Rsyslog 日志相关内容
[root@server vusers_home]# rpm -ql rsyslog|more ? ? ? ###.so結(jié)尾為模塊，模塊有分im為輸入模塊，om 為輸出模塊
/etc/logrotate.d/syslog
/etc/pki/rsyslog
/etc/rc.d/init.d/rsyslog
/etc/rsyslog.conf
/etc/rsyslog.d
/etc/sysconfig/rsyslog
/lib64/rsyslog
/lib64/rsyslog/imfile.so
/lib64/rsyslog/imklog.so
/lib64/rsyslog/immark.so
/lib64/rsyslog/impstats.so
/lib64/rsyslog/imptcp.so
/lib64/rsyslog/imtcp.so
/lib64/rsyslog/imudp.so
/lib64/rsyslog/imuxsock.so
/lib64/rsyslog/lmnet.so
/lib64/rsyslog/lmnetstrms.so
/lib64/rsyslog/lmnsd_ptcp.so
/lib64/rsyslog/lmregexp.so
/lib64/rsyslog/lmstrmsrv.so
/lib64/rsyslog/lmtcpclt.so
/lib64/rsyslog/lmtcpsrv.so
/lib64/rsyslog/lmzlibw.so
/lib64/rsyslog/ommail.so
/lib64/rsyslog/omprog.so
/lib64/rsyslog/omruleset.so
/lib64/rsyslog/omtesting.so
/lib64/rsyslog/omuxsock.so
/lib64/rsyslog/pmlastmsg.so
/sbin/rsyslogd
......
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主程序：rsyslogd
配置文件：/etc/rsyslog.conf
服務(wù)腳本：/etc/rc.d/init.d/rsyslog
/var/log/dmesg #是用來記錄系統(tǒng)啟動日志的
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rsyslog.conf(配置文件)
RULES:
facility.priority target
日志收集方：
facility：設(shè)施，從功能或程序上對日志進行分類；
auth, authpriv, cron, daemon, kern, lpr, mail, mark, news, security, user, uucp, local0-local7, syslog
priority
debug, info, notice, warn(warning), err(error), crit(critical), alert, emerg(panic)
示例：
*.info;mail.none;authpriv.none;cron.none /var/log/messages
# The authpriv file has restricted access.
authpriv.* /var/log/secure
# Log all the mail messages in one place.
mail.* -/var/log/maillog
# Log cron stuff
cron.* ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? /var/log/cron
# Everybody gets emergency messages
*.emerg ?*
# Save news errors of level crit and higher in a special file.
uucp,news.crit /var/log/spooler
# Save boot messages also to boot.log
local7.* /var/log/boot.log
指定級別：
*: 所有級別
none: 沒有級別
priority: 此級別及更高級別的日志信息
=priority：此級別
target:
文件路徑：記錄于指定的日志文件中，通常應(yīng)該在/var/log目錄下；文件路徑前的“-”表示異步寫入；
用戶：將日志通知給指定用戶
*: 所有用戶
日志服務(wù)器：@host
host: 必須要監(jiān)聽在tcp或udp協(xié)議514端口上提供服務(wù)；
管道： |COMMAND
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測試實例：
ssh 服務(wù)單獨記錄一個日志文件：
[root@server vusers_home]# vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config?
# Logging
# obsoletes QuietMode and FascistLogging
#SyslogFacility AUTH
#SyslogFacility AUTHPRIV
SyslogFacility local2 ? ? ? ? ? ?#將原有的換成local2
[root@server vusers_home]# service sshd reload
Reloading sshd: [ OK ]
[root@server vusers_home]# vim /etc/rsyslog.conf
# Save boot messages also to boot.log
local7.* ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? /var/log/boot.log
local2.* ? /var/log/sshd.log
[root@server vusers_home]# service rsyslog restart
Shutting down system logger: [ OK ]
Starting system logger: [ OK ]
在另外一個端口重新登錄并查看日志：
[root@server vusers_home]# cat /var/log/sshd.log
May 18 16:04:50 server sshd[5290]: reverse mapping checking getaddrinfo for bogon [192.168.244.2] failed - POSSIBLE BREAK-IN ATTEMPT!
May 18 16:04:50 server sshd[5290]: Accepted password for root from 192.168.244.2 port 62797 ssh2
[root@server vusers_home]# cat /var/log/sshd.log
May 18 16:04:50 server sshd[5290]: reverse mapping checking getaddrinfo for bogon [192.168.244.2] failed - POSSIBLE BREAK-IN ATTEMPT!
May 18 16:04:50 server sshd[5290]: Accepted password for root from 192.168.244.2 port 62797 ssh2
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文件記錄的日志的格式：
事件產(chǎn)生的日期時間 主機 進程(pid)：事件內(nèi)容
例：
May 18 16:02:27 server sshd[5239]: Server listening on :: port 22.
May 18 16:03:46 server kernel: Kernel logging (proc) stopped.
有些日志記錄二進制格式：/var/log/wtmp，/var/log/btmp
/var/log/wtmp: 當(dāng)前系統(tǒng)上成功登錄的日志；
last
例子：
[root@server ~]# last
root pts/1 192.168.244.2 Thu May 18 16:04 still logged in
root pts/1 192.168.244.2 Thu May 18 16:04 - 16:04 (00:00)
root pts/0 192.168.244.2 Thu May 18 10:40 - 16:37 (05:56)
root pts/0 192.168.244.2 Wed May 17 11:43 - 10:39 (22:55)
root pts/1 192.168.244.2 Mon Jun 13 19:19 - 11:24 (337+16:05)
root pts/0 192.168.244.2 Mon Jun 13 18:57 - 11:24 (337+16:27)
root pts/1 192.168.244.2 Mon Jun 13 08:55 - 18:45 (09:50)
root pts/0 192.168.244.2 Mon Jun 13 03:59 - 10:45 (06:46)
reboot system boot 2.6.32-573.el6.x Mon Jun 13 03:58 - 16:37 (339+12:39)
root pts/1 192.168.244.2 Sun Jun 12 23:58 - down (03:59)
root pts/0 192.168.244.2 Sun Jun 12 23:39 - 01:52 (02:13)
root tty1 Sun Jun 12 23:28 - down (04:29)
reboot system boot 2.6.32-573.el6.x Sun Jun 12 23:27 - 03:57 (04:30)
root tty1 Sun Jun 12 23:26 - down (00:01)
reboot system boot 2.6.32-573.el6.x Sun Jun 12 23:25 - 23:27 (00:01)
/var/log/btmp：當(dāng)前系統(tǒng)上失敗的登錄嘗試；
lastb
[root@server ~]# lastb
root ssh:notty 192.168.244.101 Thu May 18 16:33 - 16:33 (00:00)
lastlog命令：顯示當(dāng)前系統(tǒng)每一個用戶最近一次的登錄時間；
例子：
[root@server ~]# lastlog
Username Port From Latest
root pts/0 192.168.244.2 Thu May 18 16:37:34 +0800 2017
bin **Never logged in**
daemon **Never logged in**
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####日志服務(wù)器如何完成（也就是如何作為收集其他機器日志信息的日志服務(wù)器）#############
環(huán)境：日志服務(wù)器：192.168.244.100
? ? ? ? 被收集服務(wù)器：192.168.244.101
#要成為rsyslog只需打開監(jiān)聽模塊即可
[root@192.168.244.100 ~]# vim /etc/rsyslog.conf ? #需要監(jiān)聽514端口，用udp還是tcp可自選
# Provides UDP syslog reception
$ModLoad imudp
$UDPServerRun 514
# Provides TCP syslog reception
$ModLoad imtcp
$InputTCPServerRun 514
[root@server ~]# netstat -lntup
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:514 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 5407/rsyslogd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2785/mysqld
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:21 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 5112/vsftpd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 5239/sshd
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1389/master
tcp 0 0 :::514 :::* LISTEN 5407/rsyslogd
tcp 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 5239/sshd
tcp 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 1389/master
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:514 0.0.0.0:* 5407/rsyslogd
udp 0 0 :::514 :::* 5407/rsyslogd
[root@192.168.244.101 ~]# vi /etc/rsyslog.conf
#*.info;mail.none;authpriv.none;cron.none ?/var/log/messages
*.info;mail.none;authpriv.none;cron.none ?@192.168.244.100 ? ?
[root@192.168.244.101 ~]# service rsyslog restart?
[root@192.168.244.101 ~]# yum install -y vsftpd?
在rsyslog服務(wù)器的/var/log/message上可以看到： ?
[root@192.168.244.100 ~]# tail -f /var/log/messages
May 18 05:19:29 localhost yum[5817]: Installed: vsftpd-3.0.2-21.el7.x86_64
注意點：如果有防火墻，需放行514端口
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#####################如何讓rsyslog服務(wù)器將日志記錄到遠端mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫中#####################
環(huán)境：
mysql-server:192.168.244.101
rsyslog-server:192.168.244.100
[root@server ~]# ip addr|grep global
inet 192.168.244.100/24 brd 192.168.244.255 scope global eth0
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[root@centos7 ~]# ip addr|grep inet|grep global
inet 192.168.244.101/24 brd 192.168.244.255 scope global eno16777736
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[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -qa mariadb
mariadb-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64
[root@centos7 ~]# ss -tnl|grep 3306
LISTEN 0 50 *:3306 *:*
[root@server src]# yum list all rsyslog* ? ?#查看相關(guān)包，最主要的需要rsyslog-mysql 這個程序包，連接mysql的驅(qū)動
rsyslog-mysql.x86_64 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 5.8.10-10.el6_6 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?base?
[root@server ~]# yum install -y rsyslog-mysql
[root@server ~]# rpm -ql rsyslog-mysql
/lib64/rsyslog/ommysql.so ? ? ? ? ? ? #模塊
/usr/share/doc/rsyslog-mysql-5.8.10
/usr/share/doc/rsyslog-mysql-5.8.10/createDB.sql ? ?#mysql命令包，需要在mysql中運行
[root@centos7 ~]# mysql ? ? ? ?#登陸mysql-server 為sysloguser 這個用戶授權(quán)
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 5
Server version: 5.5.52-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on Syslog.* to 'sysloguser'@'192.168.%.%' identified by 'syslogpass';
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[root@centos7 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf ?#增加如下兩行
[mysqld]
skip_name_resolve = on
innodb_file_per_table = on
[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl restart mariadb.service ?#重啟mysql-server
[root@server ~]# mysql -usysloguser -h192.168.244.101 -p ? ?#在rsyslog服務(wù)器連接測試mysql-server中新建的用戶可連接性
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.5.52-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
接下來導(dǎo)入下面的sql 包：
[root@server ~]# mysql -usysloguser -h192.168.244.101 -p < /usr/share/doc/rsyslog-mysql-5.8.10/createDB.sql ??
[root@server ~]# mysql -usysloguser -h192.168.244.101 -p ? ? #登陸mysql-server 查看操作是否成功，Syslog庫是否建立
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.5.52-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| Syslog |
| test |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use Syslog;
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+------------------------+
| Tables_in_Syslog |
+------------------------+
| SystemEvents |
| SystemEventsProperties |
+------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> desc SystemEvents;
+--------------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+--------------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| ID | int(10) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| CustomerID | bigint(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| ReceivedAt | datetime | YES | | NULL | |
| DeviceReportedTime | datetime | YES | | NULL | |
| Facility | smallint(6) | YES | | NULL | |
| Priority | smallint(6) | YES | | NULL | |
| FromHost | varchar(60) | YES | | NULL | |
| Message | text | YES | | NULL | |
| NTSeverity | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |
| Importance | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |
| EventSource | varchar(60) | YES | | NULL | |
| EventUser | varchar(60) | YES | | NULL | |
| EventCategory | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |
| EventID | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |
| EventBinaryData | text | YES | | NULL | |
| MaxAvailable | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |
| CurrUsage | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |
| MinUsage | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |
| MaxUsage | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |
| InfoUnitID | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |
| SysLogTag | varchar(60) | YES | | NULL | |
| EventLogType | varchar(60) | YES | | NULL | |
| GenericFileName | varchar(60) | YES | | NULL | |
| SystemID | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |
+--------------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
24 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> desc SystemEventsProperties;
+---------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+---------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| ID | int(10) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| SystemEventID | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |
| ParamName | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
| ParamValue | text | YES | | NULL | |
+---------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql>
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##################接下里配置rsyslog服務(wù)器能使用mysql###################
[root@server ~]# vim /etc/rsyslog.conf ? ? #編輯文件，在MODULES 里，增加一行
#### MODULES ####
$ModLoad ommysql
#### RULES ####
#*.info;mail.none;authpriv.none;cron.none ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?/var/log/messages
*.info;mail.none;authpriv.none;cron.none ? ? ? ? ?:ommysql:192.168.244.101,Syslog,sysloguser,syslogpass
注釋：:ommysql:192.168.244.101,Syslog,sysloguser,syslogpass ??
?輸出到mysql模塊：mysql地址，數(shù)據(jù)庫名，數(shù)據(jù)庫登陸名，數(shù)據(jù)庫登陸密碼
[root@server ~]# /etc/init.d/rsyslog restart ? ?#重啟rsyslog
[root@server ~]# yum install -y zile ??
[root@centos7 ~]# mysql ? ?#mysql-server #查看安裝zile是否有記錄
MariaDB [Syslog]> select count(*) from SystemEvents;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
| 4 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
MariaDB [Syslog]> select count(*) from SystemEventsProperties;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
| 0 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [Syslog]> select * from SystemEvents\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
ID: 1
CustomerID: NULL
ReceivedAt: 2017-05-18 18:25:57
DeviceReportedTime: 2017-05-18 18:25:57
Facility: 0
Priority: 6
FromHost: server
Message: imklog 5.8.10, log source = /proc/kmsg started.
NTSeverity: NULL
Importance: NULL
EventSource: NULL
EventUser: NULL
EventCategory: NULL
EventID: NULL
EventBinaryData: NULL
MaxAvailable: NULL
CurrUsage: NULL
MinUsage: NULL
MaxUsage: NULL
InfoUnitID: 1
SysLogTag: kernel:
EventLogType: NULL
GenericFileName: NULL
SystemID: NULL
*************************** 2. row ***************************
ID: 2
CustomerID: NULL
ReceivedAt: 2017-05-18 18:25:57
DeviceReportedTime: 2017-05-18 18:25:57
Facility: 5
Priority: 6
FromHost: server
Message: [origin software="rsyslogd" swVersion="5.8.10" x-pid="5626" x-info="http://www.rsyslog.com"] start
NTSeverity: NULL
Importance: NULL
EventSource: NULL
EventUser: NULL
EventCategory: NULL
EventID: NULL
EventBinaryData: NULL
MaxAvailable: NULL
CurrUsage: NULL
MinUsage: NULL
MaxUsage: NULL
InfoUnitID: 1
SysLogTag: rsyslogd:
EventLogType: NULL
GenericFileName: NULL
SystemID: NULL
*************************** 3. row ***************************
ID: 3
CustomerID: NULL
ReceivedAt: 2017-05-18 18:28:51
DeviceReportedTime: 2017-05-18 18:28:51
Facility: 1
Priority: 6
FromHost: server
Message: Installed: gc-7.1-12.el6_4.x86_64
NTSeverity: NULL
Importance: NULL
EventSource: NULL
EventUser: NULL
EventCategory: NULL
EventID: NULL
EventBinaryData: NULL
MaxAvailable: NULL
CurrUsage: NULL
MinUsage: NULL
MaxUsage: NULL
InfoUnitID: 1
SysLogTag: yum[5666]:
EventLogType: NULL
GenericFileName: NULL
SystemID: NULL
*************************** 4. row ***************************
ID: 4
CustomerID: NULL
ReceivedAt: 2017-05-18 18:28:51
DeviceReportedTime: 2017-05-18 18:28:51
Facility: 1
Priority: 6
FromHost: server
Message: Installed: zile-2.4.9-1.el6.x86_64
NTSeverity: NULL
Importance: NULL
EventSource: NULL
EventUser: NULL
EventCategory: NULL
EventID: NULL
EventBinaryData: NULL
MaxAvailable: NULL
CurrUsage: NULL
MinUsage: NULL
MaxUsage: NULL
InfoUnitID: 1
SysLogTag: yum[5666]:
EventLogType: NULL
GenericFileName: NULL
SystemID: NULL
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
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###################安裝loganalyzer##################
[root@server ~]# yum install -y httpd php php-mysql ?php-gd(后面數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計，出圖形需要用到)
[root@server ~]# netstat -ant
tcp ? ? ? ?0 ? ? ?0 :::80 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? :::* ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?LISTEN?
測試下php,與mysql的連通性：
[root@server ~]# cd /var/www/html/
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root
[root@server html]# ll
total 8
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 329 May 18 18:45 index.php
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 20 May 18 18:42 phpinfo.php
[root@server html]# cat phpinfo.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
[root@server html]# cat index.php
<?php
$conn = mysql_connect('192.168.244.101','sysloguser','syslogpass');
if ($conn)
echo "OK";
else
echo "Failure";
mysql_close();
?>
[root@server ~]# curl 192.168.244.100/index.php ? ? ?#可以連接上數(shù)據(jù)庫
OK
[root@server ~]# curl -I 192.168.244.100/phpinfo.php ? #訪問php頁面OK
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
################安裝LogAnalyzer#################
[root@server ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@server src]# wget http://download.adiscon.com/loganalyzer/loganalyzer-3.6.5.tar.gz
[root@server src]# mv loganalyzer-3.6.5 /var/www/html/loganalyzer
[root@server src]# cd /var/www/html/loganalyzer/
[root@server ~]# cd /var/www/html/loganalyzer/contrib/
[root@server contrib]# cat configure.sh
#!/bin/sh
touch config.php
chmod 666 config.php
[root@server contrib]# chmod +x *.sh
[root@server contrib]# ./configure.sh ? ? ?#讓其生成config.php 文件
[root@server src]# chmod 666 config.php
[root@server src]# pwd
/var/www/html/loganalyzer/src
[root@server src]# ll config.php
-rw-rw-rw- 1 root root 0 May 19 15:02 config.php
然后去瀏覽器操作：
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完成！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！
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大致總結(jié)下過程：
配置使用基于mysql存儲日志信息：
(1) 準(zhǔn)備好MySQL服務(wù)器，創(chuàng)建用戶，授權(quán)對Syslog數(shù)據(jù)庫的全部訪問權(quán)限；
(2) 安裝rsyslog-mysql程序包；
(3) 創(chuàng)建rsyslog-mysql依賴的數(shù)據(jù)庫；
# mysql -uUSERNAME -hHOST -pPASSWORD < /usr/share/doc/rsyslog-mysql-VERSION/createDB.sql
(4) 配置rsyslog使用ommysql模塊
#### MODULES ####
$ModLoad ommysql
#### RULES ####
facility.priority :ommysql:DBHOST,DB,DBUSER,USERPASS
重啟rsyslog服務(wù)
(5) 安裝loganalyzer
(a) 配置webserver, 支持php
# yum install httpd php php-mysql php-gd
# service httpd start
(b) loganalyzer
# cp -r loganalyzer-3.6.5/src /var/www/html/loganalyzer
# cp loganalyzer-3.6.5/contrib/*.sh /var/www/html/loganalyzer
# cd /var/www/html/loganalyzer
# chmod +x *.sh
# ./configure.sh
# ./secure.sh
# chmod 666 config.php
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轉(zhuǎn)載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/shanhua-fu/p/6873960.html
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