sar 是幫助我們了解當前系統(tǒng)的內(nèi)存、CPU和IO(磁盤IO和網(wǎng)絡(luò)IO)
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????㈠ 內(nèi)存
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???以下兩個關(guān)鍵指標、讓我們對系統(tǒng)使用內(nèi)存情況一目了然
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???⑴ 內(nèi)存使用情況統(tǒng)計
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???-r：輸出物理內(nèi)存和虛擬內(nèi)存的統(tǒng)計信息

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[root@obe11g?~]#?sar?-r?5?4??
Linux?2.6.9-42.0.0.0.1.EL?(obe11g.us.oracle.com)????????07/24/2013??
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05:11:21?AM?kbmemfree?kbmemused??%memused?kbbuffers??kbcached?kbswpfree?kbswpused??%swpused??kbswpcad??
05:11:26?AM????291880???1645960?????84.94?????47836???1309352???4192956?????????0??????0.00?????????0??
05:11:31?AM????291832???1646008?????84.94?????47836???1309352???4192956?????????0??????0.00?????????0??
05:11:36?AM????291816???1646024?????84.94?????47836???1309352???4192956?????????0??????0.00?????????0??
05:11:41?AM????293608???1644232?????84.85?????47836???1309372???4192956?????????0??????0.00?????????0??
Average:???????292284???1645556?????84.92?????47836???1309357???4192956?????????0??????0.00?????????0??
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參數(shù)解釋：??
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kbmemfree：剩余可用內(nèi)存、單位K??
kbmemused：已用內(nèi)存、以K?為單位、該值不考慮內(nèi)核自身所使用的內(nèi)存??
%memused：已用內(nèi)存百分比??
kbbuffers：已用buffer(內(nèi)核所用)、單位K??
kbcached：已用cache（內(nèi)核所用）、單位K??
kbswpfree：剩余Swap、單位K??
kbswpused：已用Swap、單位K??
%swpused：已用Swap百分比??
kbswpcad：被緩存的Swap、單位K??

???⑵ 分頁統(tǒng)計
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-B??
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[root@obe11g?~]#?sar?-B?5?5??
Linux?2.6.9-42.0.0.0.1.EL?(obe11g.us.oracle.com)????????07/24/2013??
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05:16:56?AM??pgpgin/s?pgpgout/s???fault/s??majflt/s??
05:17:01?AM??????0.00?????39.20??????4.60??????0.00??
05:17:06?AM??????0.00?????23.20????117.20??????0.00??
05:17:11?AM??????0.00?????23.20????114.00??????0.00??
05:17:16?AM??????0.00?????14.40????113.80??????0.00??
05:17:21?AM??????0.80?????48.00???1470.00??????0.00??
Average:?????????0.16?????29.60????363.92??????0.00??
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參數(shù)解釋：??
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pgpgin/s：表示每秒從磁盤或SWAP置換到內(nèi)存的字節(jié)數(shù)(KB)??
pgpgout/s：表示每秒從內(nèi)存置換到磁盤或SWAP的字節(jié)數(shù)(KB)??
fault/s：每秒鐘系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生的缺頁數(shù),即主缺頁與次缺頁之和(major?+?minor)??
majflt/s：每秒鐘產(chǎn)生的主缺頁數(shù).??

???㈡ CPU
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???-u
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[root@obe11g?~]#?sar?-u?3?5??
Linux?2.6.9-42.0.0.0.1.EL?(obe11g.us.oracle.com)????????07/24/2013??
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05:25:41?AM???????CPU?????%user?????%nice???%system???%iowait?????%idle??
05:25:44?AM???????all??????2.00??????0.00??????1.67??????0.00?????96.33??
05:25:47?AM???????all??????0.67??????0.00??????1.00??????0.00?????98.33??
05:25:50?AM???????all??????2.00??????0.00??????1.00??????0.00?????97.00??
05:25:53?AM???????all??????4.00??????0.00??????6.33??????0.00?????89.67??
05:25:56?AM???????all??????0.67??????0.00??????1.67??????0.00?????97.67??
Average:??????????all??????1.87??????0.00??????2.33??????0.00?????95.80??
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參數(shù)解釋：??
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%user：顯示在用戶級別(application)運行使用?CPU?總時間的百分比??
%nice：顯示在用戶級別，用于nice操作，所占用?CPU?總時間的百分比??
%system：在核心級別(kernel)運行所使用?CPU?總時間的百分比??
%iowait：顯示用于等待I/O操作占用?CPU?總時間的百分比??
%idle：顯示?CPU?空閑時間占用?CPU?總時間的百分比??

???以下是三種常見的場景：
???1）若 %iowait 的值過高，表示硬盤存在I/O瓶頸
???2）若 %idle 的值高但系統(tǒng)響應(yīng)慢時，有可能是 CPU 等待分配內(nèi)存，此時應(yīng)加大內(nèi)存容量
???3）若 %idle 的值持續(xù)低于1，則系統(tǒng)的 CPU 處理能力相對較低，表明系統(tǒng)中最需要解決的資源是 CPU
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???㈢ IO?
???⑴ 磁盤IO
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[root@obe11g?~]#?sar?-b?3?5??
Linux?2.6.9-42.0.0.0.1.EL?(obe11g.us.oracle.com)????????07/24/2013??
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05:32:02?AM???????tps??????rtps??????wtps???bread/s???bwrtn/s??
05:32:05?AM??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??
05:32:08?AM??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??
05:32:11?AM??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??
05:32:14?AM??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??
05:32:17?AM??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??
Average:?????????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??
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參數(shù)解釋：??
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tps：每秒磁盤的?I/O?傳輸總量??
rtps：每秒從磁盤讀出的數(shù)據(jù)總量??
wtps：每秒向磁盤寫入的數(shù)據(jù)總量??
bread/s：每秒從磁盤讀出的數(shù)據(jù)量，單位為?塊/s??
bwrtn/s：每秒向磁盤寫入的數(shù)據(jù)量，單位為?塊/s??

???⑵ 網(wǎng)絡(luò)IO
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???用法sar -n { keyword [,...] | ALL }, keyword包括：
???DEV, EDEV, NFS, NFSD, SOCK, IP, EIP, ICMP, EICMP, TCP, ETCP, UDP, SOCK6, IP6, EIP6, ICMP6, EICMP6 和 UDP6
???不同的keyword統(tǒng)計不同的方面，關(guān)于網(wǎng)絡(luò)IO的統(tǒng)計主要是用DEV
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[root@obe11g?~]#?sar?-n?DEV?2?3??
Linux?2.6.9-42.0.0.0.1.EL?(obe11g.us.oracle.com)????????07/24/2013??
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05:37:21?AM?????IFACE???rxpck/s???txpck/s???rxbyt/s???txbyt/s???rxcmp/s???txcmp/s??rxmcst/s??
05:37:23?AM????????lo??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??
05:37:23?AM??????eth0?????14.00??????1.00???1969.00?????58.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??
05:37:23?AM??????sit0??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??
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05:37:23?AM?????IFACE???rxpck/s???txpck/s???rxbyt/s???txbyt/s???rxcmp/s???txcmp/s??rxmcst/s??
05:37:25?AM????????lo??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??
05:37:25?AM??????eth0??????8.50??????1.00????804.00?????42.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??
05:37:25?AM??????sit0??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??
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05:37:25?AM?????IFACE???rxpck/s???txpck/s???rxbyt/s???txbyt/s???rxcmp/s???txcmp/s??rxmcst/s??
05:37:27?AM????????lo??????0.50??????0.50?????44.00?????44.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??
05:37:27?AM??????eth0??????7.50??????0.50????771.50?????21.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??
05:37:27?AM??????sit0??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??
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Average:????????IFACE???rxpck/s???txpck/s???rxbyt/s???txbyt/s???rxcmp/s???txcmp/s??rxmcst/s??
Average:???????????lo??????0.17??????0.17?????14.67?????14.67??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??
Average:?????????eth0?????10.00??????0.83???1181.50?????40.33??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??
Average:?????????sit0??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??????0.00??

轉(zhuǎn)載地址：https://blog.csdn.net/ydyang1126/article/details/52794235

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