Centos7-Lvs+Keepalived架構(gòu)

LVS+Keepalived

介紹

1?、???LVS

LVS?是一個(gè)開源的軟件，可以實(shí)現(xiàn)?LINUX?平臺(tái)下的簡(jiǎn)單負(fù)載均衡。?LVS?是?Linux Virtual Server?的縮寫，意思是?Linux?虛擬服務(wù)器。目前有三種?IP?負(fù)載均衡技術(shù)（?VS/NAT?、?VS/TUN?和?VS/DR?）；八種調(diào)度算法（?rr,wrr,lc,wlc,lblc,lblcr,dh,sh?）。

2?、???keepalived

Keepalived??是運(yùn)行在?lvs??之上，是一個(gè)用于做雙機(jī)熱備（?HA?）的軟件，它的主要功能是實(shí)現(xiàn)真實(shí)機(jī)的故障隔離及負(fù)載均衡器間的失敗切換，提高系統(tǒng)的可用性。

運(yùn)行原理

keepalived?通過(guò)選舉（看服務(wù)器設(shè)置的權(quán)重）挑選出一臺(tái)熱備服務(wù)器做?MASTER?機(jī)器，?MASTER?機(jī)器會(huì)被分配到一個(gè)指定的虛擬?ip?，外部程序可通過(guò)該ip?訪問(wèn)這臺(tái)服務(wù)器，如果這臺(tái)服務(wù)器出現(xiàn)故障（斷網(wǎng)，重啟，或者本機(jī)器上的?keepalived crash?等），?keepalived?會(huì)從其他的備份機(jī)器上重選（還是看服務(wù)器設(shè)置的權(quán)重）一臺(tái)機(jī)器做?MASTER?并分配同樣的虛擬?IP?，充當(dāng)前一臺(tái)?MASTER?的角色。

選舉策略

選舉策略是根據(jù)?VRRP?協(xié)議?，完全按照權(quán)重大小，權(quán)重最大（?0?～?255?）的是?MASTER?機(jī)器，下面幾種情況會(huì)觸發(fā)選舉。

1.?keepalived?啟動(dòng)的時(shí)候；

2. master?服務(wù)器出現(xiàn)故障（斷網(wǎng)，重啟，或者本機(jī)器上的?keepalived crash?等，而本機(jī)器上其他應(yīng)用程序?crash?不算）；

3.?有新的備份服務(wù)器加入且權(quán)重最大。

配置實(shí)例

lvs_vip?：?172.16.10.188

lvs1+keepalived?主：?172.16.10.102

lvs2+keepalived?備：?172.16.10.142

nginx1?：?172.16.10.162

nginx2?：?172.16.10.167

安裝?ipvsadm?和?keepalived

#?yum?-y?install?ipvsadm?keepalived

修改?keepalived?主的配置

#?vim/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf global_defs{ notification_email{******@163.com?????????#報(bào)警接收人，多個(gè)寫多行}notification_email_from?******@163.com????#報(bào)警發(fā)件人smtp_server?smtp.163.com???#發(fā)送email時(shí)使用的smtp服務(wù)器地址smtp_connect_timeout?30???#smtp超時(shí)時(shí)間router_id?LVS1??????#表示運(yùn)行keepalived服務(wù)器的一個(gè)標(biāo)識(shí)，發(fā)郵件時(shí)顯示在郵件主題的信息 } #不使用SYNCGroup的話，如果路由有2個(gè)網(wǎng)段，一個(gè)內(nèi)網(wǎng)，一個(gè)外網(wǎng)，每個(gè)網(wǎng)段開啟一個(gè)VRRP實(shí)例，假設(shè)VRRP配置為檢查內(nèi)網(wǎng)，那么當(dāng)外網(wǎng)出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題時(shí)，VRRP會(huì)認(rèn)為自己是健康的，則不會(huì)發(fā)送Master和Backup的切換，從而導(dǎo)致問(wèn)題，SyncGroup可以把兩個(gè)實(shí)例都放入SyncGroup，這樣的話，Group里任何一個(gè)實(shí)例出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題都會(huì)發(fā)生切換 vrrp_sync_grouptest?{????? group{loadbalance } }vrrp_instanceloadbalance?{state?MASTER??????????#指定keepalived的角色，MASTER表示此主機(jī)是主服務(wù)器，BACKUP表示此主機(jī)是備用服務(wù)器interface?eno16777736???#指定HA監(jiān)測(cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的接口lvs_sync_daemon_inteface?eno16777736????#負(fù)載均衡器之間的監(jiān)控接口，類似于HA?HeartBeat的心跳線virtual_router_id?38????#虛擬路由標(biāo)識(shí)，這個(gè)標(biāo)識(shí)是一個(gè)數(shù)字，同一個(gè)vrrp實(shí)例使用唯一的標(biāo)識(shí)。即同一vrrp_instance下，MASTER和BACKUP必須是一致的priority?100????#定義優(yōu)先級(jí)，數(shù)字越大，優(yōu)先級(jí)越高，在同一個(gè)vrrp_instance下，MASTER的優(yōu)先級(jí)必須大于BACKUP的優(yōu)先級(jí)advert_int?5???#定MASTER與BACKUP負(fù)載均衡器之間同步檢查的時(shí)間間隔，單位是秒 authentication{auth_type?PASS???#設(shè)置驗(yàn)證類型，主要有PASS和AH兩種auth_pass?1111???#設(shè)置驗(yàn)證密碼，在同一個(gè)vrrp_instance下，MASTER與BACKUP必須使用相同的密碼才能正常通信 } virtual_ipaddress{172.16.10.188???#設(shè)置虛擬IP地址，可以設(shè)置多個(gè)虛擬IP地址，每行一個(gè) } }virtual_server172.16.10.188?80?{?????#設(shè)置虛擬服務(wù)器，需要指定虛擬IP地址和服務(wù)端口，IP與端口之間用空格隔開delay_loop?6????#設(shè)置運(yùn)行情況檢查時(shí)間，單位是秒lb_algo?rr????#設(shè)置負(fù)載調(diào)度算法，這里設(shè)置為rr，即輪詢算法lb_kind?DR???#設(shè)置LVS實(shí)現(xiàn)負(fù)載均衡的機(jī)制，有NAT、TUN、DR三個(gè)模式可選#persistence_timeout?20???#會(huì)話保持時(shí)間，單位是秒。這個(gè)選項(xiàng)對(duì)動(dòng)態(tài)網(wǎng)頁(yè)是非常有用的，為集群系統(tǒng)中的session共享提供了一個(gè)很好的解決方案。protocol?TCP???#指定轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)協(xié)議類型，有TCP和UDP兩種real_server?172.16.10.162?80?{????#配置服務(wù)節(jié)點(diǎn)1，需要指定realserver的真實(shí)IP地址和端口，IP與端口之間用空格隔開weight1???#配置服務(wù)節(jié)點(diǎn)的權(quán)值，權(quán)值大小用數(shù)字表示，數(shù)字越大，權(quán)值越高TCP_CHECK?{connect_timeout?3???#表示3秒無(wú)響應(yīng)超時(shí)nb_get_retry?3???#表示重試次數(shù)delay_before_retry?3??#表示重試間隔 } }real_server?172.16.10.167?80?{weight?1TCP_CHECK?{connect_timeout?3nb_get_retry?3delay_before_retry?3 } } }virtual_server172.16.10.188?443?{delay_loop?6lb_algo?rrlb_kind?DR#persistence_timeout?20protocol?TCPreal_server?172.16.10.162?443?{weight?1TCP_CHECK?{connect_timeout?3nb_get_retry?3delay_before_retry?3 } }real_server?172.16.10.167?443?{weight?1TCP_CHECK?{connect_timeout?3nb_get_retry?3delay_before_retry?3 } } }

修改?keepalived?備的配置

基本都和主一樣，只需要修改幾處

state??BACKUP priority??99 router_id??LVS2

在兩臺(tái)?lvs?服務(wù)器上開啟路由轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)功能

#?vim/etc/sysctl.conf net.ipv4.ip_forward=?1 #?sysctl-p

添加?realserver ip?地址

#?ipvsadm-A?-t?172.16.10.188:80?-s?rr #?ipvsadm-a?-t?172.16.10.188:80?-r?172.16.10.162:80?-w?1 #?ipvsadm-a?-t?172.16.10.188:80?-r?172.16.10.167:80?-w?1 #?ipvsadm-A?-t?172.16.10.188:443?-s?rr #?ipvsadm-a?-t?172.16.10.188:443?-r?172.16.10.162:443?-w?1 #?ipvsadm-a?-t?172.16.10.188:443?-r?172.16.10.167:443?-w?1

查看

#?ipvsadm-l

啟動(dòng)服務(wù)

#?systemctlstart?keepalived #?systemctlenable?keepalived

ipvsadm腳本

#?vim?/etc/init.d/ipvsadm #!/bin/bash # #LVS?script?for?VS/DR # #./etc/rc.d/init.d/functions # VIP=172.16.10.188 RIP1=172.16.10.162 RIP2=172.16.10.167 PORT1=80 PORT2=443 Algorithm=rr Weight=1 # case"$1"?in start) #Since?this?is?the?Director?we?must?be?able?to?forward?packets #只是臨時(shí)修改，重啟機(jī)器或重啟網(wǎng)卡失效echo?1?>?/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward #Clear?all?ipvsadm?rules/services./usr/sbin/ipvsadm?-C #Add?an?IP?virtual?service?for?VIP?/usr/sbin/ipvsadm?-A?-t?$VIP:$PORT1?-s$Algorithm #Now?direct?packets?for?this?VIP?to #the?real?server?IP?(RIP)?inside?the?cluster/usr/sbin/ipvsadm?-a?-t?$VIP:$PORT1?-r?$RIP1-g?-w?$Weight/usr/sbin/ipvsadm?-a?-t?$VIP:$PORT1?-r?$RIP2-g?-w?$Weight #Add?an?IP?virtual?service?for?VIP?/usr/sbin/ipvsadm?-A?-t?$VIP:$PORT2?-s$Algorithm #Now?direct?packets?for?this?VIP?to #the?real?server?IP?(RIP)?inside?the?cluster/usr/sbin/ipvsadm?-a?-t?$VIP:$PORT2?-r?$RIP1-g?-w?$Weight/usr/sbin/ipvsadm?-a?-t?$VIP:$PORT2?-r?$RIP2-g?-w?$Weight/bin/touch?/var/lock/subsys/ipvsadm?&>/dev/null ;; stop) #Stop?forwarding?packetsecho?0?>?/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward #Reset?ipvsadm/usr/sbin/ipvsadm?-C #?Bringdown?the?VIP?interface/usr/sbin/route?del?$VIP/bin/rm?-f?/var/lock/subsys/ipvsadmecho?"ipvs?is?stopped..." ;; status)if?[?!?-e?/var/lock/subsys/ipvsadm?];?thenecho?"ipvsadm?is?stopped?..."elseecho?"ipvs?is?running?..."ipvsadm?-L?-nfi ;; *)echo?"Usage:?$0{start|stop|status}" ;; esac

添加開機(jī)啟動(dòng)

#?vim/etc/rc.d/rc.local /etc/init.d/ipvsadmstart #?chmod+x?/etc/rc.d/rc.loca

relearserver端配置（nginx）

修改內(nèi)核參數(shù)

#?vim/etc/sysctl.conf net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_ignore=1 net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_announce=2 net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_ignore=1 net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_announce=2 net.ipv4.ip_forward=0 #?sysctl?-p

配置虛擬IP地址

臨時(shí)添加

#?ifconfiglo:0?172.16.10.188?netmask?255.255.255.255?broadcast?172.16.10.188

永久添加

#?vim?/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo:0 TYPE=Ethernet BOOTPROTO=static DEFROUTE=yes PEERDNS=yes PEERROUTES=yes IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no NAME=lo:0 DEVICE=lo:0 ONBOOT=yes IPADDR=172.16.10.188 NETMASK=255.255.255.255

配置路由

臨時(shí)添加

#?routeadd?-host?172.16.10.188?dev?lo:0

永久添加

#?vim?/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/route-lo:0 172.16.10.188dev?lo:0

到此配置完成

測(cè)試

停止?keepalived?主，查看?vip?是否漂移到備，并測(cè)試是否可以正常訪問(wèn)

查看日志信息

#?tail-f?/var/log/messages

查看?LVS?當(dāng)前設(shè)置

#?watch?ipvsadm?-Ln

查看轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)情況

#?watch?ipvsadm?-Lnc

在測(cè)試中我發(fā)現(xiàn)，使用?rr?算法，一個(gè)用戶的請(qǐng)求會(huì)被分發(fā)到兩臺(tái)?nginx?上，這并不是我想要的結(jié)果，大概看了一下?lvs?的八種算法，最后將?rr?替換為了?sh（源地址散列），具體介紹自行百度，之后，同一個(gè)用戶的請(qǐng)求可以被分發(fā)在同一臺(tái)?nginx?上面了。

但是我又發(fā)現(xiàn)?keepalived?配置中有調(diào)度算法和權(quán)重，?ipvsadm?中也有調(diào)度算法和權(quán)重，這是不是會(huì)有沖突呢，會(huì)使用誰(shuí)的算法。

經(jīng)過(guò)測(cè)試，手動(dòng)配置完?keepalived?和?ipvsadm?之后，例如：?keepalived?算法為?sh?，權(quán)重為?3?。?ipvsadm?算法為?rr?，權(quán)重為?1?。啟動(dòng)?keepalived?，ipvsadm-l?查看，發(fā)現(xiàn)算法替換為?sh?，權(quán)重為?3?。

手動(dòng)將?ipvsadm?的配置修改，算法為?rr?，權(quán)重為?1?，?keepalived?不重啟，?ipvsadm-l?查看，配置生效，經(jīng)測(cè)試，使用的是手動(dòng)改動(dòng)過(guò)后的配置。

所以這兩個(gè)的配置要一樣。

LVS?負(fù)載均衡中?arp_ignore?和?arp_annonuce?參數(shù)配置的含義

arp_ignore:定義對(duì)目標(biāo)地址為本地IP的ARP詢問(wèn)不同的應(yīng)答模式0? 0?-?(默認(rèn)值):?回應(yīng)任何網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口上對(duì)任何本地IP地址的arp查詢請(qǐng)求? 1?-?只回答目標(biāo)IP地址是來(lái)訪網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口本地地址的ARP查詢請(qǐng)求? 2?-只回答目標(biāo)IP地址是來(lái)訪網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口本地地址的ARP查詢請(qǐng)求,且來(lái)訪IP必須在該網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口的子網(wǎng)段內(nèi)? 3?-?不回應(yīng)該網(wǎng)絡(luò)界面的arp請(qǐng)求，而只對(duì)設(shè)置的唯一和連接地址做出回應(yīng)? 4-7?-?保留未使用? 8?-不回應(yīng)所有（本地地址）的arp查詢 arp_announce:對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口上，本地IP地址的發(fā)出的，ARP回應(yīng)，作出相應(yīng)級(jí)別的限制:?確定不同程度的限制,宣布對(duì)來(lái)自本地源IP地址發(fā)出Arp請(qǐng)求的接口? 0?-?(默認(rèn))?在任意網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口（eth0,eth1，lo）上的任何本地地址? 1?-盡量避免不在該網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口子網(wǎng)段的本地地址做出arp回應(yīng).?當(dāng)發(fā)起ARP請(qǐng)求的源IP地址是被設(shè)置應(yīng)該經(jīng)由路由達(dá)到此網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口的時(shí)候很有用.此時(shí)會(huì)檢查來(lái)訪IP是否為所有接口上的子網(wǎng)段內(nèi)ip之一.如果改來(lái)訪IP不屬于各個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口上的子網(wǎng)段內(nèi),那么將采用級(jí)別2的方式來(lái)進(jìn)行處理.? 2?-?對(duì)查詢目標(biāo)使用最適當(dāng)?shù)谋镜氐刂?在此模式下將忽略這個(gè)IP數(shù)據(jù)包的源地址并嘗試選擇與能與該地址通信的本地地址.首要是選擇所有的網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口的子網(wǎng)中外出訪問(wèn)子網(wǎng)中包含該目標(biāo)IP地址的本地地址.?如果沒(méi)有合適的地址被發(fā)現(xiàn),將選擇當(dāng)前的發(fā)送網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口或其他的有可能接受到該ARP回應(yīng)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口來(lái)進(jìn)行發(fā)送.

ipvsadm?參數(shù)詳解

#?ipvsadm-h ipvsadmv1.27?2008/5/15?(compiled?with?popt?and?IPVS?v1.2.1) Usage:ipvsadm?-A|E?-t|u|f?service-address?[-sscheduler]?[-p?[timeout]]?[-M?netmask]?[--pe?persistence_engine]?[-bsched-flags]ipvsadm?-D?-t|u|f?service-addressipvsadm?-Cipvsadm?-Ripvsadm?-S?[-n]ipvsadm?-a|e?-t|u|f?service-address?-rserver-address?[options]ipvsadm?-d?-t|u|f?service-address?-rserver-addressipvsadm?-L|l?[options]ipvsadm?-Z?[-t|u|f?service-address]ipvsadm?--set?tcp?tcpfin?udpipvsadm?--start-daemon?state[--mcast-interface?interface]?[--syncid?sid]ipvsadm?--stop-daemon?stateipvsadm?-hOptions:--tcp-service?-t?service-address??service-address?is?host[:port]--udp-service?-u?service-address??service-address?is?host[:port]--fwmark-service??-f?fwmark?????????fwmark?is?an?integer?greater?than?zero--ipv6????????-6???????????????????fwmark?entryuses?IPv6--scheduler???-s?scheduler?????????one?ofrr|wrr|lc|wlc|lblc|lblcr|dh|sh|sed|nq,thedefault?scheduler?is?wlc.--pe????????????engine??????????????alternate?persistence?engine?maybe?sip,not?setby?default.--persistent??-p?[timeout]?????????persistentservice--netmask?????-M?netmask???????????persistentgranularity?mask--real-server?-r?server-address???server-address?is?host?(and?port)--gatewaying??-g???????????????????gatewaying(direct?routing)?(default)--ipip????????-i???????????????????ipip?encapsulation?(tunneling)--masquerading?-m???????????????????masquerading?(NAT)--weight??????-w?weight????????????capacity?ofreal?server--u-threshold?-x?uthreshold????????upperthreshold?of?connections--l-threshold?-y?lthreshold????????lowerthreshold?of?connections--mcast-interface?interface?????????multicast?interface?for?connectionsync--syncid?sid????????????????????????syncid?for?connectionsync?(default=255)--connection??-c???????????????????output?ofcurrent?IPVS?connections--timeout???????????????????????????output?of?timeout(tcp?tcpfin?udp)--daemon????????????????????????????output?of?daemoninformation--stats?????????????????????????????output?ofstatistics?information--rate??????????????????????????????output?of?rateinformation--exact?????????????????????????????expand?numbers(display?exact?values)--thresholds????????????????????????output?of?thresholdsinformation--persistent-conn???????????????????output?of?persistentconnection?info--nosort????????????????????????????disable?sortingoutput?of?service/server?entries--sort??????????????????????????????does?nothing,?forbackwards?compatibility--ops?????????-o???????????????????one-packet?scheduling--numeric?????-n???????????????????numericoutput?of?addresses?and?ports--sched-flags?-b?flags?????????????schedulerflags?(comma-separated)--add-service?????-A????????add?virtual?service?with?option??在內(nèi)核的虛擬服務(wù)器表中添加一條新的虛擬服務(wù)器記錄。也就是增加一臺(tái)新的虛擬服務(wù)器??--edit-service????-E????????edit?virtual?service?with?options??編輯內(nèi)核虛擬服務(wù)器表中的一條虛擬服務(wù)器記錄??--delete-service??-D????????delete?virtual?service??刪除內(nèi)核虛擬服務(wù)器表中的一條虛擬服務(wù)器記錄??--clear???????????-C????????clear?the?whole?table??清除內(nèi)核虛擬服務(wù)器表中的所有記錄??--restore?????????-R????????restore?rules?from?stdin??恢復(fù)虛擬服務(wù)器規(guī)則??--save????????????-S????????save?rules?to?stdout??保存虛擬服務(wù)器規(guī)則，輸出為-R?選項(xiàng)可讀的格式??--add-server??????-a????????add?real?server?with?options??在內(nèi)核虛擬服務(wù)器表的一條記錄里添加一條新的真實(shí)服務(wù)器??--edit-server?????-e????????edit?real?server?with?options??編輯一條虛擬服務(wù)器記錄中的某條真實(shí)服務(wù)器記錄??--delete-server???-d????????delete?real?server??刪除一條虛擬服務(wù)器記錄中的某條真實(shí)服務(wù)器記錄??--list????????????-L|-l?????list?the?table??顯示內(nèi)核虛擬服務(wù)器表??--zero????????????-Z????????zero?counters?in?a?service?or?all?services??虛擬服務(wù)表計(jì)數(shù)器清零??--set?tcp?tcpfin?udp????????set?connection?timeout?values??設(shè)置連接超時(shí)值??--start-daemon??????????????start?connection?sync?daemon??啟動(dòng)同步守護(hù)進(jìn)程。他后面可以是master?或backup，用來(lái)說(shuō)明LVS?Router?是master?或是backup。在這個(gè)功能上也可以采keepalived?的VRRP?功能。??--stop-daemon???????????????stop?connection?sync?daemon??停止同步守護(hù)進(jìn)程??--help????????????-h????????display?this?help?message??顯示幫助信息Options:??--tcp-service??-t?service-address???service-address?is?host[:port]??說(shuō)明虛擬服務(wù)器提供的是tcp?的服務(wù)[vip:port]?or?[real-server-ip:port]??--udp-service??-u?service-address???service-address?is?host[:port]??說(shuō)明虛擬服務(wù)器提供的是udp?的服務(wù)[vip:port]?or?[real-server-ip:port]??--fwmark-service??-f?fwmark?????????fwmark?is?an?integer?greater?than?zero??說(shuō)明是經(jīng)過(guò)iptables?標(biāo)記過(guò)的服務(wù)類型。??--scheduler????-s?scheduler?????????one?of?rr|wrr|lc|wlc|lblc|lblcr|dh|sh|sed|nq,the?default?scheduler?is?wlc.??使用的調(diào)度算法，有這樣幾個(gè)選項(xiàng),默認(rèn)的調(diào)度算法是：?wlc.??--persistent???-p?[timeout]?????????persistent?service??持久穩(wěn)固的服務(wù)。這個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思是來(lái)自同一個(gè)客戶的多次請(qǐng)求，將被同一臺(tái)真實(shí)的服務(wù)器處理。timeout?的默認(rèn)值為300?秒??--netmask??????-M?netmask???????????persistent?granularity?mask??--real-server??-r?server-address????server-address?is?host?(and?port)??真實(shí)的服務(wù)器[Real-Server:port]??--gatewaying???-g???????????????????gatewaying?(direct?routing)?(default)??指定LVS?的工作模式為直接路由模式（也是LVS?默認(rèn)的模式??--ipip?????????-i???????????????????ipip?encapsulation?(tunneling)??指定LVS?的工作模式為隧道模式??--masquerading?-m???????????????????masquerading?(NAT)??指定LVS?的工作模式為NAT?模式??--weight???????-w?weight????????????capacity?of?real?server??真實(shí)服務(wù)器的權(quán)值??--u-threshold??-x?uthreshold????????upper?threshold?of?connections??--l-threshold??-y?lthreshold????????lower?threshold?of?connections??--mcast-interface?interface?????????multicast?interface?for?connection?sync??指定組播的同步接口??--syncid?sid????????????????????????syncid?for?connection?sync?(default=255)??--connection???-c???????????????????output?of?current?IPVS?connections??顯示LVS?目前的連接?如：ipvsadm?-L?-c??--timeout???????????????????????????output?of?timeout?(tcp?tcpfin?udp)??顯示tcp?tcpfin?udp?的timeout?值?如：ipvsadm?-L?--timeout??--daemon????????????????????????????output?of?daemon?information??顯示同步守護(hù)進(jìn)程狀態(tài)??--stats?????????????????????????????output?of?statistics?information??顯示統(tǒng)計(jì)信息??--rate??????????????????????????????output?of?rate?information??顯示速率信息??--thresholds????????????????????????output?of?thresholds?information??--persistent-conn???????????????????output?of?persistent?connection?info??--sort??????????????????????????????sorting?output?of?service/server?entries??對(duì)虛擬服務(wù)器和真實(shí)服務(wù)器排序輸出??--ops??????????-O???????????????????one-packet?scheduling??--numeric??????-n???????????????????numeric?output?of?addresses?and?ports??輸出IP?地址和端口的數(shù)字形式

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? ? ? 本文轉(zhuǎn)自rshare 51CTO博客，原文鏈接：http://blog.51cto.com/1364952/1978602，如需轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)自行聯(lián)系原作者

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