文章目錄

• 表
• 視圖
• 存儲過程
• 觸發器

表

用戶表

用戶表的創建：

CREATE TABLE user_info( id CHAR(18) NOT NULL, username VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL, telephone CHAR(11) NOT NULL, upassword VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY(id), CONSTRAINT CU1 CHECK(telephone LIKE '1%') )ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;

插入數據：

INSERT INTO `user_info` VALUES ('110108200001011111','趙倩','18310710700','password'), ('110108200002022222','張三','18310710711','123456'), ('110108200003033333','李四','18310710722','654321');

車次表

車次表的創建：

CREATE TABLE train( trainnum CHAR(5) NOT NULL, origin VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL, destination VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL, stime CHAR(5), prize00 INT, prize01 INT, prize02 INT, PRIMARY KEY(trainnum), CONSTRAINT CU2 CHECK(stime LIKE '__:__') );

插入數據：

INSERT INTO `train` VALUES ('G1101','北京','天津','09:00',89,59,39), ('G1323','北京','天津','13:30',89,59,39), ('G1434','北京','天津','17:05',89,59,39), ('G2141','天津','北京','09:40',89,59,39), ('G2363','天津','北京','18:00',89,59,39), ('C3444','北京','上海','10:50',319,289,259), ('C3555','北京','上海','16:30',319,289,259), ('C3666','北京','上海','19:50',319,289,259), ('C4566','上海','北京','11:05',319,289,259), ('C4788','上海','北京','18:05',319,289,259), ('C5077','上海','天津','15:25',319,289,259), ('C6098','天津','上海','16:30',319,289,259);

余票表

余票表的創建：

CREATE TABLE `left_tickets`( `sdate` DATE, `trainnum` CHAR(5), `leftnum00` INT, `leftnum01` INT, `leftnum02` INT, PRIMARY KEY(`sdate`,`trainnum`), FOREIGN KEY(`trainnum`) REFERENCES train(`trainnum`), CONSTRAINT CU3 CHECK(`leftnum00`>=0 AND `leftnum01`>=0 AND `leftnum02`>=0) );

插入數據：

INSERT INTO `left_tickets` VALUES ('2021-12-31','G1101',12,20,36), ('2021-12-31','G1323',12,20,36), ('2021-12-31','G1434',12,20,36), ('2021-12-31','G2141',12,20,36), ('2021-12-31','G2363',12,20,36), ('2021-12-31','C3444',12,20,34), ('2021-12-31','C3555',12,20,36), ('2021-12-31','C3666',12,20,36), ('2021-12-31','C4566',12,20,36), ('2021-12-31','C4788',12,20,36), ('2021-12-31','C5077',12,20,36), ('2021-12-31','C6098',12,20,36), ('2022-01-01','G1101',12,19,36), ('2022-01-01','G1323',12,20,36), ('2022-01-01','G1434',12,20,36), ('2022-01-01','G2141',12,20,36), ('2022-01-01','G2363',12,20,36), ('2022-01-01','C3444',12,20,36), ('2022-01-01','C3555',12,20,36), ('2022-01-01','C3666',12,20,36), ('2022-01-01','C4566',12,20,36), ('2022-01-01','C4788',12,20,36), ('2022-01-01','C5077',12,20,36), ('2022-01-01','C6098',12,20,36), ('2022-01-02','G1101',12,20,36), ('2022-01-02','G1323',12,20,36), ('2022-01-02','G1434',12,20,36), ('2022-01-02','G2141',11,20,36), ('2022-01-02','G2363',12,20,36), ('2022-01-02','C3444',12,20,36), ('2022-01-02','C3555',12,20,36), ('2022-01-02','C3666',12,20,36), ('2022-01-02','C4566',12,20,36), ('2022-01-02','C4788',12,20,36), ('2022-01-02','C5077',12,20,36), ('2022-01-02','C6098',12,20,36), ('2022-01-03','G1101',12,20,36), ('2022-01-03','G1323',12,20,36), ('2022-01-03','G1434',12,20,36), ('2022-01-03','G2141',12,20,36), ('2022-01-03','G2363',12,20,36), ('2022-01-03','C3444',12,20,36), ('2022-01-03','C3555',12,20,36), ('2022-01-03','C3666',12,20,36), ('2022-01-03','C4566',12,20,36), ('2022-01-03','C4788',12,20,34), ('2022-01-03','C5077',12,20,36), ('2022-01-03','C6098',12,20,36);

已售車票表

已售車票表的創建

CREATE TABLE `sold_tickets`( `sdate` DATE, `trainnum` CHAR(5), `seat` VARCHAR(20), `userid` CHAR(18) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY(`sdate`,`trainnum`,`seat`), FOREIGN KEY(`sdate`,`trainnum`) REFERENCES `left_tickets`(`sdate`,`trainnum`), FOREIGN KEY(`userid`) REFERENCES `user_info`(`id`) );

插入數據：

INSERT INTO `sold_tickets` VALUES ('2021-12-31','C3444','02-1A','110108200001011111'), ('2022-01-03','C4788','02-4D','110108200001011111'), ('2022-01-01','G1101','01-5C','110108200002022222'), ('2022-01-02','G2141','00-2B','110108200002022222'), ('2021-12-31','C3444','02-8C','110108200003033333'), ('2022-01-03','C4788','02-9A','110108200003033333');

視圖

前面3個視圖是幾種常見的分類，后面2個視圖是系統中所需要的。

出發城市

#行列子視圖 CREATE VIEW 出發城市 AS SELECT DISTINCT origin FROM train;

學生車票

#帶表達式視圖 CREATE VIEW 學生車票(出發城市,到達城市,二等座價格) AS SELECT origin,destination,`prize02`*0.5 FROM train;

乘車量

#分組視圖 CREATE VIEW 乘車量(日期,車次號,乘客數) AS SELECT sdate,trainnum,COUNT(*) FROM sold_tickets GROUP BY sdate,trainnum;

車票余量及用戶完整信息

#完整系統需要的視圖 #車票余量完整信息視圖 CREATE VIEW train_info(start_date,origin,destination,trainnum,stime,num00,num01,num02) AS SELECT left_tickets.`sdate`,train.`origin`,train.`destination`,left_tickets.`trainnum`, train.`stime`,left_tickets.`leftnum00`,left_tickets.`leftnum01`,left_tickets.`leftnum02` FROM train,left_tickets WHERE train.`trainnum`=left_tickets.`trainnum`;

已購車票及用戶完整信息

#用戶購買車票完整信息視圖 CREATE VIEW user_tickets_info(userid,origin,destination,sdate,stime,trainnum,seat) AS SELECT sold_tickets.`userid`,train.`origin`,train.`destination`,sold_tickets.`sdate`, train.`stime`,sold_tickets.`trainnum`,sold_tickets.`seat` FROM train,sold_tickets WHERE train.`trainnum`=sold_tickets.`trainnum`;

所有視圖的截圖在這個專欄的第一個文章里包含了，可以看到。這里也放出鏈接：
12306購票系統（一）項目介紹

存儲過程

登錄

DELIMITER $ CREATE PROCEDURE login(IN telenum CHAR(11),IN pwd VARCHAR(20)) BEGINDECLARE result INT DEFAULT 0;SELECT COUNT(*) INTO resultFROM `user_info`WHERE `user_info`.`telephone`=telenumAND `user_info`.`upassword`=pwd;SELECT result; END $

注冊

DELIMITER $ CREATE PROCEDURE sign_in(IN id CHAR(18),IN nm VARCHAR(10),IN telenum CHAR(11),IN pwd VARCHAR(20)) BEGININSERT INTO `user_info` VALUES(id,nm,telenum,pwd);SELECT ('注冊成功'); END $

取消訂票

DELIMITER $ CREATE PROCEDURE cancel_ticket(IN stdate DATE, IN trainnum CHAR(5),IN userid CHAR(18)) BEGINDELETE FROM `sold_tickets`WHERE `sold_tickets`.`sdate`=stdate AND`sold_tickets`.`trainnum`=trainnum AND`sold_tickets`.`userid`=userid; END $

更新購票信息

DELIMITER $ CREATE PROCEDURE buy_update(IN stdate DATE,IN trainnum CHAR(5),IN sw_newnum INT,IN yd_newnum INT,IN ed_newnum INT) BEGINUPDATE `left_tickets` SET `left_tickets`.`leftnum00`=sw_newnum,`left_tickets`.`leftnum01`=yd_newnum,`left_tickets`.`leftnum02`=ed_newnumWHERE `left_tickets`.`sdate`=stdate AND `left_tickets`.`trainnum`=trainnum; END $

以上存儲過程中，只有1. 登錄和2.注冊在購票系統中有應用。但是這四個觸發器把增刪改查都應用到了。

觸發器

購票
根據所購車票等級，余票量減一

DELIMITER $ CREATE TRIGGER buy_tickets BEFORE INSERT ON sold_tickets FOR EACH ROW BEGINIF new.`seat` LIKE '02%' THENUPDATE `left_tickets` SET `leftnum02` =`leftnum02`-1WHERE `sdate`=new.`sdate` AND `trainnum`=new.`trainnum`;ELSEIF new.`seat` LIKE '01%' THENUPDATE `left_tickets` SET `leftnum01` =`leftnum01`-1WHERE `sdate`=new.`sdate` AND `trainnum`=new.`trainnum`;ELSEUPDATE `left_tickets` SET `leftnum00` =`leftnum00`-1WHERE `sdate`=new.`sdate` AND `trainnum`=new.`trainnum`;END IF; END $

取消訂票
根據取消的車票等級，相應余票加一

DELIMITER $ CREATE TRIGGER cancel_t AFTER DELETE ON sold_tickets FOR EACH ROW BEGINIF old.`seat` LIKE '02%' THENUPDATE `left_tickets` SET `leftnum02` =`leftnum02`+1WHERE `sdate`=old.`sdate` AND `trainnum`=old.`trainnum`;ELSEIF old.`seat` LIKE '01%' THENUPDATE `left_tickets` SET `leftnum01` =`leftnum01`+1WHERE `sdate`=old.`sdate` AND `trainnum`=old.`trainnum`;ELSEUPDATE `left_tickets` SET `leftnum00` =`leftnum00`+1WHERE `sdate`=old.`sdate` AND `trainnum`=old.`trainnum`;END IF; END $

修改座位等級

DELIMITER $ CREATE TRIGGER update_seat AFTER UPDATE ON sold_tickets FOR EACH ROW BEGINIF new.`seat` LIKE '02%' THENUPDATE `left_tickets` SET `leftnum02` =`leftnum02`-1WHERE `sdate`=new.`sdate` AND `trainnum`=new.`trainnum`;ELSEIF new.`seat` LIKE '01%' THENUPDATE `left_tickets` SET `leftnum01` =`leftnum01`-1WHERE `sdate`=new.`sdate` AND `trainnum`=new.`trainnum`;ELSEUPDATE `left_tickets` SET `leftnum00` =`leftnum00`-1WHERE `sdate`=new.`sdate` AND `trainnum`=new.`trainnum`;END IF;IF old.`seat` LIKE '02%' THENUPDATE `left_tickets` SET `leftnum02` =`leftnum02`+1WHERE `sdate`=old.`sdate` AND `trainnum`=old.`trainnum`;ELSEIF old.`seat` LIKE '01%' THENUPDATE `left_tickets` SET `leftnum01` =`leftnum01`+1WHERE `sdate`=old.`sdate` AND `trainnum`=old.`trainnum`;ELSEUPDATE `left_tickets` SET `leftnum00` =`leftnum00`+1WHERE `sdate`=old.`sdate` AND `trainnum`=old.`trainnum`;END IF; END $

觸發器前兩個1. 購票和2.取消訂票在系統中有應用，但三個合起來將增刪改都實現了。

系列更新結束后會把源代碼和相關的文檔打包上傳成資源。
如果你覺得這篇文章對你有用的話，麻煩點贊，收藏，關注一下。
感謝您的閱讀，您的支持是對我最大的鼓勵~

總結

以上是生活随笔為你收集整理的【Java+JSP+MySql】12306购票系统（二）数据库的全部內容，希望文章能夠幫你解決所遇到的問題。

如果覺得生活随笔網站內容還不錯，歡迎將生活随笔推薦給好友。