left join on and 与 left join on where的区别
數據庫在通過連接兩張或多張表來返回記錄時,都會生成一張中間的臨時表,然后再將這張臨時表返回給用戶。
????? 在使用left jion時,on和where條件的區別如下:
1、 on條件是在生成臨時表時使用的條件,它不管on中的條件是否為真,都會返回左邊表中的記錄。
2、where條件是在臨時表生成好后,再對臨時表進行過濾的條件。這時已經沒有left join的含義(必須返回左邊表的記錄)了,條件不為真的就全部過濾掉。
?????? 假設有兩張表:
表1 tab1:
id size
1 10
2 20
3 30
表2 tab2:
size name
10 AAA
20 BBB
20 CCC
兩條SQL:
1、select * formtab1 left join tab2 on (tab1.size = tab2.size) where tab2.name=’AAA’
2、select * formtab1 left join tab2 on (tab1.size = tab2.size and tab2.name=’AAA’)
第一條SQL的過程:
1、中間表
on條件:?
tab1.size = tab2.size
tab1.id??? tab1.size???tab2.size???? tab2.name
1??????????????10??????????????????10??????????????AAA
2?????????????20????????????????????20???????????? BBB
2????????????20?????????????????????20??????????????CCC
3????????????30???????????????????(null)?????????????(null)
2、再對中間表過濾
where 條件:
tab2.name=’AAA’
tab1.id??????tab1.size???????tab2.size???? tab2.name
1?????????????????10?????????????????10?????????????AAA
第二條SQL的過程:
1、中間表
on條件:?
tab1.size = tab2.size and tab2.name=’AAA’
(條件不為真也會返回左表中的記錄)
tab1.id????? tab1.size????????tab2.size?????? tab2.name
1??????????????10????????????????????10??????????????????AAA
2??????????????20??????????????????(null)??????????????(null)
3??????????????30?????????????????? (null)????????????????(null)
???? 其實以上結果的關鍵原因就是left join,right join,full join的特殊性,不管on上的條件是否為真都會返回left或right表中的記錄,full則具有left和right的特性的并集。而inner jion沒這個特殊性,則條件放在on中和where中,返回的結果集是相同的。
?
?
mysql>? select * from aaa a left join bbb b on a.id = b.id and b.name = '111111111';
+------+-----------+------+-----------+
| id?? | name????? | id?? | name????? |
+------+-----------+------+-----------+
|??? 1 | 陳亮亮??? |??? 1 | 111111111 |
|??? 1 | 福特????? |??? 1 | 111111111 |
|??? 1 | bentian?? |??? 1 | 111111111 |
|??? 2 | 張云霞??? | NULL | NULL????? |
|??? 3 | 陳小平??? | NULL | NULL????? |
|??? 4 | 陳小肥??? | NULL | NULL????? |
|??? 2 | 寶馬????? | NULL | NULL????? |
|??? 3 | 奔馳????? | NULL | NULL????? |
|??? 4 | 奧迪????? | NULL | NULL????? |
|??? 2 | dazong??? | NULL | NULL????? |
|??? 5 | ben?????? | NULL | NULL????? |
|??? 6 | da??????? | NULL | NULL????? |
+------+-----------+------+-----------+
12 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql>? select * from aaa a left join bbb b on a.id = b.id where b.name = '111111111';
+------+-----------+------+-----------+
| id?? | name????? | id?? | name????? |
+------+-----------+------+-----------+
|??? 1 | 陳亮亮??? |??? 1 | 111111111 |
|??? 1 | 福特????? |??? 1 | 111111111 |
|??? 1 | bentian?? |??? 1 | 111111111 |
+------+-----------+------+-----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>? select * from aaa a left join bbb b on a.id = b.id where a.name = 'bentian';
+------+---------+------+-----------+
| id?? | name??? | id?? | name????? |
+------+---------+------+-----------+
|??? 1 | bentian |??? 1 | 111111111 |
+------+---------+------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
?
mysql> select * from aaa;
+------+-----------+
| id?? | name????? |
+------+-----------+
|??? 1 | 陳亮亮??? |
|??? 2 | 張云霞??? |
|??? 3 | 陳小平??? |
|??? 4 | 陳小肥??? |
|??? 1 | 福特????? |
|??? 2 | 寶馬????? |
|??? 3 | 奔馳????? |
|??? 4 | 奧迪????? |
|??? 1 | bentian?? |
|??? 2 | dazong??? |
|??? 5 | ben?????? |
|??? 6 | da??????? |
+------+-----------+
12 rows in set (0.02 sec)
mysql> select * from bbb;
+------+------------+
| id?? | name?????? |
+------+------------+
|??? 1 | 111111111? |
|??? 2 | 2222222222 |
|??? 3 | 3333333333 |
+------+------------+
轉載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/leochenliang/p/7364665.html
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