Puppet 資源公有屬性的其他描述方式

puppet的資源公有屬性中還可以通過"->"和"~>"兩種特殊符號來描述資源與資源之間的關系.

->：用于表示資源與資源之間的先后關系,等同于before和require兩個資源公有屬性.

~>：用于表示資源之間的通知,等同于notify和subscribe練個資源公有屬性.

示例: "->"用法

安裝httpd并運行httpd服務的puppet代碼如下:

[root@sh-web1?~]#?cat?httpd2.pp? package?{"httpd":ensure?=>?present,provider?=>?'yum', } service?{"httpd":ensure?=>?running,enable?=>?true, } Package["httpd"]?->?Service["httpd"]

運行結果:

[root@sh-web1?~]#?puppet?apply?httpd2.pp? Notice:?Compiled?catalog?for?sh-web1.localdomain?in?environment?production?in?0.06?seconds Notice:?/Stage[main]/Main/Package[httpd]/ensure:?created Notice:?/Stage[main]/Main/Service[httpd]/ensure:?ensure?changed?'stopped'?to?'running' Notice:?Finished?catalog?run?in?3.02?seconds [root@sh-web1?~]#?/etc/init.d/httpd?status httpd?(pid??81254)?is?running...

示例: "~>"用法

[root@sh-web1?~]#?cat?httpd.pp? package?{"httpd":ensure?=>?present,provider?=>?'yum', } service?{"httpd":ensure?=>?running,enable?=>?true, } file?{'/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf':ensure?=>?file, } Package["httpd"]?->?File?['/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf']?~>?Service["httpd"]

運行結果:

[root@sh-web1?~]#?puppet?apply?httpd.pp? Notice:?Compiled?catalog?for?sh-web1.localdomain?in?environment?production?in?0.07?seconds Notice:?/Stage[main]/Main/Package[httpd]/ensure:?created Notice:?/Stage[main]/Main/Service[httpd]/ensure:?ensure?changed?'stopped'?to?'running' Notice:?Finished?catalog?run?in?3.25?seconds [root@sh-web1?~]#?/etc/init.d/httpd?status httpd?(pid??81493)?is?running...

生產上并不會像上面那樣去寫,一個資源可能很大，篇幅很長.

如下兩種寫法:

第一種:

[root@sh-web1?~]#?cat?httpd2.pp? package?{"httpd":ensure?=>?present, provider?=>?'yum', } -> service?{"httpd":ensure?=>?running, enable?=>?true, }

第二種:

[root@sh-web1?~]#?cat?httpd2.pp? package?{"httpd":ensure?=>?present,provider?=>?'yum', }?-> service?{"httpd":ensure?=>?running,enable?=>?true, }

[root@sh-web1?~]#?puppet?apply?httpd2.pp? Notice:?Compiled?catalog?for?sh-web1.localdomain?in?environment?production?in?0.04?seconds Notice:?/Stage[main]/Main/Package[httpd]/ensure:?created Notice:?/Stage[main]/Main/Service[httpd]/ensure:?ensure?changed?'stopped'?to?'running' Notice:?Finished?catalog?run?in?2.28?seconds

注意:大部分都是第二種寫法，"->"或"~>"跟在花括號的后面,但是個人習慣用第一種反正更新puppet不報錯也能得到想要結果就ok.

audit審計

audit資源公有屬性主要用于資源屬性的審計,當某資源狀態變化時,它可以將變化的內容抓夾到系統日志中.

puppet代碼如下:

[root@sh-web1?~]#?cat?file.pp? file?{"/etc/password":audit?=>?[?owner,mode?], }

運行過程,會看到改變通知.

[root@sh-web1?~]#?puppet?apply?file.pp? Notice:?Compiled?catalog?for?sh-web1.localdomain?in?environment?production?in?0.07?seconds Notice:?/Stage[main]/Main/File[/etc/password]/owner:?audit?change:?newly-recorded?value?absent Notice:?/Stage[main]/Main/File[/etc/password]/mode:?audit?change:?newly-recorded?value?absent Notice:?Finished?catalog?run?in?0.05?seconds

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