ABP入门系列(8)——Json格式化
ABP入門系列目錄——學(xué)習(xí)Abp框架之實(shí)操演練
源碼路徑:Github-LearningMpaAbp
講完了分頁(yè)功能,這一節(jié)我們先不急著實(shí)現(xiàn)新的功能。來(lái)簡(jiǎn)要介紹下Abp中Json的用法。為什么要在這一節(jié)講呢?當(dāng)然是做鋪墊啊,后面的系列文章會(huì)經(jīng)常和Json這個(gè)東西打交道。
一、Json是干什么的
JSON(JavaScript Object Notation) 是一種輕量級(jí)的數(shù)據(jù)交換格式。 易于人閱讀和編寫(xiě)。同時(shí)也易于機(jī)器解析和生成。JSON采用完全獨(dú)立于語(yǔ)言的文本格式,但是也使用了類似于C語(yǔ)言家族的習(xí)慣(包括C, C++, C#, Java, JavaScript, Perl, Python等)。 這些特性使JSON成為理想的數(shù)據(jù)交換語(yǔ)言。
Json一般用于表示:
名稱/值對(duì):
{"firstName":"Brett","lastName":"McLaughlin","email":"aaaa"}
數(shù)組:
?
{"people":[{"firstName":"Brett","lastName":"McLaughlin","email":"aaaa"},{"firstName":"Jason","lastName":"Hunter","email":"bbbb"},{"firstName":"Elliotte","lastName":"Harold","email":"cccc"}] }二、Asp.net Mvc中的JsonResult
Asp.net mvc中默認(rèn)提供了JsonResult來(lái)處理需要返回Json格式數(shù)據(jù)的情況。
一般我們可以這樣使用:
?
public ActionResult Movies() {var movies = new List<object>();movies.Add(new { Title = "Ghostbusters", Genre = "Comedy", ReleaseDate = new DateTime(2017,1,1) });movies.Add(new { Title = "Gone with Wind", Genre = "Drama", ReleaseDate = new DateTime(2017, 1, 3) });movies.Add(new { Title = "Star Wars", Genre = "Science Fiction", ReleaseDate = new DateTime(2017, 1, 23) });return Json(movies, JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet); }其中Json()是Controller基類中提供的虛方法。
返回的json結(jié)果格式化后為:
?
[{"Title": "Ghostbusters","Genre": "Comedy","ReleaseDate": "\/Date(1483200000000)\/"},{"Title": "Gone with Wind","Genre": "Drama","ReleaseDate": "\/Date(1483372800000)\/"},{"Title": "Star Wars","Genre": "Science Fiction","ReleaseDate": "\/Date(1485100800000)\/"} ]仔細(xì)觀察返回的json結(jié)果,有以下幾點(diǎn)不足:
- 返回的字段大小寫(xiě)與代碼中一致。這就要求我們?cè)谇岸酥幸惨c代碼中用一致的大小寫(xiě)進(jìn)行取值(item.Title,item.Genre,item.ReleaseDate)。
- 不包含成功失敗信息:如果我們要判斷請(qǐng)求是否成功,我們要手動(dòng)通過(guò)獲取json數(shù)據(jù)包的length獲取。
- 返回的日期未格式化,在前端還需自行格式化輸出。
三、Abp中對(duì)Json的封裝
所以Abp封裝了AbpJsonResult繼承于JsonResult,其中主要添加了兩個(gè)屬性:
- CamelCase:大小駝峰(默認(rèn)為true,即小駝峰格式)
- Indented :是否縮進(jìn)(默認(rèn)為false,即未格式化)
并在AbpController中重載了Controller的Json()方法,強(qiáng)制所有返回的Json格式數(shù)據(jù)為AbpJsonResult類型,并提供了AbpJson()的虛方法。
?
/// <summary> /// Json the specified data, contentType, contentEncoding and behavior. /// </summary> /// <param name="data">Data.</param> /// <param name="contentType">Content type.</param> /// <param name="contentEncoding">Content encoding.</param> /// <param name="behavior">Behavior.</param> protected override JsonResult Json(object data, string contentType, Encoding contentEncoding, JsonRequestBehavior behavior) {if (_wrapResultAttribute != null && !_wrapResultAttribute.WrapOnSuccess){return base.Json(data, contentType, contentEncoding, behavior);}return AbpJson(data, contentType, contentEncoding, behavior); }protected virtual AbpJsonResult AbpJson(object data,string contentType = null,Encoding contentEncoding = null,JsonRequestBehavior behavior = JsonRequestBehavior.DenyGet,bool wrapResult = true,bool camelCase = true,bool indented = false) {if (wrapResult){if (data == null){data = new AjaxResponse();}else if (!(data is AjaxResponseBase)){data = new AjaxResponse(data);}}return new AbpJsonResult{Data = data,ContentType = contentType,ContentEncoding = contentEncoding,JsonRequestBehavior = behavior,CamelCase = camelCase,Indented = indented}; }在ABP中用Controler繼承自AbpController,直接使用return Json(),將返回Json結(jié)果格式化后:
?
{"result": [{"title": "Ghostbusters","genre": "Comedy","releaseDate": "2017-01-01T00:00:00"},{"title": "Gone with Wind","genre": "Drama","releaseDate": "2017-01-03T00:00:00"},{"title": "Star Wars","genre": "Science Fiction","releaseDate": "2017-01-23T00:00:00"}],"targetUrl": null,"success": true,"error": null,"unAuthorizedRequest": false,"__abp": true }其中result為代碼中指定返回的數(shù)據(jù)。其他幾個(gè)鍵值對(duì)是ABP封裝的,包含了是否認(rèn)證、是否成功、錯(cuò)誤信息,以及目標(biāo)Url。這幾個(gè)參數(shù)是不是很sweet。
也可以通過(guò)調(diào)用return AbpJson()來(lái)指定參數(shù)進(jìn)行json格式化輸出。
仔細(xì)觀察會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)日期格式還是怪怪的。2017-01-23T00:00:00,多了一個(gè)T。查看AbpJsonReult源碼發(fā)現(xiàn)調(diào)用的是Newtonsoft.Json序列化組件中的JsonConvert.SerializeObject(obj, settings);進(jìn)行序列化。
查看Newtonsoft.Json官網(wǎng)介紹,日期格式化輸出,需要指定IsoDateTimeConverter的DateTimeFormat即可。
?
IsoDateTimeConverter timeFormat = new IsoDateTimeConverter();timeFormat.DateTimeFormat = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss";JsonConvert.SerializeObject(dt, Formatting.Indented, timeFormat)那在我們Abp中我們?cè)趺慈ブ付ㄟ@個(gè)DateTimeFormat呢?
ABP中提供了AbpDateTimeConverter類繼承自IsoDateTimeConverter。
但查看ABP中集成的Json序列化擴(kuò)展類:
?
public static class JsonExtensions{/// <summary>Converts given object to JSON string.</summary>/// <returns></returns>public static string ToJsonString(this object obj, bool camelCase = false, bool indented = false){JsonSerializerSettings settings = new JsonSerializerSettings();if (camelCase)settings.ContractResolver = (IContractResolver) new CamelCasePropertyNamesContractResolver();if (indented)settings.Formatting = Formatting.Indented;settings.Converters.Insert(0, (JsonConverter) new AbpDateTimeConverter());return JsonConvert.SerializeObject(obj, settings);}}明顯沒(méi)有指定DateTimeFormat,那我們就只能自己動(dòng)手了,具體代碼請(qǐng)參考4種解決json日期格式問(wèn)題的辦法的第四種辦法。
當(dāng)有異常發(fā)生時(shí),Abp返回的Json格式化輸出以下結(jié)果:
?
{"targetUrl": null,"result": null,"success": false,"error": {"message": "An internal error occured during your request!","details": "..."},"unAuthorizedRequest": false }當(dāng)不需要abp對(duì)json進(jìn)行封裝包裹怎么辦?
簡(jiǎn)單。只需要在方法上標(biāo)記[DontWrapResult]特性即可。這個(gè)特性其實(shí)是一個(gè)快捷方式用來(lái)告訴ABP不要用AbpJsonResult包裹我,看源碼就明白了:
?
namespace Abp.Web.Models {[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Class | AttributeTargets.Interface | AttributeTargets.Method)]public class DontWrapResultAttribute : WrapResultAttribute{/// <summary>/// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="DontWrapResultAttribute"/> class./// </summary>public DontWrapResultAttribute(): base(false, false){}}/// <summary>/// Used to determine how ABP should wrap response on the web layer./// </summary>[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Class | AttributeTargets.Interface | AttributeTargets.Method)]public class WrapResultAttribute : Attribute{/// <summary>/// Wrap result on success./// </summary>public bool WrapOnSuccess { get; set; }/// <summary>/// Wrap result on error./// </summary>public bool WrapOnError { get; set; }/// <summary>/// Log errors./// Default: true./// </summary>public bool LogError { get; set; }/// <summary>/// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="WrapResultAttribute"/> class./// </summary>/// <param name="wrapOnSuccess">Wrap result on success.</param>/// <param name="wrapOnError">Wrap result on error.</param>public WrapResultAttribute(bool wrapOnSuccess = true, bool wrapOnError = true){WrapOnSuccess = wrapOnSuccess;WrapOnError = wrapOnError;LogError = true;}} }在AbpResultFilter和AbpExceptionFilter過(guò)濾器中會(huì)根據(jù)WrapResultAttribute、DontWrapResultAttribute特性進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的過(guò)濾。
四、Json日期格式化
第一種辦法:前端JS轉(zhuǎn)換:
?
//格式化顯示json日期格式function showDate(jsonDate) {var date = new Date(jsonDate);var formatDate = date.toDateString();return formatDate;}第二種辦法:在Abp的WepApiModule(模塊)中指定JsonFormatter的時(shí)間序列化時(shí)間格式。(已失效)
?
GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.Formatters.JsonFormatter.SerializerSettings.DateFormatString ="yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss";PS:這種方法僅對(duì)WebApi有效。
第三種辦法:
?
var converters = Configuration.Modules.AbpWebApi().HttpConfiguration.Formatters.JsonFormatter.SerializerSettings.Converters;foreach (var converter in converters){if (converter is AbpDateTimeConverter){var tmpConverter = converter as AbpDateTimeConverter;tmpConverter.DateTimeFormat = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss";} }總結(jié)
本節(jié)主要講解了以下幾個(gè)問(wèn)題:
- Web層通過(guò)拓展AbpJsonResult,指定時(shí)間格式。
- 前端,通過(guò)將Json日期轉(zhuǎn)換為js的Date類型,再格式化輸出。
- WebApi,通過(guò)在Moduel中指定DateFormatString。
作者:圣杰
鏈接:https://www.jianshu.com/p/27691ee13851
來(lái)源:簡(jiǎn)書(shū)
著作權(quán)歸作者所有。商業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)聯(lián)系作者獲得授權(quán),非商業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處。
總結(jié)
以上是生活随笔為你收集整理的ABP入门系列(8)——Json格式化的全部?jī)?nèi)容,希望文章能夠幫你解決所遇到的問(wèn)題。
- 上一篇: 美债遭海外买家大量抛售,我国债券却获外资
- 下一篇: 信用卡额度被降还能恢复吗