row_input的使用：>>> name=raw_input("please input your name:")

please input your name:xiaobai

>>> name

'xiaobai'

編寫(xiě)小程序，詢(xún)問(wèn)用戶(hù)姓名，性別，年齡，工作，工資，以格式化的方式輸出：

Information of company stuff：

Name：

Age：

Sex：

Job：

代碼：[root@nfs-server ~]# vim information_of_stuff.py

#!/bin/python

name=raw_input("Please input your name:")

age=raw_input("Please input your age:")

sex=raw_input("Please input your sex:")

job=raw_input("Please input your job:")

print '''

==============================

Information of company stuff:

Name: %s

Age: %s

Sex: %s

Job: %s

=============================='''%(name,age,sex,job)

執(zhí)行：[root@nfs-server ~]# python information_of_stuff.py

Please input your name:xiaobai

Please input your age:25

Please input your sex:male

Please input your job:engineer

==============================

Information of company stuff:

Name: xiaobai

Age: 25

Sex: male

Job: engineer

==============================

輸入一個(gè)0~100直接的數(shù)字讓用戶(hù)猜，并且猜測(cè)次數(shù)不能大于三次。[root@nfs-client2 ~]# vim guess_num.py

#!/bin/python

import os

os.system('clear') #執(zhí)行時(shí)先清屏

real_num=int(raw_input("please input the real_num from 0 to 100:"))

os.system('clear') #輸入讓用戶(hù)猜的數(shù)字后清屏

retry_count=0 #設(shè)定循環(huán)關(guān)閉條件

while retry_count<3: #后面加冒號(hào)

guess_num=int(raw_input("Please input a number from 0 to 100:"))

if guess_num>real_num:

print "Wrong! Please try smaller!"

retry_count+=1 #自增

elif guess_num

print "Wrong! Please try bigger!"

retry_count+=1

else: #最后一個(gè)條件用

print "Congurations! You got it!"

break #跳出循環(huán)

else:

print "Too much times!"

Python不像shell，沒(méi)有fi循環(huán)關(guān)閉符號(hào)，而是通過(guò)縮進(jìn)控制代碼層級(jí)，同一級(jí)代碼縮進(jìn)應(yīng)保持一致，if和else不屬于同一級(jí)，縮進(jìn)不同也可執(zhí)行，但不符合書(shū)寫(xiě)規(guī)范。

raw_input輸入的是字符串，字符串與數(shù)字比較時(shí)會(huì)自動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)為ASCII值進(jìn)行比較，因此要使用int將其轉(zhuǎn)換為整數(shù)類(lèi)型，break為跳出循環(huán)。

ord：將字符串轉(zhuǎn)換為ASCII對(duì)應(yīng)的值。>>> print ord("a")

97

>>> print ord("1")

49

優(yōu)化代碼，以上代碼輸入回車(chē)或字符串會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)，且數(shù)字不是隨機(jī)值，需要優(yōu)化。[root@nfs-client2 ~]# vim guess_num.py

#!/bin/python

import os

import random

os.system('clear')

real_num=random.randrange(100)

os.system('clear')

retry_count=0

while retry_count<3:

guess_num=raw_input("Please input a number from 0 to 100:").strip() #去空格回車(chē)

if len(guess_num)==0: #判斷字符串長(zhǎng)度是否為0

continue

if guess_num.isdigit(): #判斷是否全為數(shù)字

guess_num=int(guess_num)

else:

print "You should input a number instead of string!"

continue #跳出當(dāng)前循環(huán)，進(jìn)行下一次循環(huán)

if guess_num>real_num:

print "Wrong! Please try smaller!"

elif guess_num

print "Wrong! Please try bigger!"

else:

print "Congurations! You got the real number %d !"%real_num

break

retry_count+=1

else:

print "Too much times! The real number is",real_num

.strip()表示將輸入的空格和回車(chē)去掉；

len（guess_num）表示計(jì)算字符串的長(zhǎng)度；

continue表示跳出當(dāng)前循環(huán)，進(jìn)行下一次循環(huán)；

isdigit()表示判斷是否全是數(shù)字；

將上述循環(huán)更改為for循環(huán)：[root@nfs-client2 ~]# vim guess_num_for.py

#!/bin/python

import os

import random

os.system('clear')

real_num=random.randrange(100)

os.system('clear')

for i in range(3):

guess_num=raw_input("Please input a number from 0 to 100:").strip()

if len(guess_num)==0:

continue

if guess_num.isdigit():

guess_num=int(guess_num)

else:

print "You should input a number instead of string!"

continue

if guess_num>real_num:

print "Wrong! Please try smaller!"

elif guess_num

print "Wrong! Please try bigger!"

else:

print "Congurations! You got the real number %d !"%real_num

break

else:

print "Too much times! The real number is",real_num

range為數(shù)組，其參數(shù)分別為起始值，末尾值，步長(zhǎng)。>>> range(10)

[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

>>> range(2,10,2)

[2, 4, 6, 8]

>>> range(2,20,5)

[2, 7, 12, 17]

設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)多層循環(huán)，用戶(hù)輸入密碼正確的話進(jìn)入目錄進(jìn)行選擇，并能退出循環(huán)。[root@nfs-client2 ~]# cat mulit_loop.py

#!/bin/python

passwd="test"

logout=False #加跳出的flag

for i in range(3):

password=raw_input("Please input your password:").strip()

if len(password)==0:

continue

if password==passwd:

print "Welcome to login!"

while True:

user_select=raw_input('''

====================================

Please input a number to continue

1.Send files;

2.Send emalis;

3.exit this level;

4.exit the whole loop.

====================================

''').strip()

user_select=int(user_select)

if user_select==1:

print "Sending files as you wish!"

if user_select==2:

print "Sending emails as you wish!"

if user_select==3:

print "Exit this level,please re-input the password!"

break

if user_select==4:

print "Ok, let's have a break!"

logout=True

break

if logout==True:

break

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