注意：本篇博客直接使用VOC2007數據集

1.數據集

Labelimg軟件構建數據集，Labelimg項目地址：https://github.com/tzutalin/labelImg，Labelimg快捷鍵：

Ctrl + u?? ?Load all of the images from a directory

Ctrl + r?? ?Change the default annotation target dir

Ctrl + s?? ?Save

Ctrl + d?? ?Copy the current label and rect box

Space?? ?Flag the current image as verified

w?? ?Create a rect box

d?? ?Next image

a?? ?Previous image

del?? ?Delete the selected rect box

Ctrl++?? ?Zoom in

Ctrl--?? ?Zoom out

↑→↓←?? ?Keyboard arrows to move selected rect box

voc2007數據集目錄結構 ：

----voc2007

----Annotations

----ImageSets

----Main

----JPEGImages

在根目錄下新建makeTXT.py，將數據集劃分，并且在Main文件夾下構建4個TXT：train.txt，test.txt，trainval.txt，val.txt。代碼如下：

import os

import random

trainval_percent = 0.1

train_percent = 0.9

xmlfilepath = 'data/Annotations'

txtsavepath = 'data/ImageSets'

total_xml = os.listdir(xmlfilepath)

num = len(total_xml)

list = range(num)

tv = int(num * trainval_percent)

tr = int(tv * train_percent)

trainval = random.sample(list, tv)

train = random.sample(trainval, tr)

ftrainval = open('data/ImageSets/trainval.txt', 'w')

ftest = open('data/ImageSets/test.txt', 'w')

ftrain = open('data/ImageSets/train.txt', 'w')

fval = open('data/ImageSets/val.txt', 'w')

for i in list:

name = total_xml[i][:-4] + '\n'

if i in trainval:

ftrainval.write(name)

if i in train:

ftest.write(name)

else:

fval.write(name)

else:

ftrain.write(name)

ftrainval.close()

ftrain.close()

fval.close()

ftest.close()

在?根目錄下新建voclabel.py，生成labels。代碼如下：

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

import pickle

import os

from os import listdir, getcwd

from os.path import join

sets = ['train', 'test','val']

classes = ["aeroplane", "bicycle", "bird", "boat", "bottle", "bus", "car", "cat", "chair", "cow", "diningtable", "dog", "horse", "motorbike", "person", "pottedplant", "sheep", "sofa", "train", "tvmonitor"]

def convert(size, box):

dw = 1. / size[0]

dh = 1. / size[1]

x = (box[0] + box[1]) / 2.0

y = (box[2] + box[3]) / 2.0

w = box[1] - box[0]

h = box[3] - box[2]

x = x * dw

w = w * dw

y = y * dh

h = h * dh

return (x, y, w, h)

def convert_annotation(image_id):

in_file = open('data/Annotations/%s.xml' % (image_id))

out_file = open('data/labels/%s.txt' % (image_id), 'w')

tree = ET.parse(in_file)

root = tree.getroot()

size = root.find('size')

w = int(size.find('width').text)

h = int(size.find('height').text)

for obj in root.iter('object'):

difficult = obj.find('difficult').text

cls = obj.find('name').text

if cls not in classes or int(difficult) == 1:

continue

cls_id = classes.index(cls)

xmlbox = obj.find('bndbox')

b = (float(xmlbox.find('xmin').text), float(xmlbox.find('xmax').text), float(xmlbox.find('ymin').text),

float(xmlbox.find('ymax').text))

bb = convert((w, h), b)

out_file.write(str(cls_id) + " " + " ".join([str(a) for a in bb]) + '\n')

wd = getcwd()

print(wd)

for image_set in sets:

if not os.path.exists('data/labels/'):

os.makedirs('data/labels/')

image_ids = open('data/ImageSets/%s.txt' % (image_set)).read().strip().split()

list_file = open('data/%s.txt' % (image_set), 'w')

for image_id in image_ids:

list_file.write('data/images/%s.jpg\n' % (image_id))

convert_annotation(image_id)

list_file.close()

數據格式如下圖：

其中images里面存放的是JPEGImages的全部圖片。

2.環(huán)境

（1）git clone https://github.com/ultralytics/yolov3.git

（2）pip install -U -r requirements.txt

（5）在項目根目錄下新建weights文件夾，下載權重文件，將其放入weights文件夾中。

（6）測試：./darknet detect cfg/yolov3.cfg weights/yolov3.pt? data/samples/bus.jpg????或?????./darknet detector test cfg/coco.data cfg/yolov3.cfg yolov3.pt? data/samples/

3.訓練模型

（1）下載。

（2）在data目錄下新建**.name文件，存放你的數據集類別名稱。本文用coco.names:

aeroplane

bicycle

bird

boat

bottle

bus

car

cat

chair

cow

diningtable

dog

horse

motorbike

person

pottedplant

sheep

sofa

train

tvmonitor

（3）在data目錄下新建**.data文件，本文用coco.data：

classes = 20#類別數

train = data\2007_train.txt#voc_labels.py生成的訓練集的位置

valid = data\2007_test.txt

names = data\coco.names

backup = backup\

（4）?更新cfg文件的classes，本文使用的classes=20。yolo上一卷積層的filters=3*（classes+5），其中5代表的是4個坐標+1個置信度。

（5）開始訓練：python train.py --data data/coco.data --cfg cfg/yolov3.cfg? --weights weights/yolov3.pt

中斷后，恢復訓練：python train.py --data data/coco.data --cfg cfg/yolov3.cfg? --weights weights/yolov3.pt? --resume

注意：max_batches = 50200 ### 迭代次數

（6）測試：

python?detect.py --cfg cfg/yolov3.cfg --weights/******.pt --source data/samples/file.jpg

Image:

--source file.jpg

Video:

--source file.mp4

（7）評估模型：

python test.py --data? data/coco.data? --cfg cfg/yolov3.cfg --weights weights/******.pt

（8）可視化：

Python -c from utils import utils; utils.plot_results()

總結

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