一、zeromq簡介

zeromq的官方網站：http://zeromq.org/, 簡介如下：

ZeroMQ (also known as ?MQ, 0MQ, or zmq) looks like an embeddable networking library but acts like a concurrency framework. 
It gives you sockets that carry atomic messages across various transports like in-process, inter-process, TCP, and multicast. 
You can connect sockets N-to-N with patterns like fan-out, pub-sub, task distribution, and request-reply.
It's fast enough to be the fabric for clustered products. Its asynchronous I/O model gives you scalable multicore applications, built as asynchronous message-processing tasks. It has a score of language APIs and runs on most operating systems.
ZeroMQ is from iMatix and is LGPLv3 open source.

二、安裝

從官網下載zeromq-4.0.7.tar.gz,

tar zxvf zeromq-4.0.7.tar.gz
cd zeromq-4.0.7
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/zeromq
make
make install

root@ubuntu:zeromq-4.0.7# ls /usr/local/zeromq/
bin include lib share

三、使用

以下是用zeromq實現的簡單的echo服務器：

zmqsvr.c：

 1 #include "zmq.h"
 2 #include <string.h>
 3 #include <unistd.h>
 4 
 5 int main(void)
 6 {
 7     void* zmq_ctx = zmq_ctx_new();
 8     void* zmq_sock = zmq_socket(zmq_ctx, ZMQ_REP);
 9     zmq_bind(zmq_sock, "tcp://*:5555");
10 
11     printf("start listen for socket...
");
12     int seq = 0;
13     while (1)
14     {
15         printf("
loop seq: %d
", seq++);
16         int msg_size = 0;
17         char buf[10] = {0};
18         zmq_msg_t request;
19         zmq_msg_init(&request);
20         zmq_msg_recv(&request, zmq_sock, 0);
21         msg_size = zmq_msg_size(&request);
22         memcpy(buf, zmq_msg_data(&request), msg_size);
23         printf("recv request: %s
", buf);
24         zmq_msg_close(&request);
25 
26         sleep(1);
27 
28         zmq_msg_t reply;
29         zmq_msg_init_size(&reply, msg_size);
30         memcpy(zmq_msg_data(&reply), buf, msg_size);
31         printf("send reply: %s
", buf);
32         zmq_msg_send(&reply, zmq_sock, 0);
33         zmq_msg_close(&reply);
34     }
35 
36     sleep(1);
37     zmq_close(zmq_sock);
38     zmq_ctx_destroy(zmq_ctx);
39 
40     return 0;
41 }

zmqcli.c:

 1 #include <zmq.h>
 2 #include <stdio.h>
 3 #include <unistd.h>
 4 #include <string.h>
 5 
 6 int main(void)
 7 {
 8     void* zmq_ctx = zmq_ctx_new();
 9     void* zmq_sock = zmq_socket(zmq_ctx, ZMQ_REQ);
10     zmq_connect(zmq_sock, "tcp://localhost:5555");
11 
12     int index = 0;
13     for (index = 0; index < 10; index++)
14     {
15         printf("
loop seq:%d
", index);
16         zmq_msg_t request;
17         zmq_msg_init_size(&request, 6);
18         char buf[10] = {0};
19         sprintf(buf, "hello%d", index);
20         memcpy(zmq_msg_data(&request), buf, 6);
21         printf("send request: %s
", buf);
22         zmq_msg_send(&request, zmq_sock, 0);
23         zmq_msg_close(&request);
24 
25         memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
26         zmq_msg_t reply;
27         zmq_msg_init(&reply);
28         zmq_msg_recv(&reply, zmq_sock, 0);
29         memcpy(buf, zmq_msg_data(&reply), zmq_msg_size(&reply));
30         printf("recv reply: %s
", buf);
31         zmq_msg_close(&reply);
32     }
33 
34     sleep(1);
35     zmq_close(zmq_sock);
36     zmq_ctx_destroy(zmq_ctx);
37 
38     return 0;
39 }

zmqsvr和zmqcli實現了從client端發送helloi, server端收到后并echo回給client。

makefile如下：

 1 TARGET = zmqsvr zmqcli
 2 
 3 all: $(TARGET)
 4 
 5 CFLAGS = -g -I/usr/local/zeromq/include/ -Wall
 6 LDFLAGS = -L/usr/local/zeromq/lib/
 7 
 8 zmqsvr:zmqsvr.c
 9     gcc $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@ $(LDFLAGS) -lzmq
10 
11 zmqcli:zmqcli.c
12     gcc $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@ $(LDFLAGS) -lzmq
13 
14 clean:
15     rm -rf $(TARGET)

root@ubuntu:zeromq# make
gcc -g -I/usr/local/zeromq/include/ -Wall zmqsvr.c -o zmqsvr -L/usr/local/zeromq/lib/ -lzmq
gcc -g -I/usr/local/zeromq/include/ -Wall zmqcli.c -o zmqcli -L/usr/local/zeromq/lib/ -lzmq

root@ubuntu:zeromq# ./zmqcli

loop seq:0
send request: hello0
recv reply: hello0

loop seq:1
send request: hello1
recv reply: hello1

...

loop seq:9
send request: hello9
recv reply: hello9

另一個終端里:

mamo@ubuntu:zeromq$ ./zmqsvr
start listen for socket...

loop seq: 0
recv request: hello0
send reply: hello0

...

loop seq: 9
recv request: hello9
send reply: hello9

loop seq: 10

(如果運行時出現cannot found libzmq.so.4之類的錯誤，可以使用 strace ./zmqsvr查看調用的libzmq.so.4的路徑,比如/lib/i386-linux-gnu/i686/，將libzmq.so.4復制到該路徑即可。)

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