企业级 oracle11G r2 DataGuard 安装配置
企業級 oracle11G r2 DataGuard 安裝配置
安裝環境
IP地址與機器名 /etc/hosts
# Do not remove the following line, or various programs
# that require network functionality will fail.
127.0.0.1????????? localhost.localdomain localhost
::1????????????? localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6
172.16.0.173?? oracle173?????? #primary
172.16.0.174?? oracle174???????? ?? #standby
準備安裝環境172.16.0.173? oracle173?????? #primary把數據庫軟件與實例，監聽安裝好。
172.16.0.174?? oracle174???????? ?? #standby 只安裝數據庫軟件
?
1.修改oracle173? #primaryr 的tnsnames.ora文件
[oracle@oracle173 ~]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/
[oracle@oracle173 admin]$ vi tnsnames.ora
?
orcl02 =
? (DESCRIPTION =
??? (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = oracle174)(PORT = 1521))
??? (CONNECT_DATA =
????? (SERVER = DEDICATED)
????? (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
??? )
? )
?
orcl01 =
? (DESCRIPTION =
??? (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = oracle173)(PORT = 1521))
??? (CONNECT_DATA =
????? (SERVER = DEDICATED)
????? (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
??? )
? )
?
ORCL =
? (DESCRIPTION =
??? (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = oracle173)(PORT = 1521))
??? (CONNECT_DATA =
????? (SERVER = DEDICATED)
????? (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
??? )
? )
2.修改oracle173? #primaryr 的listener.ora
[oracle@oracle173 admin]$ vi listener.ora
?
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
? (SID_LIST =
??? (SID_DESC =
????? (GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)
????? (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
????? (SID_NAME = orcl)
??? )
? )
?
LISTENER =
? (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
??? (DESCRIPTION =
????? (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = oracle173)(PORT = 1521))
??? )
? )
?
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle
3.拷oracle173 ?#primary 的listener.ora、tnsnames.ora及密碼文件 orapworcl ?到oracle174
#standby，并修改listener.ora、tnsnames.ora文件??
[oracle@oracle173admin]$cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/
$ scp? listener.ora??? oracle174:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/
$ scp ?tnsnames.ora ?oracle174:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/
[oracle@oracle173 admin]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/
$ scp orapworcl oracle174:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/
?
[oracle@oracle174 ~]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/
[oracle@oracle174 admin]$ vi listener.ora
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
? (SID_LIST =
??? (SID_DESC =
????? (GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)
????? (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
????? (SID_NAME = orcl)
??? )
? )
?
LISTENER =
? (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
??? (DESCRIPTION =
????? (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = oracle174)(PORT = 1521))
??? )
? )
?
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle
[oracle@oracle174 admin]$ vi tnsnames.ora
orcl02 =
? (DESCRIPTION =
??? (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = oracle174)(PORT = 1521))
??? (CONNECT_DATA =
????? (SERVER = DEDICATED)
???? ?(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
??? )
? )
?
orcl01 =
? (DESCRIPTION =
??? (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = oracle173)(PORT = 1521))
??? (CONNECT_DATA =
????? (SERVER = DEDICATED)
????? (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
??? )
? )
?
ORCL =
? (DESCRIPTION =
??? (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = oracle174)(PORT = 1521))
??? (CONNECT_DATA =
????? (SERVER = DEDICATED)
????? (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
??? )
? )
4.啟動監聽
[oracle@oracle173 dbs]$ lsnrctl start
[oracle@oracle174 admin]$ lsnrctl start
5.創建oracle目錄
#oracle173? #primary
[root@oracle173 ~]# mkdir -p /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/
[root@oracle173 ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u02
[root@oracle173 ~]# chmod -R +x /u02
#oracle174?? #standby
[root@oracle174 ~]# mkdir -p /u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/
[root@oracle174 ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u02
[root@oracle174 ~]# chmod -R +x /u02
[oracle@oracle174 admin]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/
[oracle@oracle174 admin]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/orcl/
[oracle@oracle174 admin]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump/
[oracle@oracle174 admin]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/dpdump/
[oracle@oracle174 admin]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/pfile/
[oracle@oracle174 admin]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/scripts/
6.配置oracle173 #primary數據庫的參數
[oracle@oracle173 orcl]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Mon Jun 23 21:25:48 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.? All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1653518336 bytes
Fixed Size????????? ??? 2213896 bytes
Variable Size????????????? ? 956303352 bytes
Database Buffers??? ? 687865856 bytes
Redo Buffers???????????? ??? 7135232 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> alter database force logging;
Database altered.
SQL> create pfile from spfile;
File created.
?
[oracle@oracle173 orcl]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/
[oracle@oracle173 dbs]$ ls
hc_DBUA0.dat? init.ora????? lkORCL???? spfileorcl.ora
hc_orcl.dat?? initorcl.ora? orapworcl
[oracle@oracle173 dbs]$ mv spfileorcl.ora spfileorcl.ora.bak
[oracle@oracle173 dbs]$ vi initorcl.ora
orcl.__db_cache_size=687865856
orcl.__java_pool_size=16777216
orcl.__db_cache_size=687865856
orcl.__java_pool_size=16777216
orcl.__large_pool_size=16777216
orcl.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment
orcl.__pga_aggregate_target=671088640
orcl.__sga_target=989855744
orcl.__shared_io_pool_size=0
orcl.__shared_pool_size=251658240
orcl.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='11.2.0.0.0'
*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_name='orcl'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4070572032
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)'
#*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/home/oracle/arch'
*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf'
*.memory_target=1655701504
*.open_cursors=300
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
?
*.db_unique_name=uqn_orcl01
*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(uqn_orcl01,uqn_orcl02)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/home/oracle/arch noreopen optional VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=uqn_orcl01'
*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=orcl02 VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=uqn_orcl02 ARCH SYNC REOPEN=10'
*.log_archive_dest_state_1=ENABLE
*.log_archive_dest_state_2=ENABLE
*.FAL_SERVER='orcl02'
*.FAL_CLIENT='orcl01'
*.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT='AUTO'
*.log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/'
-------------------------------------------
?
[oracle@oracle173 dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
?
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Mon Jun 23 21:48:04 2014
?
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.? All rights reserved.
?
?
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
?
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
?
Total System Global Area 1653518336 bytes
Fixed Size????????? ??? 2213896 bytes
Variable Size????????????? ? 956303352 bytes
Database Buffers??? ? 687865856 bytes
Redo Buffers???????????? ??? 7135232 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
?
7.拷貝參數文件到standby (oracle174)
[oracle@oracle173 dbs]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/
$ scp initorcl.ora oracle174:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/
8.修改standby(oracle174) 參數文件
[oracle@oracle174 admin]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/
[oracle@oracle174 dbs]$ vi initorcl.ora
?
orcl.__db_cache_size=687865856
orcl.__java_pool_size=16777216
orcl.__large_pool_size=16777216
orcl.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment
orcl.__pga_aggregate_target=671088640
orcl.__sga_target=989855744
orcl.__shared_io_pool_size=0
orcl.__shared_pool_size=251658240
orcl.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='11.2.0.0.0'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='11.2.0.0.0'
*.db_block_size=8192
orcl.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment
orcl.__pga_aggregate_target=671088640
orcl.__sga_target=989855744
orcl.__shared_io_pool_size=0
orcl.__shared_pool_size=251658240
orcl.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='11.2.0.0.0'
*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
orcl.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment
orcl.__pga_aggregate_target=671088640
orcl.__sga_target=989855744
orcl.__shared_io_pool_size=0
orcl.__shared_pool_size=251658240
orcl.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='11.2.0.0.0'
*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_name='orcl'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4070572032
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)'
#*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/home/oracle/arch'
*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf'
*.memory_target=1655701504
*.open_cursors=300
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
?
*.db_unique_name=uqn_orcl02
*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(uqn_orcl01,uqn_orcl02)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/home/oracle/arch noreopen optional VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=uqn_orcl02'
*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=orcl01 VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=uqn_orcl01 ARCH SYNC REOPEN=10'
*.log_archive_dest_state_1=ENABLE
*.log_archive_dest_state_2=ENABLE
*.FAL_SERVER='orcl01'
*.FAL_CLIENT='orcl02'
*.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT='AUTO'
*.log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/'
?
9.在oracle174中創建目錄
[oracle@oracle174 ~]$ mkdir /home/oracle/arch
10.備份primary主庫（oracle173上）
[oracle@oracle173 dbs]$ rman target/
?
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Jun 23 22:06:34 2014
?
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.? All rights reserved.
?
connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1378624651)
?
RMAN> run {
?allocate channel d1 device type disk;
?backup as compressed backupset
?incremental level=0 format='/home/oracle/arch/inc0_%d_%T_%s_%p'
?tag='inc0' channel=d1 database;
?sql "alter system archive log current";
?backup as compressed backupset
?format=2> 3> 4> 5> 6> 7> 8> '/home/oracle/arch/arch_%d_%T_%s_%p'
?tag='arch' channel=d1 archivelog all delete input;
?backup as compressed backupset
?format='/home/oracle/arch/ctl_%d_%T_%s_%p'
?tag='ctl' channel=d1 current controlfile for standby reuse;
? }
?
11.拷貝primary（oracle173）備份文件到standby（oracle174）
[oracle@oracle173 ~]$ cd /home/oracle/arch/
[oracle@oracle173 arch]$ scp * oracle174:/home/oracle/arch/
?
12. duplicate primary數據庫上主庫與備庫防火墻要關閉
RMAN> connect auxiliary sys/sys_admin@orcl02
connected to auxiliary database: ORCL (not mounted)
RMAN> duplicate target database for standby nofilenamecheck;
13恢復standby數據庫（oracle174）
SQL> recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
Media recovery complete.
?
14.standby數據庫啟動到open read only狀態
SQL> recover managed standby database cancel;
Media recovery complete.
SQL> alter database open read only;
Database altered.
SQL> recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
Media recovery complete.
?
?
?
?
15.測試DataGuard
# primary數據庫（oracle173）
SQL> alter system archive log current;
System altered.
?
#oracle174
16.通過命令查看是否有歸檔日志恢復
$ tail -f /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/uqn_orcl02/orcl/trace/alert_orcl.log
17.使用LGWR進程進行primary和standby之間的歸檔日志傳輸
#添加standby logfile
standby 添加standby logfile
SQL> recover managed standby database cancel;
Media recovery complete.
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 6 ('/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/stb_redo01.dbf') size 50M reuse;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 7 ('/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/stb_redo02.dbf') size 50M reuse;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 8 ('/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/stb_redo03.dbf') size 50M reuse;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 9 ('/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/stb_redo04.dbf') size 50M reuse;
Database altered.
?
#查看standby logfile
SQL> select * from v$standby_log;
?
18.primary 添加standby logfile
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 6 ('/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/stb_redo01.dbf') size 50M reuse;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 7 ('/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/stb_redo02.dbf') size 50M reuse;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 8 ('/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/stb_redo03.dbf') size 50M reuse;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 9 ('/u02/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/stb_redo04.dbf') size 50M reuse;
Database altered.
19.修改primary和standby的初始化參數log_archive_dest_2
#primary
[oracle@oracle173 arch]$ vi /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/initorcl.ora
------------------------------------------------------
*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=orcl02 VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=uqn_orcl02 LGWR SYNC REOPEN=10'
----------------------------------------------------------
#standby
[oracle@oracle174 arch]$ vi /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/initorcl.ora
------------------------------------------------------
*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=orcl01 VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=uqn_orcl01 LGWR SYNC REOPEN=10'
------------------------------------------------------
20.重啟primary和standby數據庫
#關閉
#primary （oracle173）
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
?
#standby （oracle174）
SQL> recover managed standby database cancel;
Media recovery complete.
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
?
#啟動
#primary （oracle173）
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1653518336 bytes
Fixed Size????????? ??? 2213896 bytes
Variable Size????????????? ? 956303352 bytes
Database Buffers??? ? 687865856 bytes
Redo Buffers???????????? ??? 7135232 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
?
#standby （oracle174）
SQL> startup nomount
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1653518336 bytes
Fixed Size????????? ??? 2213896 bytes
Variable Size????????????? ? 956303352 bytes
Database Buffers??? ? 687865856 bytes
Redo Buffers???
?
SQL> alter database mount standby database;
?
Database altered.
SQL> alter database open read only;
?
Database altered.
SQL> recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
Media recovery complete.
?
21修改參數文件為spfile
?創建spfile文件
#primary （oracle173）
SQL> create spfile from pfile;
File created.
?
#standby （oracle174）
SQL> create spfile from pfile;
File created.
22.重啟primary和standby數據庫
同上
?
?
?####################################################################
#測試DataGuard數據
#primary
SQL> create table dg_test(sno number,sname varchar(20));
Table created.
?
SQL>? insert into dg_test values(1,'DataGuard');
1 row created.
?
SQL>? insert into dg_test values(2,'primary');
1 row created.
?
SQL> insert into dg_test values(3,'standby');
1 row created.
?
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
?
SQL> alter system archive log current;
System altered.
#standby
SQL> select * from dg_test;
?
?????? SNO SNAME
---------- --------------------
???????? ?1 DataGuard
???????? ?2 primary
???????? ?3 standby
?
總結
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