mysql router docker_Docker 安装 Mysql 详解
本文將以完整的安裝 MySQL 為例將 鏡像與 容器 操作完全串聯起來
環境說明
系統為 CentOS 7.5 發行版，內核為 3.10 版本，Docker 為 1.13 版本
[root@localhost ~]# lsb_release -a
LSB Version: :core-4.1-amd64:core-4.1-noarch
Distributor ID: CentOS
Description: CentOS Linux release 7.5.1804 (Core)
Release: 7.5.1804
Codename: Core
[root@localhost ~]# uname -a
Linux localhost.localdomain 3.10.0-862.9.1.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Mon Jul 16 16:29:36 UTC 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@localhost ~]# docker version
Client:
Version: 1.13.1
API version: 1.26
Package version: docker-1.13.1-68.gitdded712.el7.centos.x86_64
Go version: go1.9.4
Git commit: dded712/1.13.1
Built: Tue Jul 17 18:34:48 2018
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
Server:
Version: 1.13.1
API version: 1.26 (minimum version 1.12)
Package version: docker-1.13.1-68.gitdded712.el7.centos.x86_64
Go version: go1.9.4
Git commit: dded712/1.13.1
Built: Tue Jul 17 18:34:48 2018
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
Experimental: false
[root@localhost ~]#
此時 docker 中還只要一個 docker.io/tomcat 鏡像，需要重新下載 Mysql 鏡像
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
docker.io/tomcat 8.5.32 5808f01b11bf 3 days ago 463 MB
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
0f6df57a7fa1 tomcat:8.5.32 "catalina.sh run" 44 hours ago Exited (143) 43 hours ago myTtomcat2
d67cca0aacf7 tomcat:8.5.32 "catalina.sh run" 44 hours ago Exited (143) 43 hours ago myTtomcat1
[root@localhost ~]#
Mysql 鏡像檢索
就下載第一個 docker.io/mysql 官方發行版
[root@localhost ~]# docker search mysql
INDEX NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
docker.io docker.io/mysql MySQL is a widely used, open-source relati... 6749 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/mariadb MariaDB is a community-developed fork of M... 2150 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/mysql/mysql-server Optimized MySQL Server Docker images. Crea... 495 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/percona Percona Server is a fork of the MySQL rela... 360 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/zabbix/zabbix-server-mysql Zabbix Server with MySQL database support 114 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/hypriot/rpi-mysql RPi-compatible Docker Image with Mysql 93
docker.io docker.io/zabbix/zabbix-web-nginx-mysql Zabbix frontend based on Nginx web-server ... 62 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/centurylink/mysql Image containing mysql. Optimized to be li... 60 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/1and1internet/ubuntu-16-nginx-php-phpmyadmin-mysql-5 ubuntu-16-nginx-php-phpmyadmin-mysql-5 43 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/centos/mysql-57-centos7 MySQL 5.7 SQL database server 38
docker.io docker.io/mysql/mysql-cluster Experimental MySQL Cluster Docker images. ... 33
docker.io docker.io/tutum/mysql Base docker image to run a MySQL database ... 32
docker.io docker.io/schickling/mysql-backup-s3 Backup MySQL to S3 (supports periodic back... 20 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/bitnami/mysql Bitnami MySQL Docker Image 16 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/zabbix/zabbix-proxy-mysql Zabbix proxy with MySQL database support 15 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/linuxserver/mysql A Mysql container, brought to you by Linux... 14
docker.io docker.io/centos/mysql-56-centos7 MySQL 5.6 SQL database server 9
docker.io docker.io/circleci/mysql MySQL is a widely used, open-source relati... 6
docker.io docker.io/openshift/mysql-55-centos7 DEPRECATED: A Centos7 based MySQL v5.5 ima... 6
docker.io docker.io/dsteinkopf/backup-all-mysql backup all DBs in a mysql server 4 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/mysql/mysql-router MySQL Router provides transparent routing ... 2
docker.io docker.io/openzipkin/zipkin-mysql Mirror of https://quay.io/repository/openz... 1
docker.io docker.io/ansibleplaybookbundle/mysql-apb An APB which deploys RHSCL MySQL 0 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/cloudfoundry/cf-mysql-ci Image used in CI of cf-mysql-release 0
docker.io docker.io/cloudposse/mysql Improved `mysql` service with support for ... 0 [OK]
[root@localhost ~]#
可以從 Docker Hub 上查看 所有 Mysql 的版本 ，同理也可以查詢各個版本使用的詳細命令
image
Mysql 鏡像下載
[root@localhost ~]# docker pull mysql:5.5
Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/mysql ...
5.5: Pulling from docker.io/library/mysql
be8881be8156: Pull complete
c3995dabd1d7: Pull complete
9931fdda3586: Pull complete
bb1b6b6eff6a: Pull complete
a65f125fa718: Pull complete
b5332dacc087: Pull complete
77378af32110: Pull complete
c863c888ab89: Pull complete
970e89bcad84: Pull complete
199374dd7b11: Pull complete
daf925b4c8c8: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:973d09f802e90069f4090578bbfb5f1cc095d5c14bdd0bb2651d5e448751f907
Status: Downloaded newer image for docker.io/mysql:5.5
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
docker.io/tomcat 8.5.32 5808f01b11bf 3 days ago 463 MB
docker.io/mysql 5.5 c43b4117afc4 2 weeks ago 205 MB
[root@localhost ~]#
Mysql 容器運行
錯誤運行
如下所示演示的是 Mysql 鏡像運行時沒有指定 密碼而導致異常退出啟動失敗的情況
通過 docker logs container-name/container-id 命令 查看日志已經提醒的很明顯了，必須指定 root 密碼、或者允許密碼為空、或者使用隨機密碼
最后將此錯誤的容器刪除掉：docker rm container-id
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
docker.io/tomcat 8.5.32 5808f01b11bf 3 days ago 463 MB
docker.io/mysql 5.5 c43b4117afc4 2 weeks ago 205 MB
[root@localhost ~]# docker run --name mysql01 -d mysql:5.5
fb1c96d110c715034c263185e40f066dc688e2284c02c250243e25c017cf872b
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
fb1c96d110c7 mysql:5.5 "docker-entrypoint..." 9 seconds ago Exited (1) 6 seconds ago mysql01
0f6df57a7fa1 tomcat:8.5.32 "catalina.sh run" 44 hours ago Exited (143) 43 hours ago myTtomcat2
d67cca0aacf7 tomcat:8.5.32 "catalina.sh run" 44 hours ago Exited (143) 43 hours ago myTtomcat1
[root@localhost ~]# docker logs fb1c96d110c7
error: database is uninitialized and password option is not specified
You need to specify one of MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD, MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD and MYSQL_RANDOM_ROOT_PASSWORD
[root@localhost ~]# docker rm fb1c96d110c7
fb1c96d110c7
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
0f6df57a7fa1 tomcat:8.5.32 "catalina.sh run" 44 hours ago Exited (143) 43 hours ago myTtomcat2
d67cca0aacf7 tomcat:8.5.32 "catalina.sh run" 44 hours ago Exited (143) 43 hours ago myTtomcat1
[root@localhost ~]#
正確運行
Docker Hub 上 Mysq 官方 提供的啟動命令如下所示 ，需要使用 -e 參數指定 roor 賬戶密碼進行啟動
Start a mysql server instance
Starting a MySQL instance is simple:
$ docker run --name some-mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=my-secret-pw -d mysql:tag
... where some-mysql is the name you want to assign to your container, my-secret-pw is the password to be set for the MySQL root user and tag is the tag specifying the MySQL version you want. See the list above for relevant tags.
[root@localhost ~]# docker run --name mysql01 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root -d mysql:5.5
3a896a0867265c59d84d209a93d60f3d837b4667c649981eb3933e997a459c55
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
3a896a086726 mysql:5.5 "docker-entrypoint..." 3 seconds ago Up 2 seconds 3306/tcp mysql01
0f6df57a7fa1 tomcat:8.5.32 "catalina.sh run" 44 hours ago Exited (143) 43 hours ago myTtomcat2
d67cca0aacf7 tomcat:8.5.32 "catalina.sh run" 44 hours ago Exited (143) 43 hours ago myTtomcat1
[root@localhost ~]#
如上所示，此時 mysql 容器運行是成功的，但是《 Docker 容器操作 常用命令》中已經說過，此時啟動的 3306 端口是 Mysql 鏡像在容器內部的端口，外部訪問必須進行端口映射，再次刪除此無效的容器。
[root@localhost ~]# docker stop 3a896a086726
3a896a086726
[root@localhost ~]# docker rm 3a896a086726
3a896a086726
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
0f6df57a7fa1 tomcat:8.5.32 "catalina.sh run" 44 hours ago Exited (143) 43 hours ago myTtomcat2
d67cca0aacf7 tomcat:8.5.32 "catalina.sh run" 44 hours ago Exited (143) 43 hours ago myTtomcat1
[root@localhost ~]#
端口映射
端口映射加上 -p 參數即可，可以參考《 Docker 容器操作 常用命令》，因為 CentOS 服務器本身外部已經安裝了 Mysql 已經占用了 3306 端口，所以使用 3307 映射 Docker 容器中的 3306 端口
[root@localhost ~]# docker run --name mysql01 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root -p 3307:3306 -d mysql:5.5
2aad1d2a8e76261715ac0f1d4ef03217ae54866db479d26b81364a39e2ec3801
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -ntlpu
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1041/sshd
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1188/master
tcp6 0 0 :::33060 :::* LISTEN 1308/mysqld
tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 1308/mysqld
tcp6 0 0 :::3307 :::* LISTEN 2892/docker-proxy-c
tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1041/sshd
tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 1188/master
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:68 0.0.0.0:* 857/dhclient
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
2aad1d2a8e76 mysql:5.5 "docker-entrypoint..." 14 seconds ago Up 14 seconds 0.0.0.0:3307->3306/tcp mysql01
0f6df57a7fa1 tomcat:8.5.32 "catalina.sh run" 44 hours ago Exited (143) 44 hours ago myTtomcat2
d67cca0aacf7 tomcat:8.5.32 "catalina.sh run" 44 hours ago Exited (143) 43 hours ago myTtomcat1
[root@localhost ~]#
如上所示做了端口映射后，就可以從外部訪問 Docker 容器內部的 Mysql 了，但是如果要從 CentOS 服務器外部訪問，則還需要 CentOS 服務器開放 3307 端口
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-port
9876/tcp 8090/tcp 80/tcp 8080/tcp
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3307/tcp --permanent
success
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --reload
success
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-port
9876/tcp 8090/tcp 80/tcp 8080/tcp 3307/tcp
[root@localhost ~]#
連接測試
如下所示，從 Windows 上使用 Navicat 連接虛擬機 CentOS 中 Docker 中的 Mysql
image
image
高級命令
指定編碼運行
例如，如果要更改所有表的默認編碼和排序，使用UTF-8(UTF8Mb4)，只需使用如下命令運行
更多命令，請參考官方文檔：https://hub.docker.com/r/library/mysql/
docker run --name some-mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=my-secret-pw -d mysql:tag --character-set-server=utf8mb4 --collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
總結
以上是生活随笔為你收集整理的mysql router docker_Docker 安装 Mysql 详解的全部內容，希望文章能夠幫你解決所遇到的問題。
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