原帖鏈接:http://bbs.csdn.net/topics/280002741

表架構

Student(S#,Sname,Sage,Ssex) 學生表?
Course(C#,Cname,T#) 課程表?
SC(S#,C#,score) 成績表?
Teacher(T#,Tname) 教師表

建表語句?

CREATE TABLE student ( s# INT, sname nvarchar(32), sage INT, ssex nvarchar(8) ) CREATE TABLE course ( c# INT, cname nvarchar(32), t# INT ) CREATE TABLE sc ( s# INT, c# INT, score INT ) CREATE TABLE teacher ( t# INT, tname nvarchar(16) )

插入測試數據語句?

insert into Student select 1,N'劉一',18,N'男' union allselect 2,N'錢二',19,N'女' union allselect 3,N'張三',17,N'男' union allselect 4,N'李四',18,N'女' union allselect 5,N'王五',17,N'男' union allselect 6,N'趙六',19,N'女' insert into Teacher select 1,N'葉平' union allselect 2,N'賀高' union allselect 3,N'楊艷' union allselect 4,N'周磊'insert into Course select 1,N'語文',1 union allselect 2,N'數學',2 union allselect 3,N'英語',3 union allselect 4,N'物理',4insert into SC select 1,1,56 union all select 1,2,78 union all select 1,3,67 union all select 1,4,58 union all select 2,1,79 union all select 2,2,81 union all select 2,3,92 union all select 2,4,68 union all select 3,1,91 union all select 3,2,47 union all select 3,3,88 union all select 3,4,56 union all select 4,2,88 union all select 4,3,90 union all select 4,4,93 union all select 5,1,46 union all select 5,3,78 union all select 5,4,53 union all select 6,1,35 union all select 6,2,68 union all select 6,4,71

問題

問題： 1、查詢“001”課程比“002”課程成績高的所有學生的學號； select a.S# from (select s#,score from SC where C#='001') a,(select s#,score from SC where C#='002') b where a.score>b.score and a.s#=b.s#; 2、查詢平均成績大于60分的同學的學號和平均成績； select S#,avg(score) from sc group by S# having avg(score) >60; 3、查詢所有同學的學號、姓名、選課數、總成績； select Student.S#,Student.Sname,count(SC.C#),sum(score) from Student left Outer join SC on Student.S#=SC.S# group by Student.S#,Sname 4、查詢姓“李”的老師的個數； select count(distinct(Tname)) from Teacher where Tname like '李%'; 5、查詢沒學過“葉平”老師課的同學的學號、姓名； select Student.S#,Student.Sname from Student where S# not in (select distinct( SC.S#) from SC,Course,Teacher where SC.C#=Course.C# and Teacher.T#=Course.T# and Teacher.Tname='葉平'); 6、查詢學過“001”并且也學過編號“002”課程的同學的學號、姓名； select Student.S#,Student.Sname from Student,SC where Student.S#=SC.S# and SC.C#='001'and exists( Select * from SC as SC_2 where SC_2.S#=SC.S# and SC_2.C#='002'); 7、查詢學過“葉平”老師所教的所有課的同學的學號、姓名； select S#,Sname from Student where S# in (select S# from SC ,Course ,Teacher where SC.C#=Course.C# and Teacher.T#=Course.T# and Teacher.Tname='葉平' group by S# having count(SC.C#)=(select count(C#) from Course,Teacher where Teacher.T#=Course.T# and Tname='葉平')); 8、查詢課程編號“002”的成績比課程編號“001”課程低的所有同學的學號、姓名； Select S#,Sname from (select Student.S#,Student.Sname,score ,(select score from SC SC_2 where SC_2.S#=Student.S# and SC_2.C#='002') score2 from Student,SC where Student.S#=SC.S# and C#='001') S_2 where score2 <score; 9、查詢所有課程成績小于60分的同學的學號、姓名； select S#,Sname from Student where S# not in (select S.S# from Student AS S,SC where S.S#=SC.S# and score>60); 10、查詢沒有學全所有課的同學的學號、姓名； select Student.S#,Student.Sname from Student,SC where Student.S#=SC.S# group by Student.S#,Student.Sname having count(C#) <(select count(C#) from Course); 11、查詢至少有一門課與學號為“1001”的同學所學相同的同學的學號和姓名； select distinct S#,Sname from Student,SC where?Student.S#=SC.S# and SC.C# in (select C# from SC where S#='1001'); 12、查詢至少學過學號為“001”同學所有一門課的其他同學學號和姓名； select distinct SC.S#,Sname from Student,SC where Student.S#=SC.S# and C# in (select C# from SC where S#='001'); 13、把“SC”表中“葉平”老師教的課的成績都更改為此課程的平均成績； update SC set score=(select avg(SC_2.score) from SC SC_2 where SC_2.C#=SC.C# ) from Course,Teacher where Course.C#=SC.C# and Course.T#=Teacher.T# and Teacher.Tname='葉平'); 14、查詢和“1002”號的同學學習的課程完全相同的其他同學學號和姓名； select S# from SC where C# in (select C# from SC where S#='1002') group by S# having count(*)=(select count(*) from SC where S#='1002'); 15、刪除學習“葉平”老師課的SC表記錄； Delect SC from course ,Teacher where Course.C#=SC.C# and Course.T#= Teacher.T# and Tname='葉平'; 16、向SC表中插入一些記錄，這些記錄要求符合以下條件：沒有上過編號“003”課程的同學學號、2、 號課的平均成績； Insert SC select S#,'002',(Select avg(score) from SC where C#='002') from Student where S# not in (Select S# from SC where C#='002'); 17、按平均成績從高到低顯示所有學生的“數據庫”、“企業管理”、“英語”三門的課程成績，按如下形式顯示： 學生ID,,數據庫,企業管理,英語,有效課程數,有效平均分 SELECT S# as 學生ID ,(SELECT score FROM SC WHERE SC.S#=t.S# AND C#='004') AS 數據庫 ,(SELECT score FROM SC WHERE SC.S#=t.S# AND C#='001') AS 企業管理 ,(SELECT score FROM SC WHERE SC.S#=t.S# AND C#='006') AS 英語 ,COUNT(*) AS 有效課程數, AVG(t.score) AS 平均成績 FROM SC AS t GROUP BY S# ORDER BY avg(t.score) 18、查詢各科成績最高和最低的分：以如下形式顯示：課程ID，最高分，最低分 SELECT L.C# As 課程ID,L.score AS 最高分,R.score AS 最低分 FROM SC L ,SC AS R WHERE L.C# = R.C# and L.score = (SELECT MAX(IL.score) FROM SC AS IL,Student AS IM WHERE L.C# = IL.C# and IM.S#=IL.S# GROUP BY IL.C#) AND R.Score = (SELECT MIN(IR.score) FROM SC AS IR WHERE R.C# = IR.C# GROUP BY IR.C# );
自己寫的:select c# ,max(score)as 最高分 ,min(score) as 最低分 from dbo.sc ?group by c# 19、按各科平均成績從低到高和及格率的百分數從高到低順序 SELECT t.C# AS 課程號,max(course.Cname)AS 課程名,isnull(AVG(score),0) AS 平均成績 ,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN isnull(score,0)>=60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/COUNT(*) AS 及格百分數 FROM SC T,Course where t.C#=course.C# GROUP BY t.C# ORDER BY 100 * SUM(CASE WHEN isnull(score,0)>=60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/COUNT(*) DESC 20、查詢如下課程平均成績和及格率的百分數(用"1行"顯示): 企業管理（001），馬克思（002），OO&UML （003），數據庫（004） SELECT SUM(CASE WHEN C# ='001' THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE C# WHEN '001' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 企業管理平均分 ,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '001' AND score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '001' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 企業管理及格百分數 ,SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '002' THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE C# WHEN '002' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 馬克思平均分 ,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '002' AND score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '002' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 馬克思及格百分數 ,SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '003' THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE C# WHEN '003' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS UML平均分 ,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '003' AND score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '003' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS UML及格百分數 ,SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '004' THEN score ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE C# WHEN '004' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 數據庫平均分 ,100 * SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '004' AND score >= 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)/SUM(CASE WHEN C# = '004' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS 數據庫及格百分數 FROM SC 21、查詢不同老師所教不同課程平均分從高到低顯示 SELECT max(Z.T#) AS 教師ID,MAX(Z.Tname) AS 教師姓名,C.C# AS 課程ＩＤ,MAX(C.Cname) AS 課程名稱,AVG(Score) AS 平均成績 FROM SC AS T,Course AS C ,Teacher AS Z where T.C#=C.C# and C.T#=Z.T# GROUP BY C.C# ORDER BY AVG(Score) DESC 22、查詢如下課程成績第 3 名到第 6 名的學生成績單：企業管理（001），馬克思（002），UML （003），數據庫（004） [學生ID],[學生姓名],企業管理,馬克思,UML,數據庫,平均成績 SELECT DISTINCT top 3 SC.S# As 學生學號, Student.Sname AS 學生姓名 , T1.score AS 企業管理, T2.score AS 馬克思, T3.score AS UML, T4.score AS 數據庫, ISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0) as 總分 FROM Student,SC LEFT JOIN SC AS T1 ON SC.S# = T1.S# AND T1.C# = '001' LEFT JOIN SC AS T2 ON SC.S# = T2.S# AND T2.C# = '002' LEFT JOIN SC AS T3 ON SC.S# = T3.S# AND T3.C# = '003' LEFT JOIN SC AS T4 ON SC.S# = T4.S# AND T4.C# = '004' WHERE student.S#=SC.S# and ISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0) NOT IN (SELECT DISTINCT TOP 15 WITH TIES ISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0) FROM sc LEFT JOIN sc AS T1 ON sc.S# = T1.S# AND T1.C# = 'k1' LEFT JOIN sc AS T2 ON sc.S# = T2.S# AND T2.C# = 'k2' LEFT JOIN sc AS T3 ON sc.S# = T3.S# AND T3.C# = 'k3' LEFT JOIN sc AS T4 ON sc.S# = T4.S# AND T4.C# = 'k4' ORDER BY ISNULL(T1.score,0) + ISNULL(T2.score,0) + ISNULL(T3.score,0) + ISNULL(T4.score,0) DESC); 23、統計列印各科成績,各分數段人數:課程ID,課程名稱,[100-85],[85-70],[70-60],[ <60] SELECT SC.C# as 課程ID, Cname as 課程名稱 ,SUM(CASE WHEN score BETWEEN 85 AND 100 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [100 - 85] ,SUM(CASE WHEN score BETWEEN 70 AND 85 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [85 - 70] ,SUM(CASE WHEN score BETWEEN 60 AND 70 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [70 - 60] ,SUM(CASE WHEN score < 60 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS [60 -] FROM SC,Course where SC.C#=Course.C# GROUP BY SC.C#,Cname; 24、查詢學生平均成績及其名次 SELECT 1+(SELECT COUNT( distinct 平均成績) FROM (SELECT S#,AVG(score) AS 平均成績 FROM SC GROUP BY S# ) AS T1 WHERE 平均成績 > T2.平均成績) as 名次, S# as 學生學號,平均成績 FROM (SELECT S#,AVG(score) 平均成績 FROM SC GROUP BY S# ) AS T2 ORDER BY 平均成績 desc; 25、查詢各科成績前三名的記錄:(不考慮成績并列情況) SELECT t1.S# as 學生ID,t1.C# as 課程ID,Score as 分數 FROM SC t1 WHERE score IN (SELECT TOP 3 score FROM SC WHERE t1.C#= C# ORDER BY score DESC ) ORDER BY t1.C#; 26、查詢每門課程被選修的學生數 select c#,count(S#) from sc group by C#; 27、查詢出只選修了一門課程的全部學生的學號和姓名 select SC.S#,Student.Sname,count(C#) AS 選課數 from SC ,Student where SC.S#=Student.S# group by SC.S# ,Student.Sname having count(C#)=1; 28、查詢男生、女生人數 Select count(Ssex) as 男生人數 from Student group by Ssex having Ssex='男'; Select count(Ssex) as 女生人數 from Student group by Ssex having Ssex='女'； 29、查詢姓“張”的學生名單 SELECT Sname FROM Student WHERE Sname like '張%'; 30、查詢同名同性學生名單，并統計同名人數 select Sname,count(*) from Student group by Sname having count(*)>1;; 31、1981年出生的學生名單(注：Student表中Sage列的類型是datetime) select Sname, CONVERT(char (11),DATEPART(year,Sage)) as age from student where CONVERT(char(11),DATEPART(year,Sage))='1981'; 32、查詢每門課程的平均成績，結果按平均成績升序排列，平均成績相同時，按課程號降序排列 Select C#,Avg(score) from SC group by C# order by Avg(score),C# DESC ; 33、查詢平均成績大于85的所有學生的學號、姓名和平均成績 select Sname,SC.S# ,avg(score) from Student,SC where Student.S#=SC.S# group by SC.S#,Sname having avg(score)>85; 34、查詢課程名稱為“數據庫”，且分數低于60的學生姓名和分數 Select Sname,isnull(score,0) from Student,SC,Course where SC.S#=Student.S# and SC.C#=Course.C# and Course.Cname='數據庫'and score <60; 35、查詢所有學生的選課情況； SELECT SC.S#,SC.C#,Sname,Cname FROM SC,Student,Course where SC.S#=Student.S# and SC.C#=Course.C# ; 36、查詢任何一門課程成績在70分以上的姓名、課程名稱和分數； SELECT distinct student.S#,student.Sname,SC.C#,SC.score FROM student,Sc WHERE SC.score>=70 AND SC.S#=student.S#; 37、查詢不及格的課程，并按課程號從大到小排列 select c# from sc where scor e <60 order by C# ; 38、查詢課程編號為003且課程成績在80分以上的學生的學號和姓名； select SC.S#,Student.Sname from SC,Student where SC.S#=Student.S# and Score>80 and C#='003'; 39、求選了課程的學生人數 select count(*) from sc; 40、查詢選修“葉平”老師所授課程的學生中，成績最高的學生姓名及其成績 select Student.Sname,score from Student,SC,Course C,Teacher where Student.S#=SC.S# and SC.C#=C.C# and C.T#=Teacher.T# and Teacher.Tname='葉平' and SC.score=(select max(score)from SC where C#=C.C# ); 41、查詢各個課程及相應的選修人數 select count(*) from sc group by C#; 42、查詢不同課程成績相同的學生的學號、課程號、學生成績 select distinct A.S#,B.score from SC A ,SC B where A.Score=B.Score and A.C# <>B.C# ; 43、查詢每門功成績最好的前兩名 SELECT t1.S# as 學生ID,t1.C# as 課程ID,Score as 分數 FROM SC t1 WHERE score IN (SELECT TOP 2 score FROM SC WHERE t1.C#= C# ORDER BY score DESC ) ORDER BY t1.C#; 44、統計每門課程的學生選修人數（超過10人的課程才統計）。要求輸出課程號和選修人數，查詢結果按人數降序排列，查詢結果按人數降序排列，若人數相同，按課程號升序排列 select C# as 課程號,count(*) as 人數 from sc group by C# order by count(*) desc,c# 45、檢索至少選修兩門課程的學生學號 select S# from sc group by s# having count(*) > = 2 46、查詢全部學生都選修的課程的課程號和課程名 select C#,Cname from Course where C# in (select c# from sc group by c#) 47、查詢沒學過“葉平”老師講授的任一門課程的學生姓名 select Sname from Student where S# not in (select S# from Course,Teacher,SC where Course.T#=Teacher.T# and SC.C#=course.C# and Tname='葉平'); 48、查詢兩門以上不及格課程的同學的學號及其平均成績 select S#,avg(isnull(score,0)) from SC where S# in (select S# from SC where score <60 group by S# having count(*)>2)group by S#; 49、檢索“004”課程分數小于60，按分數降序排列的同學學號 select S# from SC where C#='004'and score <60 order by score desc; 50、刪除“002”同學的“001”課程的成績 delete from Sc where S#='001'and C#='001';

問題描述：

本題用到下面三個關系表：

CARD 借書卡。 CNO 卡號，NAME 姓名，CLASS 班級

BOOKS 圖書。 BNO 書號，BNAME 書名,AUTHOR 作者，PRICE 單價，QUANTITY 庫存冊數

BORROW 借書記錄。 CNO 借書卡號，BNO 書號，RDATE 還書日期

備注：限定每人每種書只能借一本；庫存冊數隨借書、還書而改變。

要求實現如下15個處理：

1. 寫出建立BORROW表的SQL語句，要求定義主碼完整性約束和引用完整性約束 --實現代碼： CREATE TABLE BORROW(CNO int FOREIGN KEY REFERENCES CARD(CNO),BNO int FOREIGN KEY REFERENCES BOOKS(BNO),RDATE datetime,PRIMARY KEY(CNO,BNO)) 2. 找出借書超過5本的讀者,輸出借書卡號及所借圖書冊數 --實現代碼： SELECT CNO,借圖書冊數=COUNT(*) FROM BORROW GROUP BY CNO HAVING COUNT(*)>53. 查詢借閱了"水滸"一書的讀者，輸出姓名及班級 --實現代碼： SELECT * FROM CARD c WHERE EXISTS(SELECT * FROM BORROW a,BOOKS b WHERE a.BNO=b.BNOAND b.BNAME=N'水滸'AND a.CNO=c.CNO) 4. 查詢過期未還圖書，輸出借閱者（卡號）、書號及還書日期 --實現代碼： SELECT * FROM BORROW WHERE RDATE<GETDATE() 5. 查詢書名包括"網絡"關鍵詞的圖書，輸出書號、書名、作者 --實現代碼： SELECT BNO,BNAME,AUTHOR FROM BOOKS WHERE BNAME LIKE N'%網絡%' 6. 查詢現有圖書中價格最高的圖書，輸出書名及作者 --實現代碼： SELECT BNO,BNAME,AUTHOR FROM BOOKS WHERE PRICE=(SELECT MAX(PRICE) FROM BOOKS) 7. 查詢當前借了"計算方法"但沒有借"計算方法習題集"的讀者，輸出其借書卡號，并按卡號降序排序輸出 --實現代碼： SELECT a.CNO FROM BORROW a,BOOKS b WHERE a.BNO=b.BNO AND b.BNAME=N'計算方法'AND NOT EXISTS(SELECT * FROM BORROW aa,BOOKS bbWHERE aa.BNO=bb.BNOAND bb.BNAME=N'計算方法習題集'AND aa.CNO=a.CNO) ORDER BY a.CNO DESC 8. 將"C01"班同學所借圖書的還期都延長一周 --實現代碼： UPDATE b SET RDATE=DATEADD(Day,7,b.RDATE) FROM CARD a,BORROW b WHERE a.CNO=b.CNOAND a.CLASS=N'C01' 9. 從BOOKS表中刪除當前無人借閱的圖書記錄 --實現代碼： DELETE A FROM BOOKS a WHERE NOT EXISTS(SELECT * FROM BORROWWHERE BNO=a.BNO) 10. 如果經常按書名查詢圖書信息，請建立合適的索引 --實現代碼： CREATE CLUSTERED INDEX IDX_BOOKS_BNAME ON BOOKS(BNAME)11. 在BORROW表上建立一個觸發器，完成如下功能：如果讀者借閱的書名是"數據庫技術及應用"，就將該讀者的借閱記錄保存在BORROW_SAVE表中（注ORROW_SAVE表結構同BORROW表） --實現代碼： CREATE TRIGGER TR_SAVE ON BORROW FOR INSERT,UPDATE AS IF @@ROWCOUNT>0 INSERT BORROW_SAVE SELECT i.* FROM INSERTED i,BOOKS b WHERE i.BNO=b.BNOAND b.BNAME=N'數據庫技術及應用' 12. 建立一個視圖，顯示"力01"班學生的借書信息（只要求顯示姓名和書名） --實現代碼： CREATE VIEW V_VIEW AS SELECT a.NAME,b.BNAME FROM BORROW ab,CARD a,BOOKS b WHERE ab.CNO=a.CNOAND ab.BNO=b.BNOAND a.CLASS=N'力01'13. 查詢當前同時借有"計算方法"和"組合數學"兩本書的讀者，輸出其借書卡號，并按卡號升序排序輸出 --實現代碼： SELECT a.CNO FROM BORROW a,BOOKS b WHERE a.BNO=b.BNOAND b.BNAME IN(N'計算方法',N'組合數學') GROUP BY a.CNO HAVING COUNT(*)=2 ORDER BY a.CNO DESC 14. 假定在建BOOKS表時沒有定義主碼，寫出為BOOKS表追加定義主碼的語句 --實現代碼： ALTER TABLE BOOKS ADD PRIMARY KEY(BNO) 15.1 將NAME最大列寬增加到10個字符（假定原為6個字符） --實現代碼： ALTER TABLE CARD ALTER COLUMN NAME varchar(10) 15.2 為該表增加1列NAME（系名），可變長，最大20個字符 --實現代碼： ALTER TABLE CARD ADD 系名 varchar(20)

問題描述： 為管理崗位業務培訓信息，建立3個表:

S (S#,SN,SD,SA) S#,SN,SD,SA 分別代表學號、學員姓名、所屬單位、學員年齡

C (C#,CN ) C#,CN 分別代表課程編號、課程名稱

SC ( S#,C#,G ) S#,C#,G 分別代表學號、所選修的課程編號、學習成績

要求實現如下5個處理：

1. 使用標準SQL嵌套語句查詢選修課程名稱為’稅收基礎’的學員學號和姓名 --實現代碼： SELECT SN,SD FROM S WHERE [S#] IN(SELECT [S#] FROM C,SCWHERE C.[C#]=SC.[C#]AND CN=N'稅收基礎')2. 使用標準SQL嵌套語句查詢選修課程編號為’C2’的學員姓名和所屬單位 --實現代碼： SELECT S.SN,S.SD FROM S,SC WHERE S.[S#]=SC.[S#]AND SC.[C#]='C2'3. 使用標準SQL嵌套語句查詢不選修課程編號為’C5’的學員姓名和所屬單位 --實現代碼： SELECT SN,SD FROM S WHERE [S#] NOT IN(SELECT [S#] FROM SC WHERE [C#]='C5')4. 使用標準SQL嵌套語句查詢選修全部課程的學員姓名和所屬單位 --實現代碼： SELECT SN,SD FROM S WHERE [S#] IN(SELECT [S#] FROM SC RIGHT JOIN C ON SC.[C#]=C.[C#]GROUP BY [S#]HAVING COUNT(*)=COUNT(DISTINCT [S#]))5. 查詢選修了課程的學員人數 --實現代碼： SELECT 學員人數=COUNT(DISTINCT [S#]) FROM SC6. 查詢選修課程超過5門的學員學號和所屬單位 --實現代碼： SELECT SN,SD FROM S WHERE [S#] IN(SELECT [S#] FROM SC GROUP BY [S#]HAVING COUNT(DISTINCT [C#])>5)

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轉載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/qixuejia/p/3637735.html

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