分布式事务-TCC（Hmily）[通俗易懂]
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分布式事务-TCC（Hmily）[通俗易懂]
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TCC是什么：
TCC是Try、Confirm、Cancel三個詞語的縮寫，TCC要求每個分支事務實現三個操作：預處理Try、確認 Confirm、撤銷Cancel。Try操作做業務檢查及資源預留，Confirm做業務確認操作，Cancel實現一個與Try相反的 操作即回滾操作。TM首先發起所有的分支事務的try操作，任何一個分支事務的try操作執行失敗，TM將會發起所 有分支事務的Cancel操作，若try操作全部成功，TM將會發起所有分支事務的Confirm操作，其中Confirm/Cancel 操作若執行失敗，TM會進行重試。
分布式事務執行成功:
這邊try執行成功后，沒有異常會直接進入Confirm確認提交階段。
分布式執行失?。?/strong>
這邊try執行失敗后，執行成功一方的資源會進行事務回滾。
TCC分為三個階段：
1：Try 階段是做業務檢查(一致性)及資源預留(隔離)，此階段僅是一個初步操作，它和后續的Confirm 一起才能 真正構成一個完整的業務邏輯。
2. Confirm 階段是做確認提交，Try階段所有分支事務執行成功后開始執行 Confirm。通常情況下，采用TCC則 認為 Confirm階段是不會出錯的。即：只要Try成功，Confirm一定成功。若Confirm階段真的出錯了，需引 入重試機制或人工處理。
3. Cancel 階段是在業務執行錯誤需要回滾的狀態下執行分支事務的業務取消，預留資源釋放。通常情況下，采 用TCC則認為Cancel階段也是一定成功的。若Cancel階段真的出錯了，需引入重試機制或人工處理。
4. TM事務管理器 TM事務管理器可以實現為獨立的服務，也可以讓全局事務發起方充當TM的角色，TM獨立出來是為了成為公 用組件，是為了考慮系統結構和軟件復用。TM在發起全局事務時生成全局事務記錄，全局事務ID貫穿整個分布式事務調用鏈條，用來記錄事務上下文， 追蹤和記錄狀態，由于Confirm 和cancel失敗需進行重試，因此需要實現為冪等，冪等性是指同一個操作無論請求 多少次，其結果都相同。
Hmily：
Hmily是一個高性能分布式事務TCC開源框架。基于Java語言來開發（JDK1.8），支持Dubbo，Spring Cloud等 RPC框架進行分布式事務。Hmily實現的TCC服務與普通的服務一樣，只需要暴露一個接口，也就是它的Try業務。Confirm/Cancel業務 邏輯，只是因為全局事務提交/回滾的需要才提供的，因此Confirm/Cancel業務只需要被Hmily TCC事務框架 發現即可，不需要被調用它的其他業務服務所感知。
官網介紹：https://dromara.org/website/zh-cn/docs/hmily/index.html
Hmily環境構建：
首先導入hmily：
<dependency>
<groupId>org.dromara</groupId>
<artifactId>hmily-springcloud</artifactId>
<version>2.0.4-RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
添加hmily數據庫日志:
package com.study1.conf;
import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;
import org.dromara.hmily.common.config.HmilyConfig;
import org.dromara.hmily.common.config.HmilyDbConfig;
import org.dromara.hmily.core.bootstrap.HmilyTransactionBootstrap;
import org.dromara.hmily.core.service.HmilyInitService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.EnableAspectJAutoProxy;
import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;
@Configuration
@EnableAspectJAutoProxy(proxyTargetClass=true)
public class DatabaseHmliyConfiguration {
private final ApplicationContext applicationContext;
@Autowired
private Environment env;
public DatabaseHmliyConfiguration(ApplicationContext applicationContext) {
this.applicationContext = applicationContext;
}
@Bean
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource")
public DruidDataSource ds0() {
DruidDataSource druidDataSource = new DruidDataSource();
return druidDataSource;
}
@Bean
public HmilyTransactionBootstrap hmilyTransactionBootstrap(HmilyInitService hmilyInitService){
HmilyTransactionBootstrap hmilyTransactionBootstrap = new HmilyTransactionBootstrap(hmilyInitService);
hmilyTransactionBootstrap.setSerializer(env.getProperty("org.dromara.hmily.serializer"));
hmilyTransactionBootstrap.setRecoverDelayTime(Integer.parseInt(env.getProperty("org.dromara.hmily.recoverDelayTime")));
hmilyTransactionBootstrap.setRetryMax(Integer.parseInt(env.getProperty("org.dromara.hmily.retryMax")));
hmilyTransactionBootstrap.setScheduledDelay(Integer.parseInt(env.getProperty("org.dromara.hmily.scheduledDelay")));
hmilyTransactionBootstrap.setScheduledThreadMax(Integer.parseInt(env.getProperty("org.dromara.hmily.scheduledThreadMax")));
hmilyTransactionBootstrap.setRepositorySupport(env.getProperty("org.dromara.hmily.repositorySupport"));
hmilyTransactionBootstrap.setStarted(Boolean.parseBoolean(env.getProperty("org.dromara.hmily.started")));
HmilyDbConfig hmilyDbConfig = new HmilyDbConfig();
hmilyDbConfig.setDriverClassName(env.getProperty("org.dromara.hmily.hmilyDbConfig.driverClassName"));
hmilyDbConfig.setUrl(env.getProperty("org.dromara.hmily.hmilyDbConfig.url"));
hmilyDbConfig.setUsername(env.getProperty("org.dromara.hmily.hmilyDbConfig.username"));
hmilyDbConfig.setPassword(env.getProperty("org.dromara.hmily.hmilyDbConfig.password"));
hmilyTransactionBootstrap.setHmilyDbConfig(hmilyDbConfig);
return hmilyTransactionBootstrap;
}
}
添加yml配置：
org:
dromara:
hmily:
serializer: kryo
recoverDelayTime: 30
retryMax: 30
scheduledDelay: 30
scheduledThreadMax: 10
repositorySupport: db
started: true
hmilyDbConfig:
driverClassName: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/bank1?useUnicode=true&useJDBCCompliantTimezoneShift=true&useLegacyDatetimeCode=false&serverTimezone=UTC
username: root
password: 123
添加掃描:
@EnableEurekaClient
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableFeignClients //使用@feign
//@EnableHystrix //使用hystrix
@ComponentScan({
"com.study1","org.dromara.hmily"})
@MapperScan("com.study1.mapper")
public class ServceBank1Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ServceBank1Application.class, args);
}
}
第二個服務同上
這邊數據庫采用bank1,bank2
bank1實現用戶扣款功能：
//--------------Hmily------------------
//只要標記@Hmily就是try方法，在注解中指定confirm、cancel兩個方法的名字
@Override
@Transactional
@Hmily(confirmMethod = "commit", cancelMethod = "rollback")
public boolean reduceHmilyAmount(int amount) {
//預處理->扣款 張三扣款成功
if (bankMapper.reduceAmount(amount) > 0) {
System.out.println("開始調用遠程服務");
//李四添加金額
bankFeignService.addAmount(amount);
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
@Transactional
public void commit(int amount) {
System.out.println("成功處理事務");
}
@Transactional
public void rollback(int amount) {
System.out.println("失敗處理事務");
}
bank2實現用戶添加余額的功能:
//--------------Hmily------------------
//只要標記@Hmily就是try方法，在注解中指定confirm、cancel兩個方法的名字
@Override
@Transactional
@Hmily(confirmMethod = "commit", cancelMethod = "rollback")
public void addAmount(Integer amount) {
//預處理->扣款 張三扣款成功
bankMapper.addAmount(amount);
System.out.println("調用完成");
int y = 3 / 0;
System.out.println("執行其他業務");
}
@Transactional
public void commit(int amount) {
System.out.println("bank2成功處理事務");
}
@Transactional
public void rollback(int amount) {
System.out.println("---------------------失敗處理事務------------------------");
System.out.println("---------------------失敗處理事務------------------------");
System.out.println("---------------------失敗處理事務------------------------");
System.out.println("---------------------失敗處理事務------------------------");
}
feign服務調用:
//可以捕獲錯誤日志
@FeignClient(value = "bank2", fallback = BankFeignServiceImpl.class)
public interface BankFeignService {
@GetMapping("/bank2/addAmount")
@Hmily
public boolean addAmount(@RequestParam("amount") Integer amount);
}
采用的是feign進行微服務調用，測試調用bank2報錯，bank1執行回調方法：
開始調用遠程服務
feign.FeignException: status 500 reading BankFeignService#addAmount(Integer)
at feign.FeignException.errorStatus(FeignException.java:78)
at feign.codec.ErrorDecoder$Default.decode(ErrorDecoder.java:93)
at feign.SynchronousMethodHandler.executeAndDecode(SynchronousMethodHandler.java:149)
at feign.SynchronousMethodHandler.invoke(SynchronousMethodHandler.java:78)
at feign.ReflectiveFeign$FeignInvocationHandler.invoke(ReflectiveFeign.java:103)
at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy133.addAmount(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.springframework.aop.support.AopUtils.invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(AopUtils.java:343)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:198)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:163)
at org.springframework.aop.interceptor.ExposeInvocationInterceptor.invoke(ExposeInvocationInterceptor.java:93)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.MethodInvocationProceedingJoinPoint.proceed(MethodInvocationProceedingJoinPoint.java:88)
at org.dromara.hmily.core.service.handler.ConsumeHmilyTransactionHandler.handler(ConsumeHmilyTransactionHandler.java:35)
at org.dromara.hmily.core.service.impl.HmilyTransactionAspectServiceImpl.invoke(HmilyTransactionAspectServiceImpl.java:63)
at org.dromara.hmily.springcloud.interceptor.SpringCloudHmilyTransactionInterceptor.interceptor(SpringCloudHmilyTransactionInterceptor.java:78)
at org.dromara.hmily.core.interceptor.AbstractHmilyTransactionAspect.interceptTccMethod(AbstractHmilyTransactionAspect.java:61)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AbstractAspectJAdvice.invokeAdviceMethodWithGivenArgs(AbstractAspectJAdvice.java:644)
at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AbstractAspectJAdvice.invokeAdviceMethod(AbstractAspectJAdvice.java:633)
at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AspectJAroundAdvice.invoke(AspectJAroundAdvice.java:70)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:175)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:212)
at org.dromara.hmily.springcloud.feign.HmilyFeignHandler.invoke(HmilyFeignHandler.java:62)
at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy134.addAmount(Unknown Source)
at com.study1.service.impl.BankServiceImpl.reduceHmilyAmount(BankServiceImpl.java:52)
at com.study1.service.impl.BankServiceImpl$$FastClassBySpringCGLIB$$b1ddc6fd.invoke(<generated>)
at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invoke(MethodProxy.java:218)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$CglibMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(CglibAopProxy.java:749)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:163)
at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.invokeWithinTransaction(TransactionAspectSupport.java:294)
at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:98)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
at org.springframework.aop.interceptor.ExposeInvocationInterceptor.invoke(ExposeInvocationInterceptor.java:93)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.MethodInvocationProceedingJoinPoint.proceed(MethodInvocationProceedingJoinPoint.java:88)
at org.dromara.hmily.core.service.handler.StarterHmilyTransactionHandler.handler(StarterHmilyTransactionHandler.java:70)
at org.dromara.hmily.core.service.impl.HmilyTransactionAspectServiceImpl.invoke(HmilyTransactionAspectServiceImpl.java:63)
at org.dromara.hmily.springcloud.interceptor.SpringCloudHmilyTransactionInterceptor.interceptor(SpringCloudHmilyTransactionInterceptor.java:78)
at org.dromara.hmily.core.interceptor.AbstractHmilyTransactionAspect.interceptTccMethod(AbstractHmilyTransactionAspect.java:61)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AbstractAspectJAdvice.invokeAdviceMethodWithGivenArgs(AbstractAspectJAdvice.java:644)
at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AbstractAspectJAdvice.invokeAdviceMethod(AbstractAspectJAdvice.java:633)
at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AspectJAroundAdvice.invoke(AspectJAroundAdvice.java:70)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:175)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(CglibAopProxy.java:688)
at com.study1.service.impl.BankServiceImpl$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$e3476692.reduceHmilyAmount(<generated>)
at com.study1.controller.BankController.reduceAmount(BankController.java:19)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.doInvoke(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:189)
at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invokeForRequest(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:138)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.invokeAndHandle(ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.java:102)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:892)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.handleInternal(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:797)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.handle(AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.java:87)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:1038)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:942)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:1005)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doPost(FrameworkServlet.java:908)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:660)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:882)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:741)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:231)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:53)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at com.alibaba.druid.support.http.WebStatFilter.doFilter(WebStatFilter.java:123)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.springframework.boot.actuate.web.trace.servlet.HttpTraceFilter.doFilterInternal(HttpTraceFilter.java:90)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.springframework.web.filter.RequestContextFilter.doFilterInternal(RequestContextFilter.java:99)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.springframework.web.filter.FormContentFilter.doFilterInternal(FormContentFilter.java:92)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter.doFilterInternal(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.java:93)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.springframework.boot.actuate.metrics.web.servlet.WebMvcMetricsFilter.filterAndRecordMetrics(WebMvcMetricsFilter.java:117)
at org.springframework.boot.actuate.metrics.web.servlet.WebMvcMetricsFilter.doFilterInternal(WebMvcMetricsFilter.java:106)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:200)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:200)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:96)
at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:490)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:139)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:92)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:74)
at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:343)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:408)
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:66)
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:834)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1415)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
失敗處理事務
使用Hmily注意事項：
在使用Hmliy時候注意里面的try，confirm,cancel等方法都是異步線程調用，注意避免他們進行頻繁調用可以在數據庫中添加方法調用記錄，避免重復調用導致數據不一致的情況。同時當事務處理失敗未得到處理時，數據庫表中有一個hmily的日志記錄表，它會對日志中的記錄進行定時重復調用。
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