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用c#绘制曲线图
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?在實際項目中我們經常需要繪制一些實時的數據圖片，比如當前各公司的用水量、用電量還有播放聲音視頻時實時顯示當前的聲頻等等，在我們最熟悉的任務管理器也有這么一個功能，用來表示當前CPU的使用頻率，最近筆者剛剛給朋友完成了一個類似的功能圖，用曲線圖來實時表示一些實際數據，由于形象直觀，很受客戶歡迎。
不過由于某些原因，本人不能將實際項目中的代碼拿出來給大家分享，只能模擬了一個簡單的實現，代碼沒有過多優化，所以還存在很多可以優化的地方，希望有興趣的朋友自己完善。
為了操作和應付變化，所以將繪制曲線圖的功能單獨封裝成一個類，里面的數據完全是模擬的，在橫向坐標上每個像素間隔用一個點來控制（實際中可能會加大這個距離），橫向是個隨機生成的數（實際開發中這應該來自我們的實時數據按比率計算得來的），顯示窗體中用到了一個線程來定時繪制實時曲線。
實際代碼如下：
[Csharp] view plaincopy print?
using?System;??using?System.Collections.Generic;??using?System.Text;??using?System.Drawing;??using?System.Drawing.Imaging;????namespace?RealtimeCurve??{??????????????????????????????????????????????????????public?class?RealTimeImageMaker??????{??????????private?int?width;??????????private?int?height;??????????private?Point[]?pointList;??????????private?Random?random?=?new?Random();??????????private?Bitmap?currentImage;??????????private?Color?backColor;??????????private?Color?foreColor;????????????????????????????????????????public?int?Height??????????{??????????????get?{?return?height;?}??????????????set?{?height?=?value;?}??????????}??????????????????????????????????????????????public?int?Width??????????{??????????????get?{?return?width;?}??????????????set?{?width?=?value;?}??????????}????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????public?RealTimeImageMaker(int?width,?int?height):this(width,height,Color.Gray,Color.Blue)??????????{????????????????????????}????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????public?RealTimeImageMaker(int?width,?int?height,?Color?backColor,?Color?foreColor)??????????{??????????????this.width?=?width;??????????????this.height?=?height;??????????????this.backColor?=?backColor;??????????????this.foreColor?=?foreColor;??????????????pointList?=?new?Point[width];??????????????Point?tempPoint;????????????????????????????for?(int?i?=?0;?i?<?width;?i++)??????????????{????????????????????tempPoint?=?new?Point();????????????????????????????????????tempPoint.X?=?i;????????????????????????????????????tempPoint.Y?=?random.Next()?%?height;??????????????????pointList[i]?=?tempPoint;??????????????}??????????}??????????????????????????????????????????????????public?Image?GetCurrentCurve()??????????{????????????????????????????currentImage?=?new?Bitmap(width,?height);??????????????Point?p;??????????????????????????????????????????for?(int?i?=?0;?i?<?width-1;?i++)??????????????{??????????????????p?=?pointList[i?+?1];??????????????????pointList[i]?=?new?Point(p.X-1,p.Y);??????????????}??????????????Point?tempPoint?=?new?Point();????????????????????????????tempPoint.X?=?width;????????????????????????????tempPoint.Y?=?random.Next(DateTime.Now.Millisecond)?%?height;????????????????????????????pointList[width-1]=tempPoint;??????????????Graphics?g?=?Graphics.FromImage(currentImage);??????????????g.Clear(backColor);????????????????????????????g.DrawLines(new?Pen(foreColor),?pointList);??????????????g.Dispose();??????????????return?currentImage;??????????}??????}??}??
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Drawing.Imaging;namespace RealtimeCurve
{/// <summary>/// 說明：實時圖片生成類，在本例中橫向坐標上每個像素都會有一個控制點/// 實際開發中可以減少控制點，比如每5個像素用一個控制點/// 這樣的效果或許更加逼真/// 作者：周公/// 日期：2008-07-21/// 首發地址：<a target=_blank href="http://blog.csdn.net/zhoufoxcn/archive/2008/07/21/2682027.aspx">http://blog.csdn.net/zhoufoxcn/archive/2008/07/21/2682027.aspx</a>/// </summary>public class RealTimeImageMaker{private int width;//要生成的曲線圖的寬度private int height;//要生成的曲線圖的高度private Point[] pointList;//用來繪制曲線圖的關鍵點，依次將這些點連接起來即得到曲線圖private Random random = new Random();//用于生成隨機數private Bitmap currentImage;//當前要繪制的圖片private Color backColor;//圖片背景色private Color foreColor;//圖片前景色/// <summary>/// 圖片的高度/// </summary>public int Height{get { return height; }set { height = value; }}/// <summary>/// 圖片的寬度/// </summary>public int Width{get { return width; }set { width = value; }}/// <summary>/// 構造函數，指定生成的曲線圖的寬度和高度/// </summary>/// <param name="width" />要生成的曲線圖的寬度/// <param name="height" />要生成的曲線圖的高度public RealTimeImageMaker(int width, int height):this(width,height,Color.Gray,Color.Blue){}/// <summary>/// 構造函數，指定生成的曲線圖的寬度、高度及背景色和前景色/// </summary>/// <param name="width" />要生成的曲線圖的寬度/// <param name="height" />要生成的曲線圖的高度/// <param name="backColor" />曲線圖背景色/// <param name="foreColor" />曲線圖前景色public RealTimeImageMaker(int width, int height, Color backColor, Color foreColor){this.width = width;this.height = height;this.backColor = backColor;this.foreColor = foreColor;pointList = new Point[width];Point tempPoint;//初始化曲線上的所有點坐標for (int i = 0; i < width; i++){tempPoint = new Point();//曲線的橫坐標沿x軸依次遞增，在橫向位置上每個像素都有一個點tempPoint.X = i;//曲線上每個點的縱坐標隨機生成，但保證在顯示區域之內tempPoint.Y = random.Next() % height;pointList[i] = tempPoint;}}/// <summary>/// 獲取當前依次連接曲線上每個點繪制成的曲線/// </summary>/// <returns></returns>public Image GetCurrentCurve(){//currentImage = historyImage.Clone(new Rectangle(1, 0, width - 1, height), PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb);currentImage = new Bitmap(width, height);Point p;//將當前定位曲線圖的坐標點前移，并且將橫坐標減1，//這樣做的效果相當于移除當前第一個點for (int i = 0; i < width-1; i++){p = pointList[i + 1];pointList[i] = new Point(p.X-1,p.Y);}Point tempPoint = new Point();//新生成曲線圖定位點的最后一個點的坐標tempPoint.X = width;//曲線上每個點的縱坐標隨機生成，但保證在顯示區域之內tempPoint.Y = random.Next(DateTime.Now.Millisecond) % height;//在最后再添加一個新坐標點pointList[width-1]=tempPoint;Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(currentImage);g.Clear(backColor);//繪制曲線圖g.DrawLines(new Pen(foreColor), pointList);g.Dispose();return currentImage;}}
}窗體關鍵代碼：
[Csharp] view plaincopy print?
using?System;??using?System.Collections.Generic;??using?System.ComponentModel;??using?System.Data;??using?System.Drawing;??using?System.Text;??using?System.Windows.Forms;??using?System.Threading;????namespace?RealtimeCurve??{??????????????????????????????????????????public?partial?class?FormRealTime?:?Form??????{??????????Thread?thread;??????????RealTimeImageMaker?rti;??????????Color?backColor?=?Color.Black;??????????public?FormRealTime()??????????{??????????????InitializeComponent();??????????????rti?=?new?RealTimeImageMaker(Width,?Height,?backColor,?Color.Green);??????????????thread?=?new?Thread(new?ThreadStart(Run));??????????????thread.Start();??????????}????????????private?void?Run()??????????{??????????????while?(true)??????????????{??????????????????Image?image?=?rti.GetCurrentCurve();??????????????????Graphics?g?=?CreateGraphics();????????????????????????????????????g.Clear(backColor);??????????????????g.DrawImage(image,?0,?0);??????????????????g.Dispose();????????????????????????????????????Thread.Sleep(1000);??????????????}??????????}????????????private?void?FormRealTime_FormClosing(object?sender,?FormClosingEventArgs?e)??????????{????????????????????????????thread.Abort();??????????}??????}??}??
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Threading;namespace RealtimeCurve
{/// <summary>/// 說明：顯示實時曲線圖的窗體/// 作者：周公/// 日期：2008-07-21/// 首發地址：<a target=_blank href="http://blog.csdn.net/zhoufoxcn/archive/2008/07/21/2682027.aspx">http://blog.csdn.net/zhoufoxcn/archive/2008/07/21/2682027.aspx</a>/// </summary>public partial class FormRealTime : Form{Thread thread;RealTimeImageMaker rti;Color backColor = Color.Black;//指定繪制曲線圖的背景色public FormRealTime(){InitializeComponent();rti = new RealTimeImageMaker(Width, Height, backColor, Color.Green);thread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(Run));thread.Start();}private void Run(){while (true){Image image = rti.GetCurrentCurve();Graphics g = CreateGraphics();//用指定背景色清除當前窗體上的圖象g.Clear(backColor);g.DrawImage(image, 0, 0);g.Dispose();//每秒鐘刷新一次Thread.Sleep(1000);}}private void FormRealTime_FormClosing(object sender, FormClosingEventArgs e){//在窗體即將關閉之前中止線程thread.Abort();}}
}
程序最終的運行結果截圖：
全部程序代碼請到http://download.csdn.net/zhoufoxcn下載。
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