java继承的举例_java继承实例
實例需求：實現一個名為Person的類和它的子類Employee，Manager是Employee的子類，設計一 個類Add()用于漲工資，普通員工一次能漲10%，經理能漲20%。
具體要求如下:
(1)Person類中的屬性有：姓名name String(類型)，地址address(String類型)，定義該類的構造方法；(2)Employee 類中的屬性有：工號ID(String類型)，工資wage(double類型)，工齡(int 型)，定義該類的構造方法；
(3)Manager類中的屬性有：級別level(String類型)定義該類的構造方法；
(4)編寫一個測試類，產生一個員工和一個經理，給該員工和經理漲工資。
1、利用繼承的特性
當子類沒有相應的成員方法時，調用父類的同名方法。
Person.java
package person_employee;
public class Person {
private String name = "";
private String address = "";
//定義構造方法
public Person(String name, String address){
this.name = name;
this.address = address;
}
}
Employee.java
package person_employee;
// 繼承Person類
public class Employee extends Person {
private String ID = "";
private double wage = 0;
private int age = 0;
public Employee(String name, String address, String ID, double wage, int age){
super(name, address); //調用父類的構造方法
this.ID = ID;
this.wage = wage;
this.age = age;
}
public double add(String position){// 判斷職位
if(position == "0"){
wage = wage*1.2;
}
else{
wage = wage*1.1;
}
return wage;
}
//設置get/set方法
public double getWage() {
return wage;
}
public void setWage(double wage) {
this.wage = wage;
}
}
Manager.java
package person_employee;
//繼承Employee類
public class Manager extends Employee{
private String level = ""; //1為普通員工，0為經理
public Manager(String name, String address, String ID, double wage, int age, String level){
super(name, address, ID, wage, age);
this.level = level;
}
//設置get/set方法
public String getLevel() {
return level;
}
public void setLevel(String level) {
this.level = level;
}
}
Test.java
package person_employee;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 新建對象
Manager normal = new Manager("wsl", "jit", "12", 1000, 2, "1");
Manager manager = new Manager("ctl", "jitt", "123", 10000, 10, "0");
// 傳入職位，Manager類型的對象沒有add()方法，所以自動搜尋其父類，調用add()方法
normal.add(normal.getLevel());
manager.add(manager.getLevel());
System.out.println("normal wage is:"+normal.getWage());
System.out.println("manager wage is:"+manager.getWage());
}
}
打印結果：
打印結果
2、定義抽象類
定義抽象類，在子類中實現不同的抽象方法。
Person.java
package person_employee;
public class Person {
private String name = "";
private String address = "";
//定義構造方法
public Person(String name, String address){
this.name = name;
this.address = address;
}
}
Employee.java
package person_employee;
public abstract class Employee extends Person {
private String ID = "";
private double wage = 0;
private int age = 0;
public Employee(String name, String address, String ID, double wage, int age){
super(name, address);
this.ID = ID;
this.wage = wage;
this.age = age;
}
//定義抽象方法
public abstract void add(String position);
//設置get/set方法
public double getWage() {
return wage;
}
public void setWage(double wage) {
this.wage = wage;
}
}
Manager.java
package person_employee;
public class Manager extends Employee{
private String level = "";
public Manager(String name, String address, String ID, double wage, int age, String level){
super(name, address, ID, wage, age);
this.level = level;
}
//實現抽象方法
public void add(String position){
double wage = super.getWage();
if(position == "0"){
super.setWage(wage*1.2);
}
else{
super.setWage(wage*1.1);;
}
}
public String getLevel() {
return level;
}
public void setLevel(String level) {
this.level = level;
}
}
Test.java
package person_employee;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Manager normal = new Manager("wsl", "jit", "12", 1000, 2, "1");
Manager manager = new Manager("ctl", "jitt", "123", 10000, 10, "0");
normal.add(normal.getLevel());
manager.add(manager.getLevel());
System.out.println("normal wage is:"+normal.getWage());
System.out.println("manager wage is:"+manager.getWage());
}
}
打印結果一樣。
3、在2的基礎上利用多態實現方法的重載
Manager.java
package person_employee;
public class Manager extends Employee{
private String level = "";
public Manager(String name, String address, String ID, double wage, int age, String level){
super(name, address, ID, wage, age);
this.level = level;
}
//實現抽象方法
public void add(){
double wage = super.getWage();
super.setWage(wage*1.1);
}
public void add(String position){
double wage = super.getWage();
super.setWage(wage*1.2);
}
public String getLevel() {
return level;
}
public void setLevel(String level) {
this.level = level;
}
}
Test.java
package person_employee;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Manager normal = new Manager("wsl", "jit", "12", 1000, 2, "1");
Manager manager = new Manager("ctl", "jitt", "123", 10000, 10, "0");
normal.add();
manager.add(manager.getLevel());
System.out.println("normal wage is:"+normal.getWage());
System.out.println("manager wage is:"+manager.getWage());
}
}
打印結果一樣
總結
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