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gson json转map_Java几种常用JSON库性能比较
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作者:飛污熊
xncoding.com/2018/01/09/java/jsons.html
本篇通過JMH來測試一下Java中幾種常見的JSON解析庫的性能。?每次都在網(wǎng)上看到別人說什么某某庫性能是如何如何的好,碾壓其他的庫。但是百聞不如一見,只有自己親手測試過的才是最值得相信的。
JSON不管是在Web開發(fā)還是服務(wù)器開發(fā)中是相當(dāng)常見的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸格式,一般情況我們對(duì)于JSON解析構(gòu)造的性能并不需要過于關(guān)心,除非是在性能要求比較高的系統(tǒng)。
目前對(duì)于Java開源的JSON類庫有很多種,下面我們?nèi)?個(gè)常用的JSON庫進(jìn)行性能測試對(duì)比,?同時(shí)根據(jù)測試結(jié)果分析如果根據(jù)實(shí)際應(yīng)用場景選擇最合適的JSON庫。
這4個(gè)JSON類庫分別為:Gson,FastJson,Jackson,Json-lib。
簡單介紹
選擇一個(gè)合適的JSON庫要從多個(gè)方面進(jìn)行考慮:
字符串解析成JSON性能
字符串解析成JavaBean性能
JavaBean構(gòu)造JSON性能
集合構(gòu)造JSON性能
易用性
先簡單介紹下四個(gè)類庫的身份背景
Gson
項(xiàng)目地址:https://github.com/google/gson
Gson是目前功能最全的Json解析神器,Gson當(dāng)初是為因應(yīng)Google公司內(nèi)部需求而由Google自行研發(fā)而來,但自從在2008年五月公開發(fā)布第一版后已被許多公司或用戶應(yīng)用。?Gson的應(yīng)用主要為toJson與fromJson兩個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)換函數(shù),無依賴,不需要例外額外的jar,能夠直接跑在JDK上。?在使用這種對(duì)象轉(zhuǎn)換之前,需先創(chuàng)建好對(duì)象的類型以及其成員才能成功的將JSON字符串成功轉(zhuǎn)換成相對(duì)應(yīng)的對(duì)象。?類里面只要有g(shù)et和set方法,Gson完全可以實(shí)現(xiàn)復(fù)雜類型的json到bean或bean到j(luò)son的轉(zhuǎn)換,是JSON解析的神器。
FastJson
項(xiàng)目地址:https://github.com/alibaba/fastjson
Fastjson是一個(gè)Java語言編寫的高性能的JSON處理器,由阿里巴巴公司開發(fā)。無依賴,不需要例外額外的jar,能夠直接跑在JDK上。?FastJson在復(fù)雜類型的Bean轉(zhuǎn)換Json上會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些問題,可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)引用的類型,導(dǎo)致Json轉(zhuǎn)換出錯(cuò),需要制定引用。?FastJson采用獨(dú)創(chuàng)的算法,將parse的速度提升到極致,超過所有json庫。
Jackson
項(xiàng)目地址:https://github.com/FasterXML/jackson
Jackson是當(dāng)前用的比較廣泛的,用來序列化和反序列化json的Java開源框架。Jackson社區(qū)相對(duì)比較活躍,更新速度也比較快,?從Github中的統(tǒng)計(jì)來看,Jackson是最流行的json解析器之一,Spring?MVC的默認(rèn)json解析器便是Jackson。
Jackson優(yōu)點(diǎn)很多:
Jackson?所依賴的jar包較少,簡單易用。
與其他?Java?的?json?的框架?Gson?等相比,Jackson?解析大的?json?文件速度比較快。
Jackson 運(yùn)行時(shí)占用內(nèi)存比較低,性能比較好
Jackson?有靈活的?API,可以很容易進(jìn)行擴(kuò)展和定制。
目前最新版本是2.9.4,Jackson?的核心模塊由三部分組成:
jackson-core?核心包,提供基于”流模式”解析的相關(guān)?API,它包括?JsonPaser?和?JsonGenerator。Jackson?內(nèi)部實(shí)現(xiàn)正是通過高性能的流模式?API?的?JsonGenerator?和?JsonParser?來生成和解析?json。
jackson-annotations?注解包,提供標(biāo)準(zhǔn)注解功能;
jackson-databind?數(shù)據(jù)綁定包,提供基于”對(duì)象綁定”?解析的相關(guān)?API(?ObjectMapper?)和”樹模型”?解析的相關(guān)?API(JsonNode);基于”對(duì)象綁定”?解析的?API?和”樹模型”解析的?API?依賴基于”流模式”解析的?API。
為什么Jackson的介紹這么長啊?因?yàn)樗彩潜救说淖類邸?/p>
Json-lib
項(xiàng)目地址:http://json-lib.sourceforge.net/index.html
json-lib最開始的也是應(yīng)用最廣泛的json解析工具,json-lib?不好的地方確實(shí)是依賴于很多第三方包,對(duì)于復(fù)雜類型的轉(zhuǎn)換,json-lib對(duì)于json轉(zhuǎn)換成bean還有缺陷,?比如一個(gè)類里面會(huì)出現(xiàn)另一個(gè)類的list或者map集合,json-lib從json到bean的轉(zhuǎn)換就會(huì)出現(xiàn)問題。json-lib在功能和性能上面都不能滿足現(xiàn)在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)化的需求。
編寫性能測試
接下來開始編寫這四個(gè)庫的性能測試代碼。
添加maven依賴
當(dāng)然首先是添加四個(gè)庫的maven依賴,公平起見,我全部使用它們最新的版本:
<dependency>
????<groupId>net.sf.json-libgroupId>
????<artifactId>json-libartifactId>
????<version>2.4version>
????<classifier>jdk15classifier>
dependency>
<dependency>
????<groupId>com.google.code.gsongroupId>
????<artifactId>gsonartifactId>
????<version>2.8.2version>
dependency>
<dependency>
????<groupId>com.alibabagroupId>
????<artifactId>fastjsonartifactId>
????<version>1.2.46version>
dependency>
<dependency>
????<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.coregroupId>
????<artifactId>jackson-databindartifactId>
????<version>2.9.4version>
dependency>
<dependency>
????<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.coregroupId>
????<artifactId>jackson-annotationsartifactId>
????<version>2.9.4version>
dependency>
四個(gè)庫的工具類
FastJsonUtil.java
public?class?FastJsonUtil?{????public?static?String?bean2Json(Object?obj)?{
????????return?JSON.toJSONString(obj);
????}
????public?static??T?json2Bean(String?jsonStr,?Class?objClass)?{return?JSON.parseObject(jsonStr,?objClass);
????}
}
GsonUtil.java
public?class?GsonUtil?{????private?static?Gson?gson?=?new?GsonBuilder().create();
????public?static?String?bean2Json(Object?obj)?{
????????return?gson.toJson(obj);
????}
????public?static??T?json2Bean(String?jsonStr,?Class?objClass)?{return?gson.fromJson(jsonStr,?objClass);
????}public?static?String?jsonFormatter(String?uglyJsonStr)?{
????????Gson?gson?=?new?GsonBuilder().setPrettyPrinting().create();
????????JsonParser?jp?=?new?JsonParser();
????????JsonElement?je?=?jp.parse(uglyJsonStr);return?gson.toJson(je);
????}
}
JacksonUtil.java
public?class?JacksonUtil?{????private?static?ObjectMapper?mapper?=?new?ObjectMapper();
????public?static?String?bean2Json(Object?obj)?{
????????try?{
????????????return?mapper.writeValueAsString(obj);
????????}?catch?(JsonProcessingException?e)?{
????????????e.printStackTrace();
????????????return?null;
????????}
????}
????public?static??T?json2Bean(String?jsonStr,?Class?objClass)?{try?{return?mapper.readValue(jsonStr,?objClass);
????????}?catch?(IOException?e)?{
????????????e.printStackTrace();return?null;
????????}
????}
}
JsonLibUtil.java
public?class?JsonLibUtil?{????public?static?String?bean2Json(Object?obj)?{
????????JSONObject?jsonObject?=?JSONObject.fromObject(obj);
????????return?jsonObject.toString();
????}
????@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
????public?static??T?json2Bean(String?jsonStr,?Class?objClass)?{return?(T)?JSONObject.toBean(JSONObject.fromObject(jsonStr),?objClass);
????}
}
準(zhǔn)備Model類
這里我寫一個(gè)簡單的Person類,同時(shí)屬性有Date、List、Map和自定義的類FullName,最大程度模擬真實(shí)場景。
public?class?Person?{????private?String?name;
????private?FullName?fullName;
????private?int?age;
????private?Date?birthday;
????private?List?hobbies;private?Map?clothes;private?List?friends;//?getter/setter省略@Overridepublic?String?toString()?{
????????StringBuilder?str?=?new?StringBuilder("Person?[name="?+?name?+?",?fullName="?+?fullName?+?",?age="
????????????????+?age?+?",?birthday="?+?birthday?+?",?hobbies="?+?hobbies
????????????????+?",?clothes="?+?clothes?+?"]\n");if?(friends?!=?null)?{
????????????str.append("Friends:\n");for?(Person?f?:?friends)?{
????????????????str.append("\t").append(f);
????????????}
????????}return?str.toString();
????}
}public?class?FullName?{
????private?String?firstName;
????private?String?middleName;
????private?String?lastName;
????public?FullName()?{
????}
????public?FullName(String?firstName,?String?middleName,?String?lastName)?{
????????this.firstName?=?firstName;
????????this.middleName?=?middleName;
????????this.lastName?=?lastName;
????}
????//?省略getter和setter
????@Override
????public?String?toString()?{
????????return?"[firstName="?+?firstName?+?",?middleName="
????????????????+?middleName?+?",?lastName="?+?lastName?+?"]";
????}
}
JSON序列化性能基準(zhǔn)測試
@BenchmarkMode(Mode.SingleShotTime)@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.SECONDS)
@State(Scope.Benchmark)
public?class?JsonSerializeBenchmark?{
????/**
?????*?序列化次數(shù)參數(shù)
?????*/
????@Param({"1000",?"10000",?"100000"})
????private?int?count;
????private?Person?p;
????public?static?void?main(String[]?args)?throws?Exception?{
????????Options?opt?=?new?OptionsBuilder()
????????????????.include(JsonSerializeBenchmark.class.getSimpleName())
????????????????.forks(1)
????????????????.warmupIterations(0)
????????????????.build();
????????Collection?results?=??new?Runner(opt).run();
????????ResultExporter.exportResult("JSON序列化性能",?results,?"count",?"秒");
????}@Benchmarkpublic?void?JsonLib()?{for?(int?i?=?0;?i?????????????JsonLibUtil.bean2Json(p);
????????}
????}@Benchmarkpublic?void?Gson()?{for?(int?i?=?0;?i?????????????GsonUtil.bean2Json(p);
????????}
????}@Benchmarkpublic?void?FastJson()?{for?(int?i?=?0;?i?????????????FastJsonUtil.bean2Json(p);
????????}
????}@Benchmarkpublic?void?Jackson()?{for?(int?i?=?0;?i?????????????JacksonUtil.bean2Json(p);
????????}
????}@Setuppublic?void?prepare()?{
????????List?friends=new?ArrayList();
????????friends.add(createAPerson("小明",null));
????????friends.add(createAPerson("Tony",null));
????????friends.add(createAPerson("陳小二",null));
????????p=createAPerson("邵同學(xué)",friends);
????}@TearDownpublic?void?shutdown()?{
????}private?Person?createAPerson(String?name,List?friends)?{
????????Person?newPerson=new?Person();
????????newPerson.setName(name);
????????newPerson.setFullName(new?FullName("zjj_first",?"zjj_middle",?"zjj_last"));
????????newPerson.setAge(24);
????????List?hobbies=new?ArrayList();
????????hobbies.add("籃球");
????????hobbies.add("游泳");
????????hobbies.add("coding");
????????newPerson.setHobbies(hobbies);
????????Map?clothes=new?HashMap();
????????clothes.put("coat",?"Nike");
????????clothes.put("trousers",?"adidas");
????????clothes.put("shoes",?"安踏");
????????newPerson.setClothes(clothes);
????????newPerson.setFriends(friends);return?newPerson;
????}
}
說明一下,上面的代碼中
ResultExporter.exportResult("JSON序列化性能",?results,?"count",?"秒");這個(gè)是我自己編寫的將性能測試報(bào)告數(shù)據(jù)填充至Echarts圖,然后導(dǎo)出png圖片的方法。
執(zhí)行后的結(jié)果圖:
從上面的測試結(jié)果可以看出,序列化次數(shù)比較小的時(shí)候,Gson性能最好,當(dāng)不斷增加的時(shí)候到了100000,Gson明細(xì)弱于Jackson和FastJson,?這時(shí)候FastJson性能是真的牛,另外還可以看到不管數(shù)量少還是多,Jackson一直表現(xiàn)優(yōu)異。而那個(gè)Json-lib簡直就是來搞笑的。^_^
JSON反序列化性能基準(zhǔn)測試
@BenchmarkMode(Mode.SingleShotTime)@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.SECONDS)
@State(Scope.Benchmark)
public?class?JsonDeserializeBenchmark?{
????/**
?????*?反序列化次數(shù)參數(shù)
?????*/
????@Param({"1000",?"10000",?"100000"})
????private?int?count;
????private?String?jsonStr;
????public?static?void?main(String[]?args)?throws?Exception?{
????????Options?opt?=?new?OptionsBuilder()
????????????????.include(JsonDeserializeBenchmark.class.getSimpleName())
????????????????.forks(1)
????????????????.warmupIterations(0)
????????????????.build();
????????Collection?results?=??new?Runner(opt).run();
????????ResultExporter.exportResult("JSON反序列化性能",?results,?"count",?"秒");
????}
????@Benchmarkpublic?void?JsonLib()?{for?(int?i?=?0;?i?????????????JsonLibUtil.json2Bean(jsonStr,?Person.class);
????????}
????}
????@Benchmarkpublic?void?Gson()?{for?(int?i?=?0;?i?????????????GsonUtil.json2Bean(jsonStr,?Person.class);
????????}
????}
????@Benchmarkpublic?void?FastJson()?{for?(int?i?=?0;?i?????????????FastJsonUtil.json2Bean(jsonStr,?Person.class);
????????}
????}
????@Benchmarkpublic?void?Jackson()?{for?(int?i?=?0;?i?????????????JacksonUtil.json2Bean(jsonStr,?Person.class);
????????}
????}
????@Setuppublic?void?prepare()?{
????????jsonStr="{\"name\":\"邵同學(xué)\",\"fullName\":{\"firstName\":\"zjj_first\",\"middleName\":\"zjj_middle\",\"lastName\":\"zjj_last\"},\"age\":24,\"birthday\":null,\"hobbies\":[\"籃球\",\"游泳\",\"coding\"],\"clothes\":{\"shoes\":\"安踏\",\"trousers\":\"adidas\",\"coat\":\"Nike\"},\"friends\":[{\"name\":\"小明\",\"fullName\":{\"firstName\":\"xxx_first\",\"middleName\":\"xxx_middle\",\"lastName\":\"xxx_last\"},\"age\":24,\"birthday\":null,\"hobbies\":[\"籃球\",\"游泳\",\"coding\"],\"clothes\":{\"shoes\":\"安踏\",\"trousers\":\"adidas\",\"coat\":\"Nike\"},\"friends\":null},{\"name\":\"Tony\",\"fullName\":{\"firstName\":\"xxx_first\",\"middleName\":\"xxx_middle\",\"lastName\":\"xxx_last\"},\"age\":24,\"birthday\":null,\"hobbies\":[\"籃球\",\"游泳\",\"coding\"],\"clothes\":{\"shoes\":\"安踏\",\"trousers\":\"adidas\",\"coat\":\"Nike\"},\"friends\":null},{\"name\":\"陳小二\",\"fullName\":{\"firstName\":\"xxx_first\",\"middleName\":\"xxx_middle\",\"lastName\":\"xxx_last\"},\"age\":24,\"birthday\":null,\"hobbies\":[\"籃球\",\"游泳\",\"coding\"],\"clothes\":{\"shoes\":\"安踏\",\"trousers\":\"adidas\",\"coat\":\"Nike\"},\"friends\":null}]}";
????}
????@TearDownpublic?void?shutdown()?{
????}
}
執(zhí)行后的結(jié)果圖:
從上面的測試結(jié)果可以看出,反序列化的時(shí)候,Gson、Jackson和FastJson區(qū)別不大,性能都很優(yōu)異,而那個(gè)Json-lib還是來繼續(xù)搞笑的。
結(jié)束
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原創(chuàng)系列
數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)+算法(第12)玩平衡二叉樹就像蹺蹺板一樣簡單
數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)+算法(第11篇)玩平衡二叉樹就像蹺蹺板一樣簡單!
算法+數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)(第10篇)叉堆“功夫熊貓”的速成之路
數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)+算法(第09篇):菜鳥也能“種”好二叉樹!
數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)+算法(第08篇):史上最猛之遞歸屠龍奧義
數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)+算法(第07篇),動(dòng)態(tài)編程!黃袍加身!
算法+數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)(第06篇):再不會(huì)“降維打擊”你就出了!
算法+數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)(第5篇):小白也能玩轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)組和鏈表啦!
算法+數(shù)據(jù)解構(gòu)(第04篇),空間復(fù)雜度你真的懂了嗎?
數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)+算法(第03篇)KO!大O--時(shí)間復(fù)雜度
算法+數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)(第02篇)玩掃雷就是優(yōu)化算法
算法+數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)(第01篇)走下神壇吧!算法
是不是很棒!分享一下吧,小伙伴們!
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