#-*- encoding: utf-8 -*-

importnumpy as npimportpandas as pdimportmatplotlib.pyplot as pltfrom pandas importSeries,DataFrameimportreimportjson#加載下面30M+的數據

db = json.load(open('E:\\foods-2011-10-03.json'))#print len(db)#print type(db) #得到的db是個list,每個條目都是含有某種食物全部數據的字典#print db[0] #這一條非常長#print db[0].keys()#nutrients 是keys中的一個key，它對應的值是有關食物營養成分的一個字典列表，很長……#print db[0]['nutrients'][0]#下面將營養成分做成DataFrame

nutrients = DataFrame(db[0]['nutrients']) #將字典列表直接做成DataFrame#print nutrients.head()#print type(db[0]['nutrients'])

info_keys = ['description','group','id','manufacturer']

info= DataFrame(db,columns =info_keys)#print info#查看分類分布情況#print pd.value_counts(info.group)#現在，為了將所有的營養數據進行分析，需要將所有營養成分整合到一個大表中，下面分幾個步驟來完成

nutrients =[]for rec indb:

fnuts= DataFrame(rec['nutrients'])

fnuts['id'] = rec['id'] #廣播

nutrients.append(fnuts)

nutrients= pd.concat(nutrients,ignore_index = True) #將列表連接起來，相當于rbind，把行對其連接在一起

#去重,這是數據處理的重要步驟

printnutrients.duplicated().sum()

nutrients=nutrients.drop_duplicates()#由于nutrients與info有重復的名字，所以需要重命名一下info#注意下面這樣的命名方式

col_mapping = {'description':'food','group':'fgroup'}#rename函數返回的是副本，需要copy = False

info = info.rename(columns = col_mapping,copy =False)#print info.columns #查看一下列名

col_mapping = {'description':'nutrient','group':'nutgroup'}

nutrients= nutrients.rename(columns = col_mapping,copy =False)#print nutrients.columns#做完上面這些，顯然我們需要將兩個DataFrame合并起來

print nutrients.ix[:10,:]#print info.id

ndata = pd.merge(nutrients,info,on = 'id',how = 'outer')printndataprint ndata.ix[3000]#注意下面的處理方式很nice

result = ndata.groupby(['nutrient','fgroup'])['value'].quantile(0.5)printresult

result['Zinc, Zn'].order().plot(kind = 'barh')

plt.show()#只要稍微動動腦子（作者不止一次說過了……額），就可以發現各營養成分最為豐富的食物是什么了

by_nuttriend = ndata.groupby(['nutgroup','nutrient'])printby_nuttriend.head()#注意下面取出最大值的方式

get_maximum = lambdax:x.xs(x.value.idxmax())

get_minimum= lambdax:x.xs(x.value.idxmin())

max_foods= by_nuttriend.apply(get_maximum)[['value','food']]#讓food小一點

max_foods.food = max_foods.food.str[:50]printmax_foods.head()print max_foods.ix['Amino Acids']['food']

>>>

14179

nutrient nutgroup units value id

0 Protein Composition g 25.18 1008

1 Total lipid (fat) Composition g 29.20 1008

2 Carbohydrate, by difference Composition g 3.06 1008

3 Ash Other g 3.28 1008

4 Energy Energy kcal 376.00 1008

5 Water Composition g 39.28 1008

6 Energy Energy kJ 1573.00 1008

7 Fiber, total dietary Composition g 0.00 1008

8 Calcium, Ca Elements mg 673.00 1008

9 Iron, Fe Elements mg 0.64 1008

10 Magnesium, Mg Elements mg 22.00 1008

Int64Index: 375176 entries, 0 to 375175

Data columns:

nutrient 375176 non-null values

nutgroup 375176 non-null values

units 375176 non-null values

value 375176 non-null values

id 375176 non-null values

food 375176 non-null values

fgroup 375176 non-null values

manufacturer 293054 non-null values

dtypes: float64(1), int64(1), object(6)

nutrient Glycine

nutgroup Amino Acids

units g

value 0.073

id 1077

food Spearmint, fresh

fgroup Spices and Herbs

manufacturer

Name: 3000

nutrient fgroup

Adjusted Protein Sweets 12.900

Vegetables and Vegetable Products 2.180

Alanine Baby Foods 0.085

Baked Products 0.248

Beef Products 1.550

Beverages 0.003

Breakfast Cereals 0.311

Cereal Grains and Pasta 0.373

Dairy and Egg Products 0.271

Ethnic Foods 1.290

Fast Foods 0.514

Fats and Oils 0.000

Finfish and Shellfish Products 1.218

Fruits and Fruit Juices 0.027

Lamb, Veal, and Game Products 1.408

...

Zinc, Zn Finfish and Shellfish Products 0.67

Fruits and Fruit Juices 0.10

Lamb, Veal, and Game Products 3.94

Legumes and Legume Products 1.14

Meals, Entrees, and Sidedishes 0.63

Nut and Seed Products 3.29

Pork Products 2.32

Poultry Products 2.50

Restaurant Foods 0.80

Sausages and Luncheon Meats 2.13

Snacks 1.47

Soups, Sauces, and Gravies 0.20

Spices and Herbs 2.75

Sweets 0.36

Vegetables and Vegetable Products 0.33

Length: 2246

MultiIndex: 467 entries, (u'Amino Acids', u'Alanine', 48) to (u'Vitamins', u'Vitamin K (phylloquinone)', 395)

Data columns:

nutrient 467 non-null values

nutgroup 467 non-null values

units 467 non-null values

value 467 non-null values

id 467 non-null values

food 467 non-null values

fgroup 467 non-null values

manufacturer 444 non-null values

dtypes: float64(1), int64(1), object(6)

value food

nutgroup nutrient

Amino Acids Alanine 8.009 Gelatins, dry powder, unsweetened

Arginine 7.436 Seeds, sesame flour, low-fat

Aspartic acid 10.203 Soy protein isolate

Cystine 1.307 Seeds, cottonseed flour, low fat (glandless)

Glutamic acid 17.452 Soy protein isolate

nutrient

Alanine Gelatins, dry powder, unsweetened

Arginine Seeds, sesame flour, low-fat

Aspartic acid Soy protein isolate

Cystine Seeds, cottonseed flour, low fat (glandless)

Glutamic acid Soy protein isolate

Glycine Gelatins, dry powder, unsweetened

Histidine Whale, beluga, meat, dried (Alaska Native)

Hydroxyproline KENTUCKY FRIED CHICKEN, Fried Chicken, ORIGINA...

Isoleucine Soy protein isolate, PROTEIN TECHNOLOGIES INTE...

Leucine Soy protein isolate, PROTEIN TECHNOLOGIES INTE...

Lysine Seal, bearded (Oogruk), meat, dried (Alaska Na...

Methionine Fish, cod, Atlantic, dried and salted

Phenylalanine Soy protein isolate, PROTEIN TECHNOLOGIES INTE...

Proline Gelatins, dry powder, unsweetened

Serine Soy protein isolate, PROTEIN TECHNOLOGIES INTE...

Threonine Soy protein isolate, PROTEIN TECHNOLOGIES INTE...

Tryptophan Sea lion, Steller, meat with fat (Alaska Native)

Tyrosine Soy protein isolate, PROTEIN TECHNOLOGIES INTE...

Valine Soy protein isolate, PROTEIN TECHNOLOGIES INTE...

Name: food

[Finished in 14.1s]

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