這一對注解用于在parent上下文和子指令或者組件之間共享數(shù)據(jù)。@Input修飾的屬性可寫，用于數(shù)據(jù)綁定，而@Output屬性可被訂閱(Observable).

@Input() and @Output() allow Angular to share data between the parent context and child directives or components. An @Input() property is writable while an @Output() property is observable.

假設(shè)有這樣一對父子Component：

<parent-component><child-component></child-component> </parent-component>

可以把@Input和@Output想象成一對API, 父子組件間通過API進(jìn)行通信。@Input相當(dāng)于inbound接口，允許數(shù)據(jù)流入子Component，而@Output允許子Component往外發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)。

@Input() and @Output() act as the API, or application programming interface, of the child component in that they allow the child to communicate with the parent. Think of @Input() and @Output() like ports or doorways—@Input() is the doorway into the component allowing data to flow in while @Output() is the doorway out of the component, allowing the child component to send data out.

Use the @Input() decorator in a child component or directive to let Angular know that a property in that component can receive its value from its parent component. It helps to remember that the data flow is from the perspective of the child component. So an @Input() allows data to be input into the child component from the parent component.

如何理解Angular這對input和output的流向？類似SAP CRM中間件里的download和upload. 在SAP中間件里，我們談?wù)摂?shù)據(jù)流向時(shí)，視角是從SAP CRM出發(fā)的，凡是數(shù)據(jù)從ERP流向CRM，即CRM從ERP下載數(shù)據(jù)，所以稱為download. 反之，從CRM推送數(shù)據(jù)到ERP，稱為upload.

而Angular里的@input和@output，視角同樣是從child Component來說的。

被@Input修飾的子Component屬性，可以使用Angular生命周期hook OnChanges來監(jiān)控。

@Output

被@output修飾的子Component屬性，一般通過Angular EventEmitter初始化，通過events的方式流出子Component.

An @Output() property should normally be initialized to an Angular EventEmitter with values flowing out of the component as events.

例子：

子Component里定義一個(gè)property：

@Output() newItemEvent = new EventEmitter();

如何通過Event的方式發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)給parent Component？

export class ItemOutputComponent {@Output() newItemEvent = new EventEmitter<string>();addNewItem(value: string) {this.newItemEvent.emit(value);} }

child Component的html：

<label>Add an item: <input #newItem></label> <button (click)="addNewItem(newItem.value)">Add to parent's list</button>

如何在parent Component里接收來自child Component的事件？

<app-item-output (newItemEvent)="addItem($event)"></app-item-output>

newItemEvent是子Component加了@Output注解的property名稱，addItem是父Component的事件處理函數(shù)：

export class AppComponent {items = ['item1', 'item2', 'item3', 'item4'];addItem(newItem: string) {this.items.push(newItem);} }

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