C#实现实体类和XML相互转换
一、實體類轉換成XML
將實體類轉換成XML需要使用XmlSerializer類的Serialize方法，將實體類序列化
public static string XmlSerialize<T>(T obj) {using (StringWriter sw = new StringWriter()){Type t= obj.GetType(); XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(obj.GetType());serializer.Serialize(sw, obj);sw.Close();return sw.ToString();} }示例：
1、定義實體類
1 [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute(AnonymousType = true)]2 [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute(Namespace = "", IsNullable = false)]3 public class Request4 {5 6 public string System { get; set; }7 public string SecurityCode { get; set; }8 public PatientBasicInfo PatientInfo { get; set; } 9 } 10 11 /// <remarks/> 12 [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute(AnonymousType = true)] 13 public partial class PatientBasicInfo 14 { 15 public string PatientNo { get; set; } 16 public string PatientName { get; set; } 17 public string Phoneticize { get; set; } 18 public string Sex { get; set; } 19 public string Birth { get; set; } 20 public string BirthPlace { get; set; } 21 public string Country { get; set; } 22 public string Nation { get; set; } 23 public string IDNumber { get; set; } 24 public string SecurityNo { get; set; } 25 public string Workunits { get; set; } 26 public string Address { get; set; } 27 public string ZIPCode { get; set; } 28 public string Phone { get; set; } 29 public string ContactPerson { get; set; } 30 public string ContactShip { get; set; } 31 public string ContactPersonAdd { get; set; } 32 public string ContactPersonPhone { get; set; } 33 public string OperationCode { get; set; } 34 public string OperationName { get; set; } 35 public string OperationTime { get; set; } 36 public string CardNo { get; set; } 37 public string ChangeType { get; set; } 38 39 }2、給實體類賦值，并通過序列化將實體類轉換成XML格式的字符串
1 Request patientIn = new Request();2 patientIn.System = "HIS";3 patientIn.SecurityCode = "HIS5";4 5 PatientBasicInfo basicInfo = new PatientBasicInfo();6 basicInfo.PatientNo = "1234";7 basicInfo.PatientName = "測試";8 basicInfo.Phoneticize = "";9 basicInfo.Sex = "1"; 10 basicInfo.Birth = ""; 11 basicInfo.BirthPlace = ""; 12 basicInfo.Country = ""; 13 basicInfo.Nation = ""; 14 basicInfo.IDNumber = ""; 15 basicInfo.SecurityNo = ""; 16 basicInfo.Workunits = ""; 17 basicInfo.Address = ""; 18 basicInfo.ZIPCode = ""; 19 basicInfo.Phone = ""; 20 basicInfo.ContactShip = ""; 21 basicInfo.ContactPersonPhone = ""; 22 basicInfo.ContactPersonAdd = ""; 23 basicInfo.ContactPerson = ""; 24 basicInfo.ChangeType = ""; 25 basicInfo.CardNo = ""; 26 basicInfo.OperationCode = ""; 27 basicInfo.OperationName = ""; 28 basicInfo.OperationTime = ""; 29 30 patientIn.PatientInfo = basicInfo; 31 32 //序列化 33 string strxml = XmlSerializeHelper.XmlSerialize<Request>(patientIn);3、生成的XML實例
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?>2 <Request xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">3 <System>HIS</System>4 <SecurityCode>HIS5</SecurityCode>5 <PatientInfo>6 <PatientNo>1234</PatientNo>7 <PatientName>測試</PatientName>8 <Phoneticize />9 <Sex>1</Sex> 10 <Birth /> 11 <BirthPlace /> 12 <Country /> 13 <Nation /> 14 <IDNumber /> 15 <SecurityNo /> 16 <Workunits /> 17 <Address /> 18 <ZIPCode /> 19 <Phone /> 20 <ContactPerson /> 21 <ContactShip /> 22 <ContactPersonAdd /> 23 <ContactPersonPhone /> 24 <OperationCode /> 25 <OperationName /> 26 <OperationTime /> 27 <CardNo /> 28 <ChangeType /> 29 </PatientInfo> 30 </Request>二、將XML轉換成實體類
把XML轉換成相應的實體類，需要使用到XmlSerializer類的Deserialize方法，將XML進行反序列化。
1 public static T DESerializer<T>(string strXML) where T:class2 {3 try4 {5 using (StringReader sr = new StringReader(strXML))6 {7 XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));8 return serializer.Deserialize(sr) as T;9 } 10 } 11 catch (Exception ex) 12 { 13 return null; 14 } 15 }示例：
將上例中序列化后的XML反序列化成實體類
1 //反序列化 2 Request r = XmlSerializeHelper.DESerializer<Request>(strxml);?三、將DataTable轉換成XML
1 //將DataTable轉換成XML2 DataTable dt = new DataTable("MyTable");3 //添加列4 dt.Columns.Add("Id", typeof(int));5 dt.Columns.Add("Name", typeof(string));6 dt.Columns.Add("Sex", typeof(char));7 //添加行8 dt.Rows.Add(1, "小明", '1');9 dt.Rows.Add(2, "小紅", '2'); 10 dt.Rows.Add(3, "小王", '2'); 11 dt.Rows.Add(4, "測試", '2'); 12 //序列化，將DataTable轉換成XML格式的字符串 13 string strXML = XmlSerializeHelper.XmlSerialize <DataTable> (dt);四、將XML轉換成DataTable
1 //反序列化，將XML轉換成字符串 2 DataTable dtNew= XmlSerializeHelper.DESerializer<DataTable>(strXML);五、將List集合轉換成XML
/// <summary> /// 測試類 /// </summary> public class Student {public int Id { get; set; }public string Name { get; set; }public char Sex { get; set; }public int Age { get; set; } }//測試集合 List<Student> list = new List<Student>() {new Student(){Id=1,Name="小紅",Sex='2',Age=20},new Student(){Id=2,Name="小明",Sex='1',Age=22},new Student(){Id=3,Name="小王",Sex='1',Age=19},new Student(){Id=4,Name="測試",Sex='2',Age=23} }; //序列化 string strXML = XmlSerializeHelper.XmlSerialize<List<Student>>(list);六、將XML轉換成集合
使用上面例子中集合轉換成的XML進行反序列化。
1 //反序列化 2 List<Student> listStu = XmlSerializeHelper.DESerializer<List<Student>>(strXML);//**************************************
1、實體類與XML相互轉換
將實體類轉換成XML需要使用XmlSerializer類的Serialize方法，將實體類序列化。
把XML轉換成相應的實體類，需要使用到XmlSerializer類的Deserialize方法，將XML進行反序列化。
創建XML序列化公共處理類（XmlSerializeHelper.cs）
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
/// <summary>
/// XML序列化公共處理類
/// </summary>
public static class XmlSerializeHelper
{
/// <summary>
/// 將實體對象轉換成XML
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">實體類型</typeparam>
/// <param name="obj">實體對象</param>
public static string XmlSerialize<T>(T obj)
{
try
{
using (StringWriter sw = new StringWriter())
{
Type t = obj.GetType();
XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(obj.GetType());
serializer.Serialize(sw, obj);
sw.Close();
return sw.ToString();
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw new Exception("將實體對象轉換成XML異常", ex);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 將XML轉換成實體對象
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">實體類型</typeparam>
/// <param name="strXML">XML</param>
public static T DESerializer<T>(string strXML) where T : class
{
try
{
using (StringReader sr = new StringReader(strXML))
{
XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));
return serializer.Deserialize(sr) as T;
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw new Exception("將XML轉換成實體對象異常", ex);
}
}
}
創建用戶信息類，用于示例使用。
/// <summary>
/// 用戶信息類
/// </summary>
public class UserInfo
{
/// <summary>
/// 編號
/// </summary>
public int ID { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 名稱
/// </summary>
public string Name { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 創建時間
/// </summary>
public DateTime? CreateTime { get; set; }
}
1.1 示例1：將List與XML相互轉換
/// <summary>
/// 將List與XML相互轉換
/// </summary>
public static void ListToXmlTest()
{
//獲取用戶列表
List<UserInfo> userList = GetUserList();
//將實體對象轉換成XML
string xmlResult = XmlSerializeHelper.XmlSerialize(userList);
//將XML轉換成實體對象
List<UserInfo> deResult = XmlSerializeHelper.DESerializer<List<UserInfo>>(xmlResult);
}
/// <summary>
/// 獲取用戶信息列表
/// </summary>
public static List<UserInfo> GetUserList()
{
List<UserInfo> userList = new List<UserInfo>();
userList.Add(new UserInfo() { ID = 1, Name = "張三", CreateTime = DateTime.Now });
userList.Add(new UserInfo() { ID = 2, Name = "李四", CreateTime = DateTime.Now });
userList.Add(new UserInfo() { ID = 2, Name = "王五" });
return userList;
}
XML結果：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?>
<ArrayOfUserInfo xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
<UserInfo>
<ID>1</ID>
<Name>張三</Name>
<CreateTime>2018-10-04T15:59:53.7761027+08:00</CreateTime>
</UserInfo>
<UserInfo>
<ID>2</ID>
<Name>李四</Name>
<CreateTime>2018-10-04T15:59:54.9571044+08:00</CreateTime>
</UserInfo>
<UserInfo>
<ID>2</ID>
<Name>王五</Name>
<CreateTime xsi:nil="true" />
</UserInfo>
</ArrayOfUserInfo>
1.2 示例2：將DataTable與XML相互轉換
/// <summary>
/// 將DataTable與XML相互轉換
/// </summary>
public static void DataTableToXmlTest()
{
//創建DataTable對象
DataTable dt = CreateDataTable();
//將DataTable轉換成XML
string xmlResult = XmlSerializeHelper.XmlSerialize(dt);
//將XML轉換成DataTable
DataTable deResult = XmlSerializeHelper.DESerializer<DataTable>(xmlResult);
}
/// <summary>
/// 創建DataTable對象
/// </summary>
public static DataTable CreateDataTable()
{
//創建DataTable
DataTable dt = new DataTable("NewDt");
//創建自增長的ID列
DataColumn dc = dt.Columns.Add("ID", Type.GetType("System.Int32"));
dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Name", Type.GetType("System.String")));
dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("CreateTime", Type.GetType("System.DateTime")));
//創建數據
DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();
dr["ID"] = 1;
dr["Name"] = "張三";
dr["CreateTime"] = DateTime.Now;
dt.Rows.Add(dr);
dr = dt.NewRow();
dr["ID"] = 2;
dr["Name"] = "李四";
dr["CreateTime"] = DateTime.Now;
dt.Rows.Add(dr);
dr = dt.NewRow();
dr["ID"] = 3;
dr["Name"] = "王五";
dr["CreateTime"] = DateTime.Now;
dt.Rows.Add(dr);
return dt;
}
XML結果：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?>
<DataTable>
<xs:schema id="NewDataSet" xmlns="" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:msdata="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xml-msdata">
<xs:element name="NewDataSet" msdata:IsDataSet="true" msdata:MainDataTable="NewDt" msdata:UseCurrentLocale="true">
<xs:complexType>
<xs:choice minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded">
<xs:element name="NewDt">
<xs:complexType>
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element name="ID" type="xs:int" minOccurs="0" />
<xs:element name="Name" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" />
<xs:element name="CreateTime" type="xs:dateTime" minOccurs="0" />
</xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:element>
</xs:choice>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:element>
</xs:schema>
<diffgr:diffgram xmlns:msdata="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xml-msdata" xmlns:diffgr="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xml-diffgram-v1">
<DocumentElement>
<NewDt diffgr:id="NewDt1" msdata:rowOrder="0" diffgr:hasChanges="inserted">
<ID>1</ID>
<Name>張三</Name>
<CreateTime>2018-10-04T16:06:10.8004082+08:00</CreateTime>
</NewDt>
<NewDt diffgr:id="NewDt2" msdata:rowOrder="1" diffgr:hasChanges="inserted">
<ID>2</ID>
<Name>李四</Name>
<CreateTime>2018-10-04T16:06:10.8004082+08:00</CreateTime>
</NewDt>
<NewDt diffgr:id="NewDt3" msdata:rowOrder="2" diffgr:hasChanges="inserted">
<ID>3</ID>
<Name>王五</Name>
<CreateTime>2018-10-04T16:06:10.8004082+08:00</CreateTime>
</NewDt>
</DocumentElement>
</diffgr:diffgram>
</DataTable>
2、序列化常用Attribute講解說明
[XmlRootAttribute("MyCity", Namespace="abc.abc", IsNullable=false)]?????// 當該類為Xml根節點時，以此為根節點名稱。
public class City
[XmlAttribute("AreaName")]????// 表現為Xml節點屬性。<... AreaName="..."/>
public string Name
[XmlElementAttribute("AreaId", IsNullable = false)]????// 表現為Xml節點。<AreaId>...</AreaId>
public string Id
[XmlArrayAttribute("Areas")]????// 表現為Xml層次結構，根為Areas，其所屬的每個該集合節點元素名為類名。<Areas><Area ... /><Area ... /></Areas>
public Area[] Areas
[XmlElementAttribute("Area", IsNullable = false)]????// 表現為水平結構的Xml節點。<Area ... /><Area ... />...
public Area[] Areas
[XmlIgnoreAttribute]????// 忽略該元素的序列化。
把這些屬性與model類的相關屬性，配合使用，就可以自由設置相關XML的具體格式了。
綜合示例：將班級信息序列化成XML
示例要求：
（1）每個XML節點以“My”開頭。
（2）班級ID和學生ID字段以XML節點屬性表現，其它字段以XML節點的形式表現。
（3）由于學生的郵箱涉及敏感信息，所以不參與序列化。
2.1 創建班級信息類（ClassInfo.cs）
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
/// <summary>
/// 班級信息類
/// </summary>
[XmlRootAttribute("MyClassInfo", Namespace = "ABC_123", IsNullable = false)]
public class ClassInfo
{
/// <summary>
/// 班級ID
/// </summary>
[XmlAttribute("MyClassID")]
public int ClassID { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 班級名稱
/// </summary>
[XmlElementAttribute("MyClassName", IsNullable = false)]
public string ClassName { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 班長人
/// </summary>
[XmlElementAttribute("MyTeacher", IsNullable = false)]
public string Teacher { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 學生列表
/// </summary>
[XmlArrayAttribute("MyStudents")]
public List<Student> StudentList { get; set; }
}
2.2 創建學生信息類（Student.cs）
using System.Xml.Serialization;
/// <summary>
/// 學生信息類
/// </summary>
[XmlRootAttribute("MyStudent", IsNullable = false)]
public class Student
{
/// <summary>
/// 學生ID
/// </summary>
[XmlAttribute("MyStuID")]
public int StuID { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 學生名稱
/// </summary>
[XmlElementAttribute("MyStuName", IsNullable = false)]
public string StuName { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 性別
/// </summary>
[XmlElementAttribute("MySex", IsNullable = false)]
public string Sex { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 郵箱
/// </summary>
[XmlIgnoreAttribute]
public string Email { get; set; }
}
2.3?將班級信息轉換成XML
/// <summary>
/// 將班級信息轉換成XML
/// </summary>
public static void ClassInfoToXml()
{
//獲取班級信息
ClassInfo classInfo = GetClassInfo();
//將班級信息轉換成XML
string classXml = XmlSerializeHelper.XmlSerialize(classInfo);
}
/// <summary>
/// 獲取班級信息
/// </summary>
public static ClassInfo GetClassInfo()
{
//創建班級信息
ClassInfo classInfo = new ClassInfo();
classInfo.ClassID = 1;
classInfo.ClassName = "高一（5）班";
classInfo.Teacher = "李老師";
//創建學生列表
List<Student> studentList = new List<Student>();
studentList.Add(new Student() { StuID = 1, StuName = "張三", Sex = "男", Email = "zhangsan@mail.com" });
studentList.Add(new Student() { StuID = 2, StuName = "李四", Sex = "女", Email = "lisi@mail.com" });
studentList.Add(new Student() { StuID = 3, StuName = "王五", Sex = "男", Email = "wangwu@mail.com" });
classInfo.StudentList = studentList;
return classInfo;
}
XML結果：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?>
<MyClassInfo xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" MyClassID="1" xmlns="ABC_123">
<MyClassName>高一（5）班</MyClassName>
<MyTeacher>李老師</MyTeacher>
<MyStudents>
<Student MyStuID="1">
<MyStuName>張三</MyStuName>
<MySex>男</MySex>
</Student>
<Student MyStuID="2">
<MyStuName>李四</MyStuName>
<MySex>女</MySex>
</Student>
<Student MyStuID="3">
<MyStuName>王五</MyStuName>
<MySex>男</MySex>
</Student>
</MyStudents>
</MyClassInfo>
?
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