印度軟件和中國(guó)軟件工程師

Engineer. One of the most respected words in the dictionary of an Indian parent. If there is any other thing that is more desired by an Indian parent apart from “Roti, Kapda and Makaan” as suggested by Mr Bachchan, is the dream of seeing their offspring as an IIT graduate, not realizing the fact that every year more than 10 lakhs students, see the same dream.

工程師 。 印度父母字典中最受尊敬的單詞之一。 如果像巴赫昌先生所建議的那樣，除了“羅蒂，卡普達(dá)和馬卡安人”以外，印度父母還有其他需要的東西，那就是將他們的后代視為個(gè)人所得稅畢業(yè)生的夢(mèng)想，而沒有意識(shí)到這一事實(shí)，即每年100萬(wàn)學(xué)生，看到了同樣的夢(mèng)想。

From a wide range of engineering degrees that the numerous colleges in India offer, computer science (CS) engineering is the most common branch of engineering, whereas Software engineering (SE) is sometimes considered a sub-branch to it. While CS offers the knowledge about the hardware, SE pertains deeper into the development of software so that it works in its intended way. Attaining a degree in computer science or any related field serves as the pre-requisite to have a career as a software engineer.

從印度眾多大學(xué)提供的廣泛的工程學(xué)位中，計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)(CS)工程是工程學(xué)中最常見的分支，而軟件工程(SE)有時(shí)被認(rèn)為是其分支機(jī)構(gòu)。 CS提供了有關(guān)硬件的知識(shí)，而SE則與軟件開發(fā)息息相關(guān)，因此它可以按預(yù)期的方式工作。 獲得計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)或任何相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的學(xué)位是擁有軟件工程師職業(yè)的前提。

Also Read: How to Become a Programmer Without a Degree?

另請(qǐng)閱讀： 如何成為沒有學(xué)位的程序員？

如何成為印度的軟件工程師？ (How to become a Software Engineer in India?)

成為軟件工程師所需的技能 (Skills Required for Becoming a Software Engineer)

To be a software engineer, the three things on the checklist that must be fulfilled are:

要成為一名軟件工程師，清單上必須滿足的三件事是：

• Love for programming.
  熱愛編程。
• Love for programming.
  熱愛編程。
• Love for programming.
  熱愛編程。

Programming is the core part associated with the software engineering degree. Familiarizing oneself with the basics of various languages, be it C, C++, Java, JavaScript, Python and databases like SQL, NoSQL and many more will make the road somewhat easier. Algorithms and data structures, understanding the basic intricacies associated with them, form the building blocks of any programmer’s foundation of knowledge.

編程是與軟件工程學(xué)位相關(guān)的核心部分。 熟悉各種語(yǔ)言的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，無(wú)論是C，C ++，Java，JavaScript，Python還是SQL，NoSQL等數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，都將使這條路更加輕松。 算法和數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)，了解與之相關(guān)的基本復(fù)雜性，構(gòu)成了任何程序員知識(shí)基礎(chǔ)的基石。

Having a logical bent of mind is an important criterion for taking up SE as a career option. Creating the algorithms, dry running the code to find the mistakes at an early stage, coding for hours, still having errors, just because somewhere in line 263 a semicolon was forgotten, spending hours to find that mistake, re-running that entire code again, takes up a lot of patience and only the people with that true love for coding can keep going on for hours.

采取邏輯思維是將SE作為職業(yè)選擇的重要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 創(chuàng)建算法，在早期階段嘗試運(yùn)行代碼以發(fā)現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤，編碼數(shù)小時(shí)，仍然有錯(cuò)誤，只是因?yàn)樵诘?63行的某個(gè)地方遺忘了分號(hào)，花了數(shù)小時(shí)才能找到該錯(cuò)誤，然后重新運(yùn)行整個(gè)代碼，需要很多耐心，只有對(duì)編碼真正熱愛的人才能繼續(xù)工作數(shù)小時(shí)。

Sounding crazily difficult? Makes you want to quit the passion right here, right now? No, it’s not! Though sounding hard, once the person gets hang of coding, that waking up every day to a new problem at hand, challenging your brain every day to come up with new solutions, either for an existing problem, or creating something entirely from scratch, that is a different excitement altogether. Signing up for a career in software engineering, involves continuous racking of brains, creating, innovating and adapting as per the situation demands.

聽起來瘋狂難嗎？ 讓您現(xiàn)在想在這里放棄激情嗎？ 不，這不對(duì)！ 盡管聽起來很辛苦，但是一旦這個(gè)人掌握了編碼，就會(huì)每天醒來遇到一個(gè)新問題，每天挑戰(zhàn)您的大腦以提出新的解決方案，以解決現(xiàn)有問題，或者完全從頭開始創(chuàng)建一些東西，完全是另一回事。 報(bào)名從事軟件工程事業(yè)，需要不斷絞盡腦汁，根據(jù)情況需要進(jìn)行創(chuàng)新，創(chuàng)新和適應(yīng)。

成為軟件工程師–傳統(tǒng)方式 (Becoming Software Engineer – The Traditional Way)

So, to be a software engineer in India, the first step begins in the early ages in class 10 when the road diverges and you got to take up the heavily populated road, filled with lakhs of students having the same dream of becoming an engineer, which leads to taking “science” in higher secondary. Having Physics, Chemistry, Maths and Computer from an early age help develop the logical part of the brain and 2 years of science, does just that.

因此，要成為印度的軟件工程師，第一步是從10年級(jí)的早期開始，那時(shí)道路分叉，您必須走上人口稠密的道路，那里有成千上萬(wàn)的夢(mèng)想成為工程師的學(xué)生，這導(dǎo)致在高中學(xué)習(xí)“科學(xué)”。 早年擁有物理，化學(xué)，數(shù)學(xué)和計(jì)算機(jī)有助于開發(fā)大腦的邏輯部分和2年的科學(xué)知識(shí)，就可以做到這一點(diǎn)。

Then comes competing with a million dreams to achieve yours, as in India there is a common entrance examination for all the branches of engineering called as the “Joint Entrance Examinations” or JEE. For this, early preparations include enrolling to various coaching institutions so that it helps in preparing for class 12 and the entrance examinations simultaneously. Then, comes the “D-day” and acing it is a combination of both hard work and a bit of luck. Scores and rank play a huge role in determining your entry to your dream college, just like any other entrance examination. The results are followed by extensive hunting for a good college, followed by multiple applications at various places, in hopes of making through one of them.

然后要與一百萬(wàn)個(gè)夢(mèng)想競(jìng)爭(zhēng)以實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的夢(mèng)想，因?yàn)樵谟《?#xff0c;所有工程學(xué)分支都有一個(gè)通用的入學(xué)考試，稱為“聯(lián)合入學(xué)考試” ( JEE)。 為此，早期的準(zhǔn)備工作包括報(bào)名參加各種教練機(jī)構(gòu)，以幫助同時(shí)準(zhǔn)備12級(jí)和入學(xué)考試。 然后，“ D日”來臨，這是艱辛的工作和一點(diǎn)運(yùn)氣的結(jié)合。 與其他入學(xué)考試一樣，分?jǐn)?shù)和等級(jí)在決定您升讀夢(mèng)想大學(xué)的過程中扮演著重要角色。 結(jié)果是，他們廣泛尋求一所好的大學(xué)，隨后在各個(gè)地方進(jìn)行了多次申請(qǐng)，希望能通過其中之一。

Securing a position in one of the colleges is just the beginning, to become a successful software engineer, apart from the education provided by the institute, a little nudge or a small push from your side, will help in the long run for sure. As a popular saying goes “Practice makes a man perfect”, the same applies in this field too. No coding, no programming can be learnt by reading books and mugging them up for exams. Coding is an application-based skill and can be only sharpened by practising continuously.

確保在一所大學(xué)中的職位只是開始，成為一名成功的軟件工程師，除了學(xué)院提供的教育之外，從您的身邊稍加推動(dòng)或一小步推動(dòng)，就可以肯定地從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來看。 俗話說“實(shí)踐使人完美”，這一領(lǐng)域也同樣適用。 沒有編碼，就不會(huì)通過閱讀書籍和搶劫考試來學(xué)習(xí)編程。 編碼是一項(xiàng)基于應(yīng)用程序的技能，只有通過不斷練習(xí)才能提高編碼能力。

成為軟件工程師–現(xiàn)代方式 (Becoming Software Engineer – The Modern Way)

Though, getting through JEE and then securing a seat in the top college for bachelors followed by masters, is the traditional way to become a software engineer. Nowadays, for the gen Z interest in a particular field is what it takes to make a career in a certain field. Interest and Skill are all it takes to have a passionate career in any field. Even if going through all the hassle of year-long preparations seems a daunting task, there is nothing today that cannot be learnt through online learning platforms like Coursera, Udemy, LinkedIn and many more. Be it, any programming language, or a diploma degree.

不過，通過JEE，然后在頂尖大學(xué)中獲得學(xué)士學(xué)位和碩士學(xué)位之后，才是成為軟件工程師的傳統(tǒng)方式。 如今，對(duì)于Z世代而言，對(duì)特定領(lǐng)域的興趣是在特定領(lǐng)域從事職業(yè)所需要的。 在任何領(lǐng)域擁有熱情的職業(yè)都需要興趣和技能 。 即使經(jīng)歷了為期一年的準(zhǔn)備工作的所有麻煩，似乎也是一項(xiàng)艱巨的任務(wù)，但如今，沒有什么可以通過Coursera，Udemy，LinkedIn等在線學(xué)習(xí)平臺(tái)來學(xué)習(xí)的。 無(wú)論是任何編程語(yǔ)言還是文憑學(xué)位。

A formal degree of a software engineer is becoming less of a mandate these days for pursuing your passion. Even a person with the degree of a BCA/MCA who has the love for coding can go on to have a bright future in the field of software development. Now, who does not know, Mark Zuckerberg? A Harvard University dropout, but still his love for coding and software development, has made him one of the most successful persons and the co-founder of one of the most widely used application – Facebook. So, a degree does not matter, only the passion, skill and love for coding is the driving force for a software engineer profession.

如今，追求工程師的熱情已使軟件工程師的正式學(xué)位變得越來越少。 即使是具有BCA / MCA學(xué)位并熱愛編碼的人，也可以在軟件開發(fā)領(lǐng)域繼續(xù)擁有光明的未來。 現(xiàn)在，誰(shuí)不知道， 馬克·扎克伯格？ 哈佛大學(xué)的輟學(xué)??生，但是仍然對(duì)編碼和軟件開發(fā)的熱愛使他成為最成功的人之一，也是最廣泛使用的應(yīng)用程序之一Facebook的聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人。 因此，學(xué)位并不重要，只有對(duì)編碼的熱情，技能和熱愛才是軟件工程師行業(yè)的動(dòng)力。

實(shí)習(xí)–下一步 (Internships – The Next Step Forward)

Though the degree may be optional, learning to apply all the gathered knowledge, in the form of internships is a must. Applying for internships, getting through with it, gives a peek into the day-to-day activities in the life of a software engineer. Working on projects provides the required practice and thus prepares you to face the real-life challenges that an IT employee faces. Reading books of established authors and thus using those to develop some software, also provides a great boost. Keep developing the software, thus gaining practise and knowledge together.

盡管學(xué)位可能是可選的，但必須以實(shí)習(xí)的形式學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)用所有收集到的知識(shí)。 申請(qǐng)實(shí)習(xí)機(jī)會(huì)，可以一窺軟件工程師一生中的日常活動(dòng)。 在項(xiàng)目上工作可提供所需的實(shí)踐，從而使您準(zhǔn)備好面對(duì)IT員工面臨的現(xiàn)實(shí)挑戰(zhàn)。 閱讀已建立的作者的書籍，從而使用這些書籍來開發(fā)某些軟件，也可以極大地促進(jìn)學(xué)習(xí)。 繼續(xù)開發(fā)軟件，從而一起獲得實(shí)踐和知識(shí)。

Building strong networks in the field also help to go the long way. Helping the people in your community, gaining insights from peers, maintaining close networks with them, helps. Different problems can indeed be easily solved in different languages. So, instead of learning a single language, having proper knowledge of 2-3 different languages, from the basic level, serves truly helpful.

在實(shí)地建立強(qiáng)大的網(wǎng)絡(luò)也有助于走長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)路。 幫助您社區(qū)中的人們，從同齡人那里獲得見解，與他們保持緊密的聯(lián)系會(huì)有所幫助。 實(shí)際上，可以使用不同的語(yǔ)言輕松解決不同的問題。 因此，除了學(xué)習(xí)一種語(yǔ)言之外，從基礎(chǔ)層面上擁有2-3種不同語(yǔ)言的正確知識(shí)，確實(shí)很有幫助。

面試–最后一步 (Interviews – The Final Step)

Just gaining knowledge, won’t be enough. To convert all the learnings and insights gained, proper preparations to enter the corporate world is a must. Essentials here includes:

僅獲得知識(shí)是不夠的。 為了轉(zhuǎn)換所有獲得的知識(shí)和見解，進(jìn)入公司世界的適當(dāng)準(zhǔn)備是必須的。 這里的要點(diǎn)包括：

• An impressive cover letter (which states why exactly should you be hired),

  一封令人印象深刻的求職信 (其中說明了您到底應(yīng)該被錄用的原因)，

• A professional resume and

  專業(yè)簡(jiǎn)歷和

• The most important of all an impeccable online presence.

  無(wú)可挑剔的在線形象中最重要的。

All of these create an image of yourself, in the minds of the recruiters even before you get a chance to create an impression yourself. So, an impressive digital footprint (which shows how aware you are of the ongoing scenarios), leaves a healthy mark in the potential recruiter’s mind.

所有這些，甚至在您沒有機(jī)會(huì)自己創(chuàng)造印象之前，就在招聘人員的腦海中塑造了自己的形象。 因此，令人印象深刻的數(shù)字足跡(表明您對(duì)正在進(jìn)行的方案有多了解)在潛在招聘者的腦海中留下了健康的印記。

Acing the interview seems like the final step in becoming a professional, corporate-working software engineer. Apart from the basic interview questions, core technical questions with past experiences (here, your long hours of slogging in the name of practice comes to the rescue!), on-spot presence of mind, mandatory soft-skills go on the to-do list before an interview. Clearing the interview is like saying hello to the life of an IT employee, developing software, coding and all the technical stuff you have dreamt of!

完成采訪似乎是成為一名專業(yè)的，可以在公司工作的軟件工程師的最后一步。 除了基本的面試問題，具有過去經(jīng)驗(yàn)的核心技術(shù)問題(在這里，您可以以實(shí)踐的名義進(jìn)行長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的工作才能解救！)，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)存在的想法，必修的軟技能都可以做面試前列出。 清除面試就像向IT員工的生活打招呼，開發(fā)軟件，編碼以及您夢(mèng)of以求的所有技術(shù)資料！

Thus, in this ever-changing era where tech is the only thing that will stay in the long run, being a software engineer, definitely gives you an edge. Being continuously adaptive with the ongoing technologies will be the only way to survive and will be an extremely satisfying journey in itself. In all, software engineer provides a very lucrative career graph, being in continuous touch with the technology. Thus, being a software engineer/developer has always been and will always be a great career choice, with continuous learning.

因此，在這個(gè)瞬息萬(wàn)變的時(shí)代中，技術(shù)是長(zhǎng)久以來唯一會(huì)保留的東西，而作為軟件工程師肯定會(huì)給您帶來優(yōu)勢(shì)。 不斷適應(yīng)不斷發(fā)展的技術(shù)將是生存的唯一途徑，并且本身就是一個(gè)非常令人滿意的旅程。 總而言之，軟件工程師提供了非常有利可圖的職業(yè)圖表，并且與該技術(shù)保持著持續(xù)聯(lián)系。 因此，通過不斷的學(xué)習(xí)，成為軟件工程師/開發(fā)人員一直是并將永遠(yuǎn)是一個(gè)偉大的職業(yè)選擇。

Author Bio:

作者簡(jiǎn)介：

Hey, This is Aanchal! A statistician turned MBA aspirant. Writing is my passion and glimses of which can be seen @thewriteowl on instagram! Writing helps me put my thoughts on paper and would like to explore more areas in writing!. Currently I am working as a content writer at Zigsaw, the fastest growing recruitment firms of India.

嘿，這是Aanchal！ 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)家轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)镸BA理想。 寫作是我的激情和喜樂，可以在instagram @thewriteowl上看到！ 寫作幫助我把想法寫在紙上，并希望探索寫作的更多領(lǐng)域！ 目前，我在印度發(fā)展最快的招聘公司Zigsaw擔(dān)任內(nèi)容作家。

翻譯自: https://www.thecrazyprogrammer.com/2020/07/how-to-become-a-software-engineer-in-india.html

印度軟件和中國(guó)軟件工程師

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