epel源安裝
rpm -ivh epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
yum -y install cobbler httpd rsync tftp-server xinetd dhcp cobbler-web koan pykickstart* fence-agents* debmirror syslinux
$$$$$$$$$$$啟動cobbler服務
/etc/init.d/cobblerd start
$$$$$$$$啟動httpd服務
/etc/init.d/httpd start
$$$$$$$$$$檢測
cobbler check
$$$$$$$$$$$$$問題1：
Traceback (most recent call last):
? File "/usr/bin/cobbler", line 36, in <module>
??? sys.exit(app.main())
? File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/cobbler/cli.py", line 657, in main
??? rc = cli.run(sys.argv)
? File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/cobbler/cli.py", line 270, in run
??? self.token???????? = self.remote.login("", self.shared_secret)
? File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/xmlrpclib.py", line 1199, in __call__
??? return self.__send(self.__name, args)
? File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/xmlrpclib.py", line 1489, in __request
??? verbose=self.__verbose
? File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/xmlrpclib.py", line 1253, in request
??? return self._parse_response(h.getfile(), sock)
? File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/xmlrpclib.py", line 1392, in _parse_response
??? return u.close()
? File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/xmlrpclib.py", line 838, in close
??? raise Fault(**self._stack[0])
xmlrpclib.Fault: <Fault 1: "<class 'cobbler.cexceptions.CX'>:'login failed'">
$$$$$$$$$$$$解決方法：
service cobblerd restart
cobbler get-loaders
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$問題2：
The following are potential configuration items that you may want to fix:?
1 : The 'server' field in /etc/cobbler/settings must be set to something other than localhost, or kickstarting features will not work. This should be a resolvable hostname or IP for the boot server as reachable by all machines that will use it.?
2 : For PXE to be functional, the 'next_server' field in /etc/cobbler/settings must be set to something other than 127.0.0.1, and should match the IP of the boot server on the PXE network.?
3 : some network boot-loaders are missing from /var/lib/cobbler/loaders, you may run 'cobbler get-loaders' to download them, or, if you only want to handle x86/x86_64 netbooting, you may ensure that you have installed a *recent* version of the syslinux package installed and can ignore this message entirely. Files in this directory, should you want to support all architectures, should include pxelinux.0, menu.c32, elilo.efi, and yaboot. The 'cobbler get-loaders' command is the easiest way to resolve these requirements.?
4 ：you need to set some SELinux content rules to ensure cobbler works correctly in your SELinux environment, run the following:
????? /usr/sbin/semanage fcontext -a -t public_content_t "/tftpboot/.*" && \
????? /usr/sbin/semanage fcontext -a -t public_content_t "/var/www/cobbler/images/.*"
5 : change 'disable' to 'no' in /etc/xinetd.d/rsync
??? change 'disable' to 'no' in /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
6 : comment out 'dists' on /etc/debmirror.conf for proper debian support?
??? comment out 'arches' on /etc/debmirror.conf for proper debian support
7 ：since iptables may be running, ensure 69, 80, and 25151 are unblocked
8 : The default pass<a href="http://www.it165.net/edu/ebg/" target="_blank" class="keylink">word</a> used by the sample templates for newly installed machines (default_pass<a href="http://www.it165.net/edu/ebg/" target="_blank" class="keylink">word</a>_crypted in /etc/cobbler/settings) is still set to 'cobbler' and should be changed, try: "openssl passwd -1 -salt 'random-phrase-here' 'your-password-here'" to generate new one?
Restart cobblerd and then run 'cobbler sync' to apply changes.
9，debmirror package is not installed, it will be required to manage debian deployments and repositories
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$上面這段信息大意就是：
1，編輯/etc/cobbler/settings文件，找到 server：選項，修改為適當的ip地址，本實例配置ip為：192.168.10.1
2，編輯/etc/cobbler/settings文件，找到 next_server：選項，修改為適當的ip地址，本實例配置ip為：192.168.10.1
4，SELinux的設置。如果上面已經關閉了SELinux就不用管了，SELinux的設置。如果上面已經關閉了SELinux就不用管了
3，執行 cobbler get-loaders，系統將自動下載loader程序，完成提示4的修復工作。
5，編輯/etc/xinetd.d/tftp文件，將文件中的disable字段的配置由yes改為no
?? 編輯/etc/xinetd.d/rsync文件，將文件中的disable字段的配置由yes改為no
6. 在/etc/debmirror.conf文件中注釋dists和arches
7，在iptables中將69，80，25151端口打開。如果僅僅只是在內部環境中使用，建議直接將防火墻關掉
9，提示說debmirror沒安裝。如果不是安裝 debian之類的系統，此提示可以忽略，如果需要安裝，下載地址為：
http://rpmfind.net/linux/rpm2html/search.php?query=debmirror
CentOS 6使用RHEL 5的包就可以。
8，修改cobbler用戶的默認密碼，可以使用如下命令生成密碼，并使用生成后的密碼替換/etc/cobbler/settings??? （default_password_crypted: ）中的密碼。生成密碼命令：
openssl passwd -1 -salt '用戶' '密碼'
其中“random-phrase-here”為干擾碼
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$解決方案：
1.vim /etc/cobbler/settings
????? server: 192.168.1.20
2.vim /etc/cobbler/settings
????? next_server: 192.168.1.20
3.? cobbler get-loaders?
4.vim /etc/sysconfig/selinuc
????? SELINUX=disabled
5. vim /etc/xinetd.d/rsync
????? disable = no
?? vim /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
????? disable = no
?? service xinetd start?
6.vim /etc/debmirror.conf
???? #@dists="sid";
?? ? #@arches="i386";
7./etc/init.d/iptables stop或
? iptables -F
? iptables -X
? /etc/init.d/iptables save
8. openssl passwd -1 -salt 'maishujie' '123456'
???? $1$maishujie$MqApDf9CDu.SNuvbG/ju70
?vim /etc/cobbler/settings?
default_password_crypted: "$1$maishujie$MqApDf9CDu.SNuvbG/ju70"
9.忽略
如遇到其他問題根據錯誤提示解決
/etc/init.d/cobbler restart
cobbler sync
cobbler check
顯示No configuration problems found.? All systems go.及為正常

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$查詢啟動端口netstat -ntulp
######################cobbler的使用
vim /etc/cobbler/settings?
mange_dhcp: 1
mange_tftpd:1
pxe_just_once:1

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$定制dhcp模板（Ifconfig eth0:0 192.168.10.254/24）
vi /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template
subnet 192.168.10.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
???? option routers???????????? 192.168.10.254;
???? option domain-name-servers 202.106.0.20;
???? option subnet-mask???????? 255.255.255.0;
???? range dynamic-bootp??????? 192.168.10.100 192.168.10.200;
???? default-lease-time???????? 21600;
???? max-lease-time???????????? 43200;
???? next-server??????????????? $next_server;
???? class "pxeclients" {
????????? match if substring (option vendor-class-identifier, 0, 9) = "PXEClient";
????????? if option pxe-system-type = 00:02 {
????????????????? filename "ia64/elilo.efi";
????????? } else if option pxe-system-type = 00:06 {
????????????????? filename "grub/grub-x86.efi";
????????? } else if option pxe-system-type = 00:07 {
????????????????? filename "grub/grub-x86_64.efi";
????????? } else {
????????????????? filename "pxelinux.0";
????????? }
???? }

}

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$重啟服務器 /etc/init.d/cobbler restart
cobbler sync
more /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf 驗證模板更新
more /etc/xinetd.d/tftp

$$$$$$$$$$$建立目錄
yum -y install lrzsz
放置ios文件目錄mkdir -pv /data/iso
???? rz選擇iso文件上傳
掛載目錄mkdir /data/sys/centos6.4_64
掛載 mount -o loop /data/iso/CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso /data/centos6.4_64
ks文件放置目錄mkdir /data/ks/centos6.4_64
?????? rz選擇ks文件上傳
$$$$$$$$$$$$導入安裝文件
?cobbler import --path=/data/sys/centos6.4_64/ --name=centos6.4_64 --kickstart=/data/ks/centos6.4_64/ks.cfg --arch=x86_64
顯示
task started: 2015-08-14_010049_import
task started (id=Media import, time=Fri Aug 14 01:00:49 2015)
Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel6
Found a matching signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel6
Adding distros from path /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos6.4_i386-x86_64:
creating new distro: centos6.4-x86_64
trying symlink: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos6.4_i386-x86_64 -> /var/www/cobbler/links/centos6.4-x86_64
creating new profile: centos6.4-x86_64
associating repos
checking for rsync repo(s)
checking for rhn repo(s)
checking for yum repo(s)
starting descent into /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos6.4_i386-x86_64 for centos6.4-x86_64
processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos6.4_i386-x86_64
need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos6.4_i386-x86_64
looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos6.4_i386-x86_64/repodata/*comps*.xml
Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos6.4_i386-x86_64/repodata
*** TASK COMPLETE ***
從上面顯示信息所知，cobbler會將鏡像中的拷貝到本地一份，放在/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirrors下的centos- 6.0-i386目錄下。同時會創建一個名字為centos-6.0-i386的一個發布版本，以及一個名字為centos-6.0-i386的 profile文件。

service xinetd restart?
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$同步cobbler配置
# cobbler sync
顯示
ask started: 2011-08-11_170706_sync
task started (id=Sync, time=Thu Aug 11 17:07:06 2011)
running pre-sync triggers
cleaning trees
removing: /var/www/cobbler/images/centos-6.0-i386
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/efidefault
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/images/centos-6.0-i386
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/s390x/profile_list
copying bootloaders
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi
copying distros
copying files for distro: centos-6.0-i386
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-6.0-i386/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/centos-6.0-i386/vmlinuz
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-6.0-i386/images/pxeboot/initrd.img -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/centos-6.0-i386/initrd.img
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-6.0-i386/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz -> /var/www/cobbler/images/centos-6.0-i386/vmlinuz
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-6.0-i386/images/pxeboot/initrd.img -> /var/www/cobbler/images/centos-6.0-i386/initrd.img
copying images
generating PXE configuration files
rendering DHCP files
generating /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
cleaning link caches
generating PXE menu structure
running post-sync triggers
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services
running: dhcpd -t -q
received on stdout:
received on stderr:
running: /etc/rc.d/init.d/dhcpd restart
received on stdout: Shutting down dhcpd: [? OK? ]
Starting dhcpd: [? OK? ]

received on stderr:
running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track
running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
*** TASK COMPLETE ***
cobbler會自動進行初始化工作，移除已經存在的啟動項，然后根據模板拷貝loader文件。之后再生成pxe的配置文件，生成dhcp的配置文件，最后再重啟dhcp服務。

至此，就可以使用虛擬機來測試cobbler安裝了。

本文轉自 msj0905 51CTO博客，原文鏈接:http://blog.51cto.com/sky66/1685072

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