基于Ameoba实现mysql读写分离
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基于Ameoba实现mysql读写分离
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一、Amoeba介紹
Amoeba：基于Java研發，配置文件xml文檔。對事務支持功能很差，不支持分布式讀，尤其不支持分布式事務。默認監聽在8066端口上。2.2.x開始支持單庫事務，沒有緩存功能，所有請求直接向后轉發。對內存占用少，而對CPU占用大。
二、架構簡介
Amoeba服：192.168.1.253 監聽端口8066改3306，作為后端mysql服務器代理，監控后端mysql服務器健康的端口9066。
主服：station20:192.168.1.20，前端代理往主服寫操作會自動復制到從服。
從服：station21:192.168.1.21
如果是多從，在前端代理里設置一個負載均衡從服組(虛擬服務器)，組內按調度算法調度，三種算法：輪詢rr,加權輪詢wrr,高可用ha.
地址：http://sourceforge.net/projects/amoeba/files/Amoeba%20for%20mysql/
三、操作步驟
主服新建遠程用戶，從服自動復制次條目 mysql>grant?all?on?*.*?to?'root'@'%'?identified?by?'amoebapass'; mysql>flush?privileges; ------------------------------------------------------------------ 從服 mysql>show?grants?for?root@'%'; |?Grantsfor?root@%??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? |?GRANTALL?PRIVILEGES?ON?*.*?TO?'root'@'%'?IDENTIFIED?BY?PASSWORD'*84BB5DF4823DA319BBF86C99624479A198E6EEE9'?|?
Amoba服
1.安裝Amoeba [root@station253~]#?cp?/mnt/hgfs/Share64/jdk/jdk-6u31-linux-x64-rpm.bin?/tmp [root@station253tmp]#?chmod?+x?jdk-6u31-linux-x64-rpm.bin [root@station253tmp]#?./jdk-6u31-linux-x64-rpm.bin [root@station253tmp]#?vim?/etc/profile.d/java.sh exportJAVA_HOME=/usr/java/latest exportPATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH [root@station253tmp]#?.?/etc/profile.d/java.sh [root@station253tmp]#?java?-version javaversion?"1.6.0_31" Java(TM)SE?Runtime?Environment?(build?1.6.0_31-b04) JavaHotSpot(TM)?64-Bit?Server?VM?(build?20.6-b01,?mixed?mode)??混合模式，支持編譯[root@station253tmp]#?cp?/mnt/hgfs/Share64/amoeba/amoeba-mysql-binary-2.2.0.tar.gz?. ameoba不會自行創建目錄，手工創建 [root@station253tmp]#?mkdir?-pv?/usr/local/amoeba-2.2.0??#保留版本信息便于后期識別 [root@station253tmp]#?tar?-zxvf?amoeba-mysql-binary-2.2.0.tar.gz?-C?/usr/local/amoeba-2.2.0 [root@station253tmp]#?cd?/usr/local/ [root@station253local]#??ln?-sv?amoeba-2.2.0/?amoeba "amoeba"->?"amoeba-2.2.0/"2.添加環境變量 [root@station253local]#?vim?/etc/profile.d/amoeba.sh exportAMOEBA_HOME=/usr/local/amoeba exportPATH=$AMOEBA_HOME/bin:$PATH [root@station253local]#?.?/etc/profile.d/amoeba.sh [root@station253conf]#?amoeba amoeba?start|stop3.配置amoeba服務 [root@station253local]#?cd?amoeba [root@station253amoeba]#?cp?-r?conf/?backup [root@station253amoeba]#?ls backup??benchmark?bin??changelogs.txt??conf?lib??LICENSE.txt??README.html [root@station253amoeba]#?cd?conf 定義數據庫讀寫分離及節點管理信息 [root@station253conf]#?vim?amoeba.xml <?xml?version="1.0"encoding="gbk"?> <!DOCTYPE?amoeba:configuration?SYSTEM"amoeba.dtd"> <amoeba:configurationxmlns:amoeba="http://amoeba.meidusa.com/"> <proxy>?????????????#定義代理 <!--?service?class?must?implementscom.meidusa.amoeba.service.Service?--> <service?name="Amoeba?for?Mysql"class="com.meidusa.amoeba.net.ServerableConnectionManager">???????#定義服務，由類實現 <!--?port?-->?????#定義連接池 <!--?<propertyname="port">8066</property>?-->??加外括號注釋 <property?name="port">3306</property>??????#定義監聽端口，將默認改動為3306<!--?bindipAddress?-->???#定義代理服務器對外連接的監聽IP<!-- <propertyname="ipAddress">127.0.0.1</property>--><propertyname="ipAddress">0.0.0.0</property>??#定義監聽IP地址，這里定義為監聽所有IP <propertyname="manager">${clientConnectioneManager}</property><propertyname="connectionFactory">??#連接池 <beanclass="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.net.MysqlClientConnectionFactory"> <propertyname="sendBufferSize">128</property>??????????#定義發送緩沖大小（可根據主機內存可調整）<propertyname="receiveBufferSize">64</property>????????#定義接受緩沖的大小（可根據主機內存可調整）</bean></property><propertyname="authenticator">???????????#認證器<beanclass="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.server.MysqlClientAuthenticator"><propertyname="user">root</property>??????#客戶端連接后端時的用戶名 <property?name="password">amoebapass</property>??????#客戶端連接后端時的密碼<propertyname="filter"> <beanclass="com.meidusa.amoeba.server.IPAccessController"> <propertyname="ipFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/access_list.conf</property>?????#只允許哪些客戶端訪問，基于文件實現訪問控制 </bean> </property></bean></property></service> <!--?server?class?must?implementscom.meidusa.amoeba.service.Service?--><servicename="Amoeba?Monitor?Server"class="com.meidusa.amoeba.monitor.MonitorServer">??#amoeba的監控服務器，監測每一個后端的工作狀態 <!--?port?--> <property?name="port">3306</property>???#監控服務器監聽的端口，默認注釋表示使用隨機端口 <!--?bind?ipAddress?--> <propertyname="ipAddress">127.0.0.1</property>??#定義監控服務器監聽的地址 <propertyname="daemon">true</property> <propertyname="manager">${clientConnectioneManager}</property><propertyname="connectionFactory"> <beanclass="com.meidusa.amoeba.monitor.net.MonitorClientConnectionFactory"></bean> </property></service> <runtimeclass="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.context.MysqlRuntimeContext"> <!--?proxy?server?net?IO?Read?thread?size?--><propertyname="readThreadPoolSize">20</property><!--?proxyserver?client?process?thread?size?--> <property?name="clientSideThreadPoolSize">30</property><!--?mysqlserver?data?packet?process?thread?size?--> <propertyname="serverSideThreadPoolSize">30</property><!--?perconnection?cache?prepared?statement?size?--> <propertyname="statementCacheSize">500</property><!--?querytimeout(?default:?60?second?,?TimeUnit:second)?--> <propertyname="queryTimeout">60</property></runtime> </proxy> <!--EachConnectionManager?will?start?as?threadmanagerresponsible?for?the?Connection?IO?read?,?Death?Detection --> <connectionManagerList>???#定義連接池的列表 <connectionManagername="clientConnectioneManager"class="com.meidusa.amoeba.net.MultiConnectionManagerWrapper"> <propertyname="subManagerClassName">com.meidusa.amoeba.net.ConnectionManager</property> <!-- default?value?is?avaliable?Processors<propertyname="processors">5</property>--></connectionManager> <connectionManager?name="defaultManager"class="com.meidusa.amoeba.net.MultiConnectionManagerWrapper"><propertyname="subManagerClassName">com.meidusa.amoeba.net.AuthingableConnectionManager</property><!--default?valueis?avaliable?Processors <propertyname="processors">5</property>--></connectionManager></connectionManagerList>?????#連接池的列表<!--?defaultusing?file?loader?--> <dbServerLoaderclass="com.meidusa.amoeba.context.DBServerConfigFileLoader"><propertyname="configFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/dbServers.xml</property></dbServerLoader><queryRouterclass="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.parser.MysqlQueryRouter">????#定義查詢路由 <property?name="ruleLoader"><beanclass="com.meidusa.amoeba.route.TableRuleFileLoader"><propertyname="ruleFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/rule.xml</property><propertyname="functionFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/ruleFunctionMap.xml</property> </bean> </property> <propertyname="sqlFunctionFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/functionMap.xml</property> <propertyname="LRUMapSize">1500</property>????????????????????????????<propertyname="defaultPool">station20</property>???????????????????#定義讀寫服務器，這里默認定義到主服務器上 <propertyname="writePool">station20</property>?????????????????????#定義寫服務器，若有多個用逗號隔開，這些服務器名來自于dbservers.xml <propertyname="readPool">station21</property>??????????????????????#定義讀服務器<propertyname="needParse">true</property> </queryRouter> </amoeba:configuration> ###############定義連接后端Mysql服務器信息############ [root@node?conf]#?vim?dbServers.xml <?xml?version="1.0"encoding="gbk"?> <!DOCTYPE?amoeba:dbServers?SYSTEM"dbserver.dtd"> <amoeba:dbServersxmlns:amoeba="http://amoeba.meidusa.com/"><!--Each?dbServerneeds?to?be?configured?into?a?Pool, If?you?need?to?configure?multiple?dbServer?with?loadbalancing?that?can?be?simplified?by?the?following?configuration:add?attributewith?name?virtual?=?"true"?in?dbServer,?but?the?configuration?doesnot?allow?the?element?with?name?factoryConfigsuch?as'multiPool'?dbServer--><dbServername="abstractServer"?abstractive="true">?????????????????#定義服務器，名字叫抽象服務器，支持抽象功能：公共屬性的定義 <factoryConfigclass="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.net.MysqlServerConnectionFactory"> <propertyname="manager">${defaultManager}</property><propertyname="sendBufferSize">64</property>?????????????????#定義發送緩沖大小 <propertyname="receiveBufferSize">128</property>?????????????#接受緩沖的大小 <!--?mysql?port?--><propertyname="port">3306</property>?????????????????????????#監聽的端口<!--?mysqlschema?--> <property?name="schema">test</property>???????????????????????#默認連接的數據庫服務器 <!--?mysql?user?--> <property?name="user">root</property>?????????????????????????#用戶名<!--??mysql?password???-->???????????????????????????????????-->上移與<!-?配對，取消下行注釋<propertyname="password">amoebapass</property>?????????????????#后端服務器的密碼,授權用戶密碼</factoryConfig> <poolConfigclass="com.meidusa.amoeba.net.poolable.PoolableObjectPool"><propertyname="maxActive">500</property>??????????????????????#定義最大活動連接數<propertyname="maxIdle">500</property>????????????????????????#空閑連接數<propertyname="minIdle">10</property>?????????????????????????#最少空閑連接數<propertyname="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis">600000</property><propertyname="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis">600000</property><propertyname="testOnBorrow">true</property><propertyname="testOnReturn">true</property> <propertyname="testWhileIdle">true</property></poolConfig> </dbServer><dbServername="station20"??parent="abstractServer">???????????#定義服務器，其父服務器就是上面的"abstractServer"繼承其屬性，若不想請添加屬性實現定義<factoryConfig><!--?mysql?ip--><propertyname="ipAddress">192.168.1.20</property>???????????#server1的IP地址 </factoryConfig></dbServer> <dbServer?name="station21"??parent="abstractServer">??????????#server1的IP地址 <factoryConfig><!--?mysqlip?--><propertyname="ipAddress">192.168.18.21</property></factoryConfig> </dbServer> <dbServer?name="multiPool"virtual="true">??????????????????????????#定義虛擬服務器組 <poolConfigclass="com.meidusa.amoeba.server.MultipleServerPool"><!--?Loadbalancing?strategy:?1=ROUNDROBIN?,?2=WEIGHTBASED?,?3=HA-->??????#算法：1表示輪詢，2：基于權重做輪詢，3：高可用效果<propertyname="loadbalance">1</property>??????????#還可以實現負載均衡，算法為1<!--Separated?by?commas,such?as:?server1,server2,server1?--><propertyname="poolNames">station20,station21</property>?????????????#此處一定是定義的dbname</poolConfig></dbServer> </amoeba:dbServers>4.啟動Amoeba [root@station253conf]#?amoeba?start log4j:WARNlog4j?config?load?completed?from?file:/usr/local/amoeba/conf/log4j.xml 2014-05-2505:05:40,143?INFO?context.MysqlRuntimeContext?-?Amoeba?for?Mysql?currentversoin=5.1.45-mysql-amoeba-proxy-2.2.0??#檢測后端mysql服務器兼容版本 log4j:WARNip?access?config?load?completed?fromfile:/usr/local/amoeba/conf/access_list.conf 2014-05-2505:05:40,415?INFO??net.ServerableConnectionManager-?Amoeba?for?Mysql?listening?on?/0.0.0.0:3306.?#監聽地址及端口 2014-05-2505:05:40,427?INFO?net.ServerableConnectionManager?-?Amoeba?Monitor?Server?listening?on/127.0.0.1:23679.??#管理地址及端口（隨機） ##########停止amoeba########### Ctrl+C #########使用后端啟動########## [root@station253conf]#?amoeba?start?& #########后端啟動服務時停止#### [root@station253conf]#?amoeba?stop amoebaserver?shutting?down?with?port=11422 ###########查看監聽端口######## [root@station253conf]#?ss?-natlp?|?grep?3306 LISTEN?????0?????128??????:::3306?????????:::*?????users:(("java",2467,50))5.測試連接
[root@station253conf]#?mysql?-uroot?-pamoebapass?-h192.168.1.253 YourMySQL?connection?id?is?432598870??前端連接的是代理服務器amoeba Serverversion:?5.1.45-mysql-amoeba-proxy-2.2.0?MySQLCommunity?Server?(GPL) mysql>select?version();??顯示后端數據庫版本 +------------+ |version()??| +------------+ |5.6.13-log?| +------------+ 測試讀寫分離是否到各自服務器 前端?讀庫 mysql>select?user,host?from?mysql.user;???在讀寫分離后，select必須用庫名+表名，因為默認路由是到test庫 +------+-----------------------+ |?user?|host??????????????????| +------+-----------------------+ |?root?|%?????????????????????| |?root?|127.0.0.1?????????????| |?root?|::1???????????????????| |??????|?localhost?????????????| |?root?|localhost?????????????| |??????|?station21.example.com?| |?root?|station21.example.com?| +------+-----------------------+ 后端2服務器提前啟用tcpdump抓包 [root@station21~]#?tcpdump?-i?eth0?-A?-nn?-s0?tcp?dst?port?3306?and?ip?dst?host?192.168.1.21 tcpdump:verbose?output?suppressed,?use?-v?or?-vv?for?full?protocol?decode listeningon?eth0,?link-type?EN10MB?(Ethernet),?capture?size?65535?bytes 07:20:03.771162IP?192.168.1.253.39815?>?192.168.1.21.3306:?Flags?[P.],?select?user,host?from?mysql.user 前端?寫庫 mysql>create?database?school;?? [root@station20~]#?tcpdump?-i?eth0?-A?-nn?-s0?tcp?dst?port?3306?and?ip?dst?host?192.168.1.20 tcpdump:verbose?output?suppressed,?use?-v?or?-vv?for?full?protocol?decode listeningon?eth0,?link-type?EN10MB?(Ethernet),?capture?size?65535?bytes 07:21:30.426165IP?192.168.1.253.33837?>?192.168.1.20.3306:?Flags?[P.],?create?database?school mysql>drop?database?school;??drop會先drop寫庫后select讀庫確認刪除 07:33:40.080159IP?192.168.1.253.33849?>?192.168.1.20.3306:?Flags?[P.],?drop?database?school 07:33:40.410321IP?192.168.1.253.39825?>?192.168.1.21.3306:?Flags?[P.],?SELECT?DATABASE()轉載于:https://blog.51cto.com/manfred12/1416953
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