WPF中Expander的用法和控件模板详解
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WPF中Expander的用法和控件模板详解
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一、Expander的用法
在WPF中，Expander是一個很實用的復(fù)合控件，可以很方便的實現(xiàn)下拉菜單和導(dǎo)航欄等功能。先介紹簡單的用法，而后分析他的控件模板。
<Window.Resources>
<ResourceDictionary>
<Style x:Key="Expander.StackPanel.Style" TargetType="FrameworkElement">
<Setter Property="MaxWidth" Value="80"></Setter>
<Setter Property="MinWidth" Value="50"></Setter>
<Setter Property="HorizontalAlignment" Value="Left"></Setter>
</Style>
</ResourceDictionary>
</Window.Resources>
<Grid>
<Expander Style="{DynamicResource ExpanderStyle}" Header="頭部">
<StackPanel>
<Button Style="{StaticResource Expander.StackPanel.Style}">內(nèi)容1</Button>
<RadioButton Style="{StaticResource Expander.StackPanel.Style}">內(nèi)容2</RadioButton>
<TextBox Style="{StaticResource Expander.StackPanel.Style}">內(nèi)容3</TextBox>
<TextBlock Style="{StaticResource Expander.StackPanel.Style}">內(nèi)容4</TextBlock>
</StackPanel>
</Expander>
</Grid>
可以看到Expander主要分為頭部和內(nèi)容兩部分，展開時才顯示內(nèi)容，而內(nèi)容部分可以存放豐富的內(nèi)容
效果圖：
二、控件模板
如何獲取控件本身默認的控件模板請看我的另一篇文章：https://www.cnblogs.com/xiaomengshan/p/11446436.html
因為控件模板比較復(fù)雜，先看大概的構(gòu)成：
再看看主樣式部分（ExpanderSytle）的構(gòu)成：
再看向下展開時頭部的樣式構(gòu)成：
如下為我標注了注釋的完整控件模板代碼：
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="Expander.MouseOver.Circle.Stroke" Color="#FF5593FF"/>
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="Expander.MouseOver.Circle.Fill" Color="#FFF3F9FF"/>
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="Expander.MouseOver.Arrow.Stroke" Color="#FF000000"/>
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="Expander.Pressed.Circle.Stroke" Color="#FF3C77DD"/>
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="Expander.Pressed.Circle.Fill" Color="#FFD9ECFF"/>
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="Expander.Pressed.Arrow.Stroke" Color="#FF000000"/>
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="Expander.Disabled.Circle.Stroke" Color="#FFBCBCBC"/>
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="Expander.Disabled.Circle.Fill" Color="#FFE6E6E6"/>
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="Expander.Disabled.Arrow.Stroke" Color="#FF707070"/>
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="Expander.Static.Circle.Fill" Color="#FFFFFFFF"/>
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="Expander.Static.Circle.Stroke" Color="#FF333333"/>
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="Expander.Static.Arrow.Stroke" Color="#FF333333"/>
<!--ExpandDirection=Right,即向右展開時的頭部樣式-->
<Style x:Key="ExpanderRightHeaderStyle" TargetType="{x:Type ToggleButton}">
<Setter Property="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type ToggleButton}">
<Border Padding="{TemplateBinding Padding}">
<Grid Background="Transparent" SnapsToDevicePixels="False">
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="19"/>
<RowDefinition Height="*"/>
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<Grid>
<Grid.LayoutTransform>
<TransformGroup>
<TransformGroup.Children>
<TransformCollection>
<RotateTransform Angle="-90"/>
</TransformCollection>
</TransformGroup.Children>
</TransformGroup>
</Grid.LayoutTransform>
<Ellipse x:Name="circle" Fill="Yellow" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Height="19" Stroke="Yellow" VerticalAlignment="Center" Width="19"/>
<Path x:Name="arrow" Data="M 1,1.5 L 4.5,5 L 8,1.5" HorizontalAlignment="Center" SnapsToDevicePixels="false" Stroke="{StaticResource Expander.Static.Arrow.Stroke}" StrokeThickness="2" VerticalAlignment="Center"/>
</Grid>
<ContentPresenter HorizontalAlignment="Center" Margin="0,4,0,0" Grid.Row="1" RecognizesAccessKey="True" SnapsToDevicePixels="True" VerticalAlignment="Top"/>
</Grid>
</Border>
<ControlTemplate.Triggers>
<Trigger Property="IsChecked" Value="true">
<Setter Property="Data" TargetName="arrow" Value="M 1,4.5 L 4.5,1 L 8,4.5"/>
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="true">
<Setter Property="Stroke" TargetName="circle" Value="{StaticResource Expander.MouseOver.Circle.Stroke}"/>
<Setter Property="Fill" TargetName="circle" Value="{StaticResource Expander.MouseOver.Circle.Fill}"/>
<Setter Property="Stroke" TargetName="arrow" Value="{StaticResource Expander.MouseOver.Arrow.Stroke}"/>
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsPressed" Value="true">
<Setter Property="Stroke" TargetName="circle" Value="{StaticResource Expander.Pressed.Circle.Stroke}"/>
<Setter Property="StrokeThickness" TargetName="circle" Value="1.5"/>
<Setter Property="Fill" TargetName="circle" Value="{StaticResource Expander.Pressed.Circle.Fill}"/>
<Setter Property="Stroke" TargetName="arrow" Value="{StaticResource Expander.Pressed.Arrow.Stroke}"/>
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsEnabled" Value="false">
<Setter Property="Stroke" TargetName="circle" Value="{StaticResource Expander.Disabled.Circle.Stroke}"/>
<Setter Property="Fill" TargetName="circle" Value="{StaticResource Expander.Disabled.Circle.Fill}"/>
<Setter Property="Stroke" TargetName="arrow" Value="{StaticResource Expander.Disabled.Arrow.Stroke}"/>
</Trigger>
</ControlTemplate.Triggers>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
<!--ExpandDirection=Up,即向上展開時的頭部樣式-->
<Style x:Key="ExpanderUpHeaderStyle" TargetType="{x:Type ToggleButton}">
<Setter Property="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type ToggleButton}">
<Border Padding="{TemplateBinding Padding}">
<Grid Background="Transparent" SnapsToDevicePixels="False">
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition Width="19"/>
<ColumnDefinition Width="*"/>
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<Grid>
<Grid.LayoutTransform>
<TransformGroup>
<TransformGroup.Children>
<TransformCollection>
<RotateTransform Angle="180"/>
</TransformCollection>
</TransformGroup.Children>
</TransformGroup>
</Grid.LayoutTransform>
<Ellipse x:Name="circle" Fill="{StaticResource Expander.Static.Circle.Fill}" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Height="19" Stroke="{StaticResource Expander.Static.Circle.Stroke}" VerticalAlignment="Center" Width="19"/>
<Path x:Name="arrow" Data="M 1,1.5 L 4.5,5 L 8,1.5" HorizontalAlignment="Center" SnapsToDevicePixels="false" Stroke="{StaticResource Expander.Static.Arrow.Stroke}" StrokeThickness="2" VerticalAlignment="Center"/>
</Grid>
<ContentPresenter Grid.Column="1" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="4,0,0,0" RecognizesAccessKey="True" SnapsToDevicePixels="True" VerticalAlignment="Center"/>
</Grid>
</Border>
<ControlTemplate.Triggers>
<Trigger Property="IsChecked" Value="true">
<Setter Property="Data" TargetName="arrow" Value="M 1,4.5 L 4.5,1 L 8,4.5"/>
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="true">
<Setter Property="Stroke" TargetName="circle" Value="{StaticResource Expander.MouseOver.Circle.Stroke}"/>
<Setter Property="Fill" TargetName="circle" Value="{StaticResource Expander.MouseOver.Circle.Fill}"/>
<Setter Property="Stroke" TargetName="arrow" Value="{StaticResource Expander.MouseOver.Arrow.Stroke}"/>
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsPressed" Value="true">
<Setter Property="Stroke" TargetName="circle" Value="{StaticResource Expander.Pressed.Circle.Stroke}"/>
<Setter Property="StrokeThickness" TargetName="circle" Value="1.5"/>
<Setter Property="Fill" TargetName="circle" Value="{StaticResource Expander.Pressed.Circle.Fill}"/>
<Setter Property="Stroke" TargetName="arrow" Value="{StaticResource Expander.Pressed.Arrow.Stroke}"/>
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsEnabled" Value="false">
<Setter Property="Stroke" TargetName="circle" Value="{StaticResource Expander.Disabled.Circle.Stroke}"/>
<Setter Property="Fill" TargetName="circle" Value="{StaticResource Expander.Disabled.Circle.Fill}"/>
<Setter Property="Stroke" TargetName="arrow" Value="{StaticResource Expander.Disabled.Arrow.Stroke}"/>
</Trigger>
</ControlTemplate.Triggers>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
<!--ExpandDirection=Left,即向左展開時的頭部樣式-->
<Style x:Key="ExpanderLeftHeaderStyle" TargetType="{x:Type ToggleButton}">
<Setter Property="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type ToggleButton}">
<Border Padding="{TemplateBinding Padding}">
<Grid Background="Transparent" SnapsToDevicePixels="False">
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="19"/>
<RowDefinition Height="*"/>
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<Grid>
<Grid.LayoutTransform>
<TransformGroup>
<TransformGroup.Children>
<TransformCollection>
<RotateTransform Angle="90"/>
</TransformCollection>
</TransformGroup.Children>
</TransformGroup>
</Grid.LayoutTransform>
<Ellipse x:Name="circle" Fill="{StaticResource Expander.Static.Circle.Fill}" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Height="19" Stroke="{StaticResource Expander.Static.Circle.Stroke}" VerticalAlignment="Center" Width="19"/>
<Path x:Name="arrow" Data="M 1,1.5 L 4.5,5 L 8,1.5" HorizontalAlignment="Center" SnapsToDevicePixels="false" Stroke="{StaticResource Expander.Static.Arrow.Stroke}" StrokeThickness="2" VerticalAlignment="Center"/>
</Grid>
<ContentPresenter HorizontalAlignment="Center" Margin="0,4,0,0" Grid.Row="1" RecognizesAccessKey="True" SnapsToDevicePixels="True" VerticalAlignment="Top"/>
</Grid>
</Border>
<ControlTemplate.Triggers>
<Trigger Property="IsChecked" Value="true">
<Setter Property="Data" TargetName="arrow" Value="M 1,4.5 L 4.5,1 L 8,4.5"/>
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="true">
<Setter Property="Stroke" TargetName="circle" Value="{StaticResource Expander.MouseOver.Circle.Stroke}"/>
<Setter Property="Fill" TargetName="circle" Value="{StaticResource Expander.MouseOver.Circle.Fill}"/>
<Setter Property="Stroke" TargetName="arrow" Value="{StaticResource Expander.MouseOver.Arrow.Stroke}"/>
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsPressed" Value="true">
<Setter Property="Stroke" TargetName="circle" Value="{StaticResource Expander.Pressed.Circle.Stroke}"/>
<Setter Property="StrokeThickness" TargetName="circle" Value="1.5"/>
<Setter Property="Fill" TargetName="circle" Value="{StaticResource Expander.Pressed.Circle.Fill}"/>
<Setter Property="Stroke" TargetName="arrow" Value="{StaticResource Expander.Pressed.Arrow.Stroke}"/>
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsEnabled" Value="false">
<Setter Property="Stroke" TargetName="circle" Value="{StaticResource Expander.Disabled.Circle.Stroke}"/>
<Setter Property="Fill" TargetName="circle" Value="{StaticResource Expander.Disabled.Circle.Fill}"/>
<Setter Property="Stroke" TargetName="arrow" Value="{StaticResource Expander.Disabled.Arrow.Stroke}"/>
</Trigger>
</ControlTemplate.Triggers>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
<!--ExpandDirection=Down,即向下展開時的頭部樣式（一般默認向下展開）-->
<Style x:Key="ExpanderDownHeaderStyle" TargetType="{x:Type ToggleButton}">
<Setter Property="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type ToggleButton}">
<Border Padding="{TemplateBinding Padding}">
<Grid Background="Transparent" SnapsToDevicePixels="False">
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition Width="19"/>
<ColumnDefinition Width="*"/> <!--可變部分自適應(yīng)存放文字-->
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<!--下拉頭部（Ellipse和Path組成圓圈箭頭圖標 ContentPresenter為文字）-->
<Ellipse x:Name="circle" Fill="{StaticResource Expander.Static.Circle.Fill}" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Height="19" Stroke="{StaticResource Expander.Static.Circle.Stroke}" VerticalAlignment="Center" Width="19"/>
<Path x:Name="arrow" Data="M 1,1.5 L 4.5,5 L 8,1.5" HorizontalAlignment="Center" SnapsToDevicePixels="false" Stroke="{StaticResource Expander.Static.Arrow.Stroke}" StrokeThickness="2" VerticalAlignment="Center"/>
<ContentPresenter Grid.Column="1" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="4,0,0,0" RecognizesAccessKey="True" SnapsToDevicePixels="True" VerticalAlignment="Center"/>
</Grid>
</Border>
<ControlTemplate.Triggers>
<!--選中時向下箭頭變?yōu)闉橄蛏霞^-->
<Trigger Property="IsChecked" Value="true">
<Setter Property="Data" TargetName="arrow" Value="M 1,4.5 L 4.5,1 L 8,4.5"/>
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="true">
<Setter Property="Stroke" TargetName="circle" Value="{StaticResource Expander.MouseOver.Circle.Stroke}"/>
<Setter Property="Fill" TargetName="circle" Value="{StaticResource Expander.MouseOver.Circle.Fill}"/>
<Setter Property="Stroke" TargetName="arrow" Value="{StaticResource Expander.MouseOver.Arrow.Stroke}"/>
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsPressed" Value="true">
<Setter Property="Stroke" TargetName="circle" Value="{StaticResource Expander.Pressed.Circle.Stroke}"/>
<Setter Property="StrokeThickness" TargetName="circle" Value="1.5"/>
<Setter Property="Fill" TargetName="circle" Value="{StaticResource Expander.Pressed.Circle.Fill}"/>
<Setter Property="Stroke" TargetName="arrow" Value="{StaticResource Expander.Pressed.Arrow.Stroke}"/>
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsEnabled" Value="false">
<Setter Property="Stroke" TargetName="circle" Value="{StaticResource Expander.Disabled.Circle.Stroke}"/>
<Setter Property="Fill" TargetName="circle" Value="{StaticResource Expander.Disabled.Circle.Fill}"/>
<Setter Property="Stroke" TargetName="arrow" Value="{StaticResource Expander.Disabled.Arrow.Stroke}"/>
</Trigger>
</ControlTemplate.Triggers>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
<!--鍵盤焦點樣式-->
<Style x:Key="ExpanderHeaderFocusVisual">
<Setter Property="Control.Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate>
<Border>
<Rectangle Margin="0" SnapsToDevicePixels="true" Stroke="Black" StrokeThickness="1" StrokeDashArray="1 2"/>
</Border>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
<!--Expander樣式-->
<Style x:Key="ExpanderStyle" TargetType="{x:Type Expander}">
<Setter Property="Foreground" Value="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.ControlTextBrushKey}}"/>
<Setter Property="Background" Value="Transparent"/>
<Setter Property="HorizontalContentAlignment" Value="Stretch"/>
<Setter Property="VerticalContentAlignment" Value="Stretch"/>
<Setter Property="BorderBrush" Value="Transparent"/>
<Setter Property="BorderThickness" Value="1"/>
<Setter Property="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<!--控件模板-->
<ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type Expander}">
<Border BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}" BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}" Background="{TemplateBinding Background}" CornerRadius="3" SnapsToDevicePixels="true">
<DockPanel>
<!--頭部標題-->
<ToggleButton x:Name="HeaderSite" ContentTemplate="{TemplateBinding HeaderTemplate}" ContentTemplateSelector="{TemplateBinding HeaderTemplateSelector}" Content="{TemplateBinding Header}" DockPanel.Dock="Top" Foreground="{TemplateBinding Foreground}" FontWeight="{TemplateBinding FontWeight}" FocusVisualStyle="{StaticResource ExpanderHeaderFocusVisual}" FontStyle="{TemplateBinding FontStyle}" FontStretch="{TemplateBinding FontStretch}" FontSize="{TemplateBinding FontSize}" FontFamily="{TemplateBinding FontFamily}" HorizontalContentAlignment="{TemplateBinding HorizontalContentAlignment}" IsChecked="{Binding IsExpanded, Mode=TwoWay, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}" Margin="1" MinWidth="0" MinHeight="0" Padding="{TemplateBinding Padding}" Style="{StaticResource ExpanderDownHeaderStyle}" VerticalContentAlignment="{TemplateBinding VerticalContentAlignment}"/>
<!--下拉內(nèi)容-->
<ContentPresenter x:Name="ExpandSite" DockPanel.Dock="Bottom" Focusable="false" HorizontalAlignment="{TemplateBinding HorizontalContentAlignment}" Margin="{TemplateBinding Padding}" Visibility="Collapsed" VerticalAlignment="{TemplateBinding VerticalContentAlignment}"/>
</DockPanel>
</Border>
<!--觸發(fā)器-->
<ControlTemplate.Triggers>
<!--內(nèi)容展開則顯示隱藏內(nèi)容-->
<Trigger Property="IsExpanded" Value="true">
<Setter Property="Visibility" TargetName="ExpandSite" Value="Visible"/>
</Trigger>
<!--向左、右、上展開修改DockPanel中標題和內(nèi)容布局方式實現(xiàn)-->
<Trigger Property="ExpandDirection" Value="Right">
<Setter Property="DockPanel.Dock" TargetName="ExpandSite" Value="Right"/>
<Setter Property="DockPanel.Dock" TargetName="HeaderSite" Value="Left"/>
<Setter Property="Style" TargetName="HeaderSite" Value="{StaticResource ExpanderRightHeaderStyle}"/>
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="ExpandDirection" Value="Up">
<Setter Property="DockPanel.Dock" TargetName="ExpandSite" Value="Top"/>
<Setter Property="DockPanel.Dock" TargetName="HeaderSite" Value="Bottom"/>
<Setter Property="Style" TargetName="HeaderSite" Value="{StaticResource ExpanderUpHeaderStyle}"/>
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="ExpandDirection" Value="Left">
<Setter Property="DockPanel.Dock" TargetName="ExpandSite" Value="Left"/>
<Setter Property="DockPanel.Dock" TargetName="HeaderSite" Value="Right"/>
<Setter Property="Style" TargetName="HeaderSite" Value="{StaticResource ExpanderLeftHeaderStyle}"/>
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsEnabled" Value="false">
<Setter Property="Foreground" Value="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.GrayTextBrushKey}}"/>
</Trigger>
</ControlTemplate.Triggers>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
知道了Expander默認控件模板的構(gòu)成就可以根據(jù)需要修改，輕松構(gòu)建自定義的導(dǎo)航欄等功能（建議只修改需要修改的部分）。
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