實例需求：實現一個名為Person的類和它的子類Employee，Manager是Employee的子類，設計一 個類Add()用于漲工資，普通員工一次能漲10%，經理能漲20%。

具體要求如下:

(1)Person類中的屬性有：姓名name String(類型)，地址address(String類型)，定義該類的構造方法；(2)Employee 類中的屬性有：工號ID(String類型)，工資wage(double類型)，工齡(int 型)，定義該類的構造方法；

(3)Manager類中的屬性有：級別level(String類型)定義該類的構造方法；

(4)編寫一個測試類，產生一個員工和一個經理，給該員工和經理漲工資。

1、利用繼承的特性

當子類沒有相應的成員方法時，調用父類的同名方法。

Person.java

package person_employee;

public class Person {

private String name = "";

private String address = "";

//定義構造方法

public Person(String name, String address){

this.name = name;

this.address = address;

}

}

Employee.java

package person_employee;

// 繼承Person類

public class Employee extends Person {

private String ID = "";

private double wage = 0;

private int age = 0;

public Employee(String name, String address, String ID, double wage, int age){

super(name, address); //調用父類的構造方法

this.ID = ID;

this.wage = wage;

this.age = age;

}

public double add(String position){// 判斷職位

if(position == "0"){

wage = wage*1.2;

}

else{

wage = wage*1.1;

}

return wage;

}

//設置get/set方法

public double getWage() {

return wage;

}

public void setWage(double wage) {

this.wage = wage;

}

}

Manager.java

package person_employee;

//繼承Employee類

public class Manager extends Employee{

private String level = ""; //1為普通員工，0為經理

public Manager(String name, String address, String ID, double wage, int age, String level){

super(name, address, ID, wage, age);

this.level = level;

}

//設置get/set方法

public String getLevel() {

return level;

}

public void setLevel(String level) {

this.level = level;

}

}

Test.java

package person_employee;

public class Test {

public static void main(String[] args) {

// 新建對象

Manager normal = new Manager("wsl", "jit", "12", 1000, 2, "1");

Manager manager = new Manager("ctl", "jitt", "123", 10000, 10, "0");

// 傳入職位，Manager類型的對象沒有add()方法，所以自動搜尋其父類，調用add()方法

normal.add(normal.getLevel());

manager.add(manager.getLevel());

System.out.println("normal wage is:"+normal.getWage());

System.out.println("manager wage is:"+manager.getWage());

}

}

打印結果：

打印結果

2、定義抽象類

定義抽象類，在子類中實現不同的抽象方法。

Person.java

package person_employee;

public class Person {

private String name = "";

private String address = "";

//定義構造方法

public Person(String name, String address){

this.name = name;

this.address = address;

}

}

Employee.java

package person_employee;

public abstract class Employee extends Person {

private String ID = "";

private double wage = 0;

private int age = 0;

public Employee(String name, String address, String ID, double wage, int age){

super(name, address);

this.ID = ID;

this.wage = wage;

this.age = age;

}

//定義抽象方法

public abstract void add(String position);

//設置get/set方法

public double getWage() {

return wage;

}

public void setWage(double wage) {

this.wage = wage;

}

}

Manager.java

package person_employee;

public class Manager extends Employee{

private String level = "";

public Manager(String name, String address, String ID, double wage, int age, String level){

super(name, address, ID, wage, age);

this.level = level;

}

//實現抽象方法

public void add(String position){

double wage = super.getWage();

if(position == "0"){

super.setWage(wage*1.2);

}

else{

super.setWage(wage*1.1);;

}

}

public String getLevel() {

return level;

}

public void setLevel(String level) {

this.level = level;

}

}

Test.java

package person_employee;

public class Test {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Manager normal = new Manager("wsl", "jit", "12", 1000, 2, "1");

Manager manager = new Manager("ctl", "jitt", "123", 10000, 10, "0");

normal.add(normal.getLevel());

manager.add(manager.getLevel());

System.out.println("normal wage is:"+normal.getWage());

System.out.println("manager wage is:"+manager.getWage());

}

}

打印結果一樣。

3、在2的基礎上利用多態實現方法的重載

Manager.java

package person_employee;

public class Manager extends Employee{

private String level = "";

public Manager(String name, String address, String ID, double wage, int age, String level){

super(name, address, ID, wage, age);

this.level = level;

}

//實現抽象方法

public void add(){

double wage = super.getWage();

super.setWage(wage*1.1);

}

public void add(String position){

double wage = super.getWage();

super.setWage(wage*1.2);

}

public String getLevel() {

return level;

}

public void setLevel(String level) {

this.level = level;

}

}

Test.java

package person_employee;

public class Test {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Manager normal = new Manager("wsl", "jit", "12", 1000, 2, "1");

Manager manager = new Manager("ctl", "jitt", "123", 10000, 10, "0");

normal.add();

manager.add(manager.getLevel());

System.out.println("normal wage is:"+normal.getWage());

System.out.println("manager wage is:"+manager.getWage());

}

}

打印結果一樣

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