三維GIS實驗一：Surfer8地理信息制圖

Understanding How to Use Surfer

The most common application(應用) of Surfer is to create a grid-based(基于格網的) map from an XYZ data file(有限個點的X、Y、Z坐標值組成的文件). The Grid | Data command

uses an XYZ data file to

produce a grid file(格網

文件). The grid file is then

used by most of the Map menu

(地圖菜單) commands to

produce maps. Post maps(張

貼圖) and base maps do not

use grid files.(張貼圖和

基面圖除外，它們不需要使用

格網文件)

The flow chart(流程圖) to

the right illustrates(圖解) the relationship between XYZ data files, grid files, contour(等高線，等值線) maps, and wireframes(線框圖).

Lesson 1 - Creating an XYZ Data File

An XYZ data file is a file containing at least three columns(列) of data values. The first two columns are the X and Y coordinates(坐標值) for the data points. The third column(列) is the Z value assigned to the XY point. Although it is not required, entering the X coordinate(坐標) in Column(列) A, the Y coordinate(坐標) in Column(列) B,

and the Z value in Column(列) C is a good

idea. Surfer looks for these

coordinates(坐標) in these columns by

default.

一、 Opening an Existing Data File

To look at an example of an XYZ data file,

you can open TUTORWS2.DAT into a worksheet(工作表

) window:

1. Choose the File | Open command, or click the

data file. button to select the XYZ

2. Double-click on the SAMPLES folder. In the list of files, click TUTORWS2.DAT and then click the Open button to display the file in the worksheet(工作表) window.

3. Notice that the X coordinate(坐標)

(Easting) is in Column(列) A, the Y

coordinate(坐標) (Northing) is in

Column(列) B, and the Z value

(Elevation) is in Column(列) C.

Although it is not required, the header

text (the text in row(行) 1) is helpful

in identifying the type of data in the

column(列), and this information is

used in dialog boxes when selecting

worksheet(工作表) columns.

二、 Creating a New Data File

The Surfer worksheet(工作表) can also be used to create a data file. To open a worksheet(工作表) window and begin entering data:

1. Choose the File | New command or click th

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