mode (日志文件名，前綴加+模式)

fast = auto tuning the session level parameters(YES)

text = output type (MYSQL, CSV, MYSQLINS, ORACLEINS, FORM, SEARCH).

charset = character set name of the target database. (目標數據庫的字符集名稱;導出文件里有中文顯示亂碼，需要設置參數charset=UTF8)

ncharset= national character set name of the target database.

parfile = read command option from parameter file (從參數文件讀取命令選項;可以把參數放到parfile文件里，這個參數對于復雜sql很有用)

read = set DB_FILE_MULTIBLOCK_READ_COUNT at session level

sort = set SORT_AREA_SIZE at session level (UNIT:MB)

hash = set HASH_AREA_SIZE at session level (UNIT:MB)

array = array fetch size

head = print row header(Yes|No)

batch = save to new file for every rows batch (Yes/No) (為每行批處理保存新文件)

size = maximum output file piece size (UNIB:MB)

serial = set _serial_direct_read to TRUE at session level

trace = set event 10046 to given level at session level

table = table name in the sqlldr control file (“TABLE”選項用于指定將文件導入的目標表的名字，例如我們將EMP 表的數據導入到EMP_HIS 表中，假設這兩個表的表結構一致，先用如下命令導出數據：

Sqluldr2 … query=”select * from emp” file=emp.txt table=emp_his ……)

control = sqlldr control file and path.

mode = sqlldr option, INSERT or APPEND or REPLACE or TRUNCATE

buffer = sqlldr READSIZE and BINDSIZE, default 16 (MB)

long = maximum long field size

width = customized max column width (w1:w2:...)

quote = optional quote string (可選引用字符串;引號符? 指定非數字字段前后的引號符)

data = disable real data unload (NO, OFF)

alter = alter session SQLs to be execute before unload

safe = use large buffer to avoid ORA-24345 error (Yes|No) (使用大緩沖器避免ORA-24345錯誤;ORA-24345: A Truncation or null fetch error occurred，設置參數safe=yes)

crypt = encrypted user information only (Yes|No)

sedf/t = enable character translation function

null = replace null with given value

escape = escape character for special characters

escf/t = escape from/to characters list

format = MYSQL: MySQL Insert SQLs, SQL: Insert SQLs.

exec = the command to execute the SQLs.

prehead = column name prefix for head line.

rowpre = row prefix string for each line.

rowsuf = row sufix string for each line.

colsep = separator string between column name and value.

presql = SQL or scripts to be executed before data unload.

postsql = SQL or scripts to be executed after data unload.

lob = extract lob values to single file (FILE).

lobdir = subdirectory count to store lob files .

split = table name for automatically parallelization.

degree = parallelize data copy degree (2-128).

for field and record, you can use '0x' to specify hex character code,

\r=0x0d \n=0x0a |=0x7c ,=0x2c, \t=0x09, :=0x3a, #=0x23, "=0x22 '=0x27

參考樓方鑫：

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