沈建新，何標

浙江大學 電氣工程學院 浙江省電機系統智能控制與變流技術重點實驗室，杭州 310027

摘要：永磁同步電機采用空間矢量脈寬調制控制時，每個PWM周期內施加適當的電壓矢量(包括電壓矢量的模值、相位及作用時間)。通常情況下電機的每個基波周期內包含多個PWM周期，因此電壓矢量的積分會產生一個多邊形的磁鏈矢量運行軌跡，接近于圓形軌跡。但是，當載波比(即PWM頻率與電機基波頻率之比)較低時，氣隙磁鏈矢量的多邊形運行軌跡的邊數很少，遠遠偏離于圓形，導致電流矢量的運行軌跡也偏離圓形，從而使得相電流波形畸變、電機的矢量控制性能惡化。本文將對比分析常規三相永磁同步電機和雙三相永磁同步電機的數學模型、電壓矢量的合成以及磁鏈矢量的軌跡特性，為在低載波比工況下改善電機的控制性能提供理論依據。

關鍵詞：永磁同步電機；空間矢量脈寬調制控制；低載波比運行；磁鏈矢量軌跡；雙三相電機

中圖分類號：TM351;TM341 ?文獻標志碼：A ?文章編號：1001-6848(2020)06-0001-05

Flux Linkage Vector Trajectory of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines Under Low Carrier Ratio Condition

SHEN Jianxin, HE Biao

College of Electrical Engineering,Zhejiang Provincial Key Labroatory of Electrical Machine Systems,zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China

Abstract: When a permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) runs under SVPWM-based vector control, during each PWM cycle, a voltage vector with proper magnitude, phase angle and time interval is determined and applied on the machine. Integration of the voltage vectors will make the flux linkage vector, of which the trajectory is a polygon. Usually, there are many PWM cycles within each fundamental cycle, hence, the polygon is close to a circle. However, when the carrier ratio which is the ratio of the PWM frequency to the machine fundamental frequency is low, the polygon has few edges thus is far away from a circle, and so is the trajectory of the current vector. Consequently, the phase current waveform is distorted, and the vector control performance is deteriorated. In this paper, the common three-phase PMSM and the dual-three-phase PMSM were comparatively studied, in aspects of their models, synthesis of voltage vectors, and the characteristics of the flux linkage vector trajectories, so that the PMSM control performance under low carrier ratio condition can be improved.?

Key words: permanent magnet synchronous machine；SVPWM control；low carrier ratio operation；flux linkage vector trajectory；dual-three-phase machine.

本文發表于《微電機》2020年第六期

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