本人經過多次整理,將很多翻譯的文檔綜合成目前我認為 是比較全的文檔貢獻給大家,同時我提醒各位在課本上也附錄了許多翻譯,不要忘記查看呀

A program instruction or a piece of data is stored in a specific primary storage location called an address. Addresses permit program instructions and data to be located, accessed, and processed. The content of each address is constantly changing as different programs are executed and new data are processed.

程序指令和數據是存儲在主存中一個特殊的位置，稱為地址空間。通過地址空間可以實現計算機對程序指令和數據的定位、訪問和處理。地址空間的內容是經常變化的，這是由于計算機一直在執行不同的程序和數據。

Another name for primary storage is random-access memory, or RAM. A special type of primary storage, called read-only memory (ROM), cannot be altered by the programmer. The contents of ROM are “hard-wired” (designed into the logic of the memory chip) by the manufacturer and can be “read only”. When you turn on a microcomputer system, a program in ROM automatically readies the computer system for use. Then the ROM program produces the initial display screen prompt.

主存儲器也稱為隨機存取存儲器，或RAM。還有一種特殊的主存儲器，稱為只讀存儲器(ROM)，這種存儲器不能被程序更改存放的內容。ROM的內容是被生產商通過硬件電路寫入的，并且不能被重寫。當你啟動計算機，ROM中的一個程序會自動就緒等待計算機系統的調用，然后在顯示器中顯示開機提示。

A variation of ROM is programmable read-only memory (PROM). PROM is ROM into which you, the user, can load “read-only” programs and data. Once a program is loaded to PROM, it is seldom, if ever, changed [4]. However, if you need to be able to revise the contents of PROM, there is EPROM, erasable PROM. Before a write operation, all the storage cells must be erased to the same initial state.

可編程只讀存儲器(PROM)是另一種ROM，它可以載入只讀的程序和數據，一旦載入，將不再改變。然而，若果你需要去修正PROM的內容，可以使用可擦可編程只讀存儲器。 EPROM在進行一次寫操作之前，所有的存儲單元必須被還原為同一初始狀態。

A more attractive form of read-mostly memory is electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM). It can be written into at any time without erasing prior contents; only the byte or bytes addressed are updated.

一種更吸引人的可改寫只讀存儲器是電可擦除可編程只讀存儲器 (EEPROM)。它可以在任何時候寫入，而且不會擦除以前的內容；只會更新被尋址的字節。

The EEPROM combines the advantage of nonvolatility with the flexibility of being updatable in place [6], using ordinary bus control, address, and data lines.

總結

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