1 mockito介紹和入門

官方：https://github.com/mockito/mockito

入門：

5分鐘了解Mockito?http://liuzhijun.iteye.com/blog/1512780

Mockito：一個強大的用于?Java?開發的模擬測試框架?http://www.oschina.net/translate/mockito-a-great-mock-framework-for-java-development

2 spring中正常使用mockito

上demo代碼：

1 @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) 2 @ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:testApplicationContext.xml" }) 3 public class SpringMockitoTest { 4 ? 5 ????@Mock 6 ????private ApiService mockApiService; 7 ? 8 ????@Before 9 ????public void initMocks() { 10 ????????MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this); 11 ????????when(mockApiService.test()).thenReturn("ok"); 12 ????} 13 ? 14 ????@Test 15 ????public void should_success_when_testApiService() { 16 ????????String result = mockApiService.test(); 17 ????????Assert.assertEquals("ok", result); 18 ????} 19 } 20 ? 21 @Component 22 public class ApiService { 23 ? 24 ????@Autowired 25 ????private TestApiService testApiService; 26 ? 27 ????public String test() { 28 ????????String connect = testApiService.connect(); 29 ????????connect += "test";//test自己的業務 30 ????????return connect; 31 ????} 32 } 33 ? 34 @Component 35 public class TestApiService { 36 ????public String connect() { 37 ????????return "error"; 38 ????} 39 ? 40 ????public String? findFromDb() { 41 ????????return "db_data"; 42 ????} 43 }

正常使用spring和mockito中，我們把需要的mock的ApiService給mock掉，但是我們更想的是把TestApiService中的connect方法mock掉，這樣就可以測試我們自己的代碼，也就是ApiService中test方法自己的業務。

3 spring中mock任何容器內對象

上面的demo中，我們如何mock掉TestApiService中的test方法？

因為TestApiService是spring容器管理的bean，并且ApiService中使用到TestApiService，所以我們把ApiService中引用的TestApiService替換成我們的mock對象即可。

Spring框架有個反射工具ReflectionTestUtils，可以把一個對象中屬性設置為新值，我們可以使用：

ReflectionTestUtils.setField(apiService, "testApiService", spyTestApiService);

把我們mock的testApiService放到apiService中，這樣apiService調用就是我們mock的對象了；但是默認spring中apiService對象是代理對象，不能直接把值設置到屬性上，所以我們自己寫個小的工具類，在最后如下：

ReflectionTestUtils.setField(AopTargetUtils.getTarget(apiService), "testApiService", spyTestApiService);

完整demo：

1 @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) 2 @ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:testApplicationContext.xml" }) 3 public class SpringMockitoTest { 4 ? 5 ????@Autowired 6 ????private ApiService apiService; 7 ????@Mock 8 ????private TestApiService spyTestApiService; 9 ????@Autowired 10 ????private TestApiService testApiService; 11 ? 12 ????@Before 13 ????public void initMocks() throws Exception { 14 ????????MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this); 15 ????????ReflectionTestUtils.setField(AopTargetUtils.getTarget(apiService), "testApiService", spyTestApiService); 16 ????????when(spyTestApiService.connect()).thenReturn("ok"); 17 ????} 18 ? 19 ????@After 20 ????public void clearMocks() throws Exception { 21 ????????ReflectionTestUtils.setField(AopTargetUtils.getTarget(apiService), "testApiService", testApiService); 22 ????} 23 ? 24 ????@Test 25 ????public void should_success_when_testApiService() { 26 ????????String result = apiService.test(); 27 ????????Assert.assertEquals("oktest", result); 28 ????} 29 } 30 ? 31 @Component 32 public class ApiService { 33 ? 34 ????@Autowired 35 ????private TestApiService testApiService; 36 ? 37 ????public String test() { 38 ????????String connect = testApiService.connect(); 39 ????????connect += "test";//test自己的業務 40 ????????return connect; 41 ????} 42 } 43 ? 44 @Component 45 public class TestApiService { 46 ????public String connect() { 47 ????????return "error"; 48 ????} 49 ? 50 ????public String? findFromDb() { 51 ????????return "db_data"; 52 ????} 53 } 54 ? 55 public class AopTargetUtils { 56 ????/** 57 ?????* 獲取 目標對象 58 ?????* @param proxy 代理對象 59 ?????* @return? 60 ?????* @throws Exception 61 ?????*/ 62 ????public static Object getTarget(Object proxy) throws Exception {? 63 ????????if(!AopUtils.isAopProxy(proxy)) {? 64 ????????????return proxy;//不是代理對象? 65 ????????}? 66 ????????if(AopUtils.isJdkDynamicProxy(proxy)) {? 67 ????????????return getJdkDynamicProxyTargetObject(proxy);? 68 ????????} else { //cglib? 69 ????????????return getCglibProxyTargetObject(proxy);? 70 ????????}? 71 ????}? 72 ? 73 ????private static Object getCglibProxyTargetObject(Object proxy) throws Exception {? 74 ????????Field h = proxy.getClass().getDeclaredField("CGLIB$CALLBACK_0");? 75 ????????h.setAccessible(true);? 76 ????????Object dynamicAdvisedInterceptor = h.get(proxy);? 77 ????????Field advised = dynamicAdvisedInterceptor.getClass().getDeclaredField("advised");? 78 ????????advised.setAccessible(true);? 79 ????????Object target = ((AdvisedSupport)advised.get(dynamicAdvisedInterceptor)).getTargetSource().getTarget();? 80 ????????return target;? 81 ????}? 82 ? 83 ? 84 ????private static Object getJdkDynamicProxyTargetObject(Object proxy) throws Exception {? 85 ????????Field h = proxy.getClass().getSuperclass().getDeclaredField("h");? 86 ????????h.setAccessible(true);? 87 ????????AopProxy aopProxy = (AopProxy) h.get(proxy);? 88 ????????Field advised = aopProxy.getClass().getDeclaredField("advised");? 89 ????????advised.setAccessible(true);? 90 ????????Object target = ((AdvisedSupport)advised.get(aopProxy)).getTargetSource().getTarget();? 91 ????????return target;? 92 ????}? 93 }

最后就是注意測試之后要還原現場，把spring對象還原，尤其在跑maven test的時候，否則可能會影響其他人的測試。

轉載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/syxchina/p/4150879.html

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