build.gradle里的dependencies標簽頁:

如果把dependencies改成dependencies2, gradle build的輸出會遇到錯誤消息:

A problem occurred evaluating root project ‘quickstart’.

Could not find method dependencies2() for arguments [build_a2307i03s3k13jdug3afl2lin$_run_closure3@21c69f73] on root project ‘quickstart’ of type org.gradle.api.Project.

找到這個org.gradle.api.Project類,位于目錄org\gradle\api下面:

打開Project.java, 查看關于dependencies的說明:

A project generally has a number of dependencies it needs in order to do its work. Also, a project generally

• produces a number of artifacts, which other projects can use. Those dependencies are grouped in configurations, and
• can be retrieved and uploaded from repositories. You use the {@link org.gradle.api.artifacts.ConfigurationContainer}
• returned by {@link #getConfigurations()} method to manage the configurations. The {@link
• org.gradle.api.artifacts.dsl.DependencyHandler} returned by {@link #getDependencies()} method to manage the
• dependencies. The {@link org.gradle.api.artifacts.dsl.ArtifactHandler} returned by {@link #getArtifacts()} method to
• manage the artifacts. The {@link org.gradle.api.artifacts.dsl.RepositoryHandler} returned by {@link
• #getRepositories()} method to manage the repositories.

Project是一個接口:

里面定義了dependencies這個方法:

這個方法的實現在哪里呢?

將dependencies標簽頁里的implementation標簽隨便換個名字:

gradle build出錯:

A problem occurred evaluating root project ‘quickstart’.
Could not find method implementation2() for arguments [{group=commons-collections, name=commons-collections, version=3.2.2}] on object of type org.gradle.api.internal.artifacts.dsl.dependencies.DefaultDependencyHandler.

說明Implementation標簽頁的實現就位于org.gradle.api.internal.artifacts.dsl.dependencies.DefaultDependencyHandler類里.

group改成group2:

build出錯:

A problem occurred evaluating root project ‘quickstart’.
Could not set unknown property ‘group2’ for DefaultExternalModuleDependency{group=‘null’, name=‘commons-collections’, version=‘3.2.2’, configuration=‘default’} of type org.gradle.api.internal.artifacts.dependencies.DefaultExternalModuleDependency.

所以build.gradle文件dependencies里的標簽對應了DefaultExternalModuleDependency類的實例. 前者dependencies屬性group, name和version對應了DefaultExternalModuleDependency類的成員:

再把dependenies里的group屬性值稍作修改,改成一個并不存在的庫文件名:

gradle build報錯:

Could not resolve all files for configuration ‘:compileClasspath’.
Could not find commons-collections-:commons-collections:3.2.2.
Searched in the following locations:
- https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/commons-collections-/commons-collections/3.2.2/commons-collections-3.2.2.pom
If the artifact you are trying to retrieve can be found in the repository but without metadata in ‘Maven POM’ format, you need to adjust the ‘metadataSources { … }’ of the repository declaration.
Required by:
project :

從錯誤信息的url能看出gradle build下載依賴的地址:https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/commons-collections-/commons-collections/3.2.2/commons-collections-3.2.2.pom

如果把url里多余的-去掉,在瀏覽器里即可正常訪問:

https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2/commons-collections/commons-collections/3.2.2/commons-collections-3.2.2.pom

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