C语言字符串函数大全
轉載自http://www.360doc.com/content/08/0723/22/26860_1462024.shtml#
C語言字符串函數大全
函數名: stpcpy
功能: 拷貝一個字符串到另一個
用法: char *stpcpy(char *destin, char *source);
程序例:
?
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
?
int main(void)
{
??? char string[10];
??? char *str1 = "abcdefghi";
?
??? stpcpy(string, str1);
??? printf("%s\n", string);
??? return 0;
}
?
函數名: strcat
功能: 字符串拼接函數
用法: char *strcat(char *destin, char *source);
程序例:
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#include<string.h>
#include<stdio.h>
?
int main(void)
{
??? char destination[25];
??? char *blank = " ", *c = "C++", *Borland = "Borland";
?
??? strcpy(destination, Borland);
??? strcat(destination, blank);
??? strcat(destination, c);
?
??? printf("%s\n", destination);
??? return 0;
}
?
函數名: strchr
功能: 在一個串中查找給定字符的第一個匹配之處
用法: char *strchr(char *str, char c);
程序例:
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#include<string.h>
#include<stdio.h>
?
int main(void)
{
??? char string[15];
??? char *ptr, c = ‘r‘;
?
??? strcpy(string, "This is a string");
??? ptr = strchr(string, c);
??? if (ptr)
??? printf("The character %c is at position: %d\n", c, ptr-string);
??? else
??? printf("The character was not found\n");
??? return 0;
}
?
函數名: strcmp
功能: 串比較
用法: int strcmp(char *str1, char *str2);
看Asic碼，str1>str2，返回值 > 0；兩串相等，返回0
程序例:
?
#include<string.h>
#include<stdio.h>
?
int main(void)
{
??? char *buf1 = "aaa", *buf2 = "bbb", *buf3 = "ccc";
??? int ptr;
?
??? ptr = strcmp(buf2, buf1);
??? if (ptr > 0)
??? printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n");
??? else
??? printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");
?
??? ptr = strcmp(buf2, buf3);
??? if (ptr > 0)
??? printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 3\n");
??? else
??? printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 3\n");
?
??? return 0;
}
?
函數名: strncmpi
功能: 將一個串中的一部分與另一個串比較, 不管大小寫
用法: int strncmpi(char *str1, char *str2, unsigned maxlen);
程序例:
?
#include<string.h>
#include<stdio.h>
?
int main(void)
{
??? char *buf1 = "BBB", *buf2 = "bbb";
??? int ptr;
?
??? ptr = strcmpi(buf2, buf1);
?
??? if (ptr > 0)
??? printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n");
?
??? if (ptr < 0)
??? printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");
?
??? if (ptr == 0)
??? printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1\n");
?
??? return 0;
}
?
函數名: strcpy
功能: 串拷貝
用法: char *strcpy(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
?
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
?
int main(void)
{
??? char string[10];
??? char *str1 = "abcdefghi";
?
??? strcpy(string, str1);
??? printf("%s\n", string);
??? return 0;
}
?
函數名: strcspn
功能: 在串中查找第一個給定字符集內容的段
用法: int strcspn(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
?
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<alloc.h>
?
int main(void)
{
??? char *string1 = "1234567890";
??? char *string2 = "747DC8";
??? int length;
?
??? length = strcspn(string1, string2);
??? printf("Character where strings intersect is at position %d\n", length);
?
??? return 0;
}
?
函數名: strdup
功能: 將串拷貝到新建的位置處
用法: char *strdup(char *str);
程序例:
?
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<alloc.h>
?
int main(void)
{
??? char *dup_str, *string = "abcde";
?
??? dup_str = strdup(string);
??? printf("%s\n", dup_str);
??? free(dup_str);
?
??? return 0;
}
?
函數名: stricmp
功能: 以大小寫不敏感方式比較兩個串
用法: int stricmp(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
?
#include<string.h>
#include<stdio.h>
?
int main(void)
{
??? char *buf1 = "BBB", *buf2 = "bbb";
??? int ptr;
?
??? ptr = stricmp(buf2, buf1);
?
??? if (ptr > 0)
??? printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n");
?
??? if (ptr < 0)
??? printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");
?
??? if (ptr == 0)
??? printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1\n");
?
??? return 0;
}
?
函數名: strerror
功能: 返回指向錯誤信息字符串的指針
用法: char *strerror(int errnum);
程序例:
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#include<stdio.h>
#include<errno.h>
?
int main(void)
{
??? char *buffer;
??? buffer = strerror(errno);
??? printf("Error: %s\n", buffer);
??? return 0;
}
?
函數名: strcmpi
功能: 將一個串與另一個比較, 不管大小寫
用法: int strcmpi(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
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#include<string.h>
#include<stdio.h>
?
int main(void)
{
??? char *buf1 = "BBB", *buf2 = "bbb";
??? int ptr;
?
??? ptr = strcmpi(buf2, buf1);
?
??? if (ptr > 0)
??? printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n");
?
??? if (ptr < 0)
??? printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");
?
??? if (ptr == 0)
??? printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1\n");
?
??? return 0;
}
?
函數名: strncmp
功能: 串比較
用法: int strncmp(char *str1, char *str2, int maxlen);
程序例:
?
#include<string.h>
#include<stdio.h>
?
int main(void)
?
{
??? char *buf1 = "aaabbb", *buf2 = "bbbccc", *buf3 = "ccc";
??? int ptr;
?
??? ptr = strncmp(buf2,buf1,3);
??? if (ptr > 0)
??? printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n");
??? else
??? printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");
?
??? ptr = strncmp(buf2,buf3,3);
??? if (ptr > 0)
??? printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 3\n");
??? else
??? printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 3\n");
?
??? return(0);
}
?
函數名: strncmpi
功能: 把串中的一部分與另一串中的一部分比較, 不管大小寫
用法: int strncmpi(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
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#include<string.h>
#include<stdio.h>
?
int main(void)
{
??? char *buf1 = "BBBccc", *buf2 = "bbbccc";
??? int ptr;
?
??? ptr = strncmpi(buf2,buf1,3);
?
??? if (ptr > 0)
??? printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n");
?
??? if (ptr < 0)
??? printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");
?
??? if (ptr == 0)
??? printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1\n");
?
??? return 0;
}
?
函數名: strncpy
功能: 串拷貝
用法: char *strncpy(char *destin, char *source, int maxlen);
程序例:
?
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
?
int main(void)
{
??? char string[10];
??? char *str1 = "abcdefghi";
?
??? strncpy(string, str1, 3);
??? string[3] = ‘\0‘;
??? printf("%s\n", string);
??? return 0;
}
?
函數名: strnicmp
功能: 不注重大小寫地比較兩個串
用法: int strnicmp(char *str1, char *str2, unsigned maxlen);
程序例:
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#include<string.h>
#include<stdio.h>
?
int main(void)
{
??? char *buf1 = "BBBccc", *buf2 = "bbbccc";
??? int ptr;
?
??? ptr = strnicmp(buf2, buf1, 3);
?
??? if (ptr > 0)
??? printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n");
?
??? if (ptr < 0)
??? printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");
?
??? if (ptr == 0)
??? printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1\n");
?
??? return 0;
}
?
函數名: strnset
功能: 將一個串中的所有字符都設為指定字符
用法: char *strnset(char *str, char ch, unsigned n);
程序例:
?
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
?
int main(void)
{
??? char *string = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
??? char letter = ‘x‘;
?
??? printf("string before strnset: %s\n", string);
??? strnset(string, letter, 13);
??? printf("string after? strnset: %s\n", string);
?
??? return 0;
}
?
函數名: strpbrk
功能: 在串中查找給定字符集中的字符
用法: char *strpbrk(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
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#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
?
int main(void)
{
??? char *string1 = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
??? char *string2 = "onm";
??? char *ptr;
?
??? ptr = strpbrk(string1, string2);
?
??? if (ptr)
??? printf("strpbrk found first character: %c\n", *ptr);
??? else
??? printf("strpbrk didn‘t find character in set\n");
?
??? return 0;
}
?
函數名: strrchr
功能: 在串中查找指定字符的最后一個出現
用法: char *strrchr(char *str, char c);
程序例:
?
#include<string.h>
#include<stdio.h>
?
int main(void)
{
??? char string[15];
??? char *ptr, c = ‘r‘;
?
??? strcpy(string, "This is a string");
??? ptr = strrchr(string, c);
??? if (ptr)
??? printf("The character %c is at position: %d\n", c, ptr-string);
??? else
??? printf("The character was not found\n");
??? return 0;
}
?
函數名: strrev
功能: 串倒轉
用法: char *strrev(char *str);
程序例:
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#include<string.h>
#include<stdio.h>
?
int main(void)
{
??? char *forward = "string";
?
??? printf("Before strrev(): %s\n", forward);
??? strrev(forward);
??? printf("After strrev():? %s\n", forward);
??? return 0;
}
?
函數名: strset
功能: 將一個串中的所有字符都設為指定字符
用法: char *strset(char *str, char c);
程序例:
?
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
?
int main(void)
{
??? char string[10] = "123456789";
??? char symbol = ‘c‘;
?
??? printf("Before strset(): %s\n", string);
??? strset(string, symbol);
??? printf("After strset():? %s\n", string);
??? return 0;
}
?
函數名: strspn
功能: 在串中查找指定字符集的子集的第一次出現
用法: int strspn(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
?
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<alloc.h>
?
int main(void)
{
??? char *string1 = "1234567890";
??? char *string2 = "123DC8";
??? int length;
?
??? length = strspn(string1, string2);
??? printf("Character where strings differ is at position %d\n", length);
??? return 0;
}
?
函數名: strstr
功能: 在串中查找指定字符串的第一次出現
用法: char *strstr(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
?
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
?
int main(void)
{
??? char *str1 = "Borland International", *str2 = "nation", *ptr;
?
??? ptr = strstr(str1, str2);
??? printf("The substring is: %s\n", ptr);
??? return 0;
}
?
函數名: strtod
功能: 將字符串轉換為double型值
用法: double strtod(char *str, char **endptr);
程序例:
?
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
?
int main(void)
{
??? char input[80], *endptr;
??? double value;
?
??? printf("Enter a floating point number:");
??? gets(input);
??? value = strtod(input, &endptr);
??? printf("The string is %s the number is %lf\n", input, value);
??? return 0;
}
?
函數名: strtok
功能: 查找由在第二個串中指定的分界符分隔開的單詞
用法: char *strtok(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
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#include<string.h>
#include<stdio.h>
?
int main(void)
{
??? char input[16] = "abc,d";
??? char *p;
?
??? /* strtok places a NULL terminator
??? ?in front of the token, if found */
??? p = strtok(input, ",");
??? if (p) printf("%s\n", p);
?
??? /* A second call to strtok using a NULL
??? ?as the first parameter returns a pointer
??? ?to the character following the token? */
??? p = strtok(NULL, ",");
??? if (p) printf("%s\n", p);
??? return 0;
}
?
函數名: strtol
功能: 將串轉換為長整數
用法: long strtol(char *str, char **endptr, int base);
程序例:
?
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<stdio.h>
?
int main(void)
{
??? char *string = "87654321", *endptr;
??? long lnumber;
?
??? /* strtol converts string to long integer? */
??? lnumber = strtol(string, &endptr, 10);
??? printf("string = %s? long = %ld\n", string, lnumber);
?
??? return 0;
}
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函數名: strupr
功能: 將串中的小寫字母轉換為大寫字母
用法: char *strupr(char *str);
程序例:
?
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
?
int main(void)
{
??? char *string = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz", *ptr;
?
??? /* converts string to upper case characters */
??? ptr = strupr(string);
??? printf("%s\n", ptr);
??? return 0;
}
?
函數名: swab
功能: 交換字節
用法: void swab (char *from, char *to, int nbytes);
程序例:
?
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
?
char source[15] = "rFna koBlrna d";
char target[15];
?
int main(void)
{
??? swab(source, target, strlen(source));
??? printf("This is target: %s\n", target);
??? return 0;
}
轉載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/Karma-wjc/p/4023075.html
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