配置文件

　　　兩個核心文件：ansible.cfg和hosts文件,默認都存放在/etc/ansible目錄下。

　　　ansible.cfg：主要設置一些ansible初始化的信息，比如日志存放路徑、模塊、插件等配置信息

　　　hosts：機器清單，進行分組管理

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　1.ansible.cfg

# config file for ansible -- http://ansible.com/ # ==============================================# nearly all parameters can be overridden in ansible-playbook # or with command line flags. ansible will read ANSIBLE_CONFIG, # ansible.cfg in the current working directory, .ansible.cfg in # the home directory or /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg, whichever it # finds first[defaults] --->通用默認配置# some basic default values...inventory = /etc/ansible/hosts 這個是默認庫文件位置,腳本,或者存放可通信主機的目錄 #library = /usr/share/my_modules/ Ansible默認搜尋模塊的位置 remote_tmp = $HOME/.ansible/tmp Ansible 通過遠程傳輸模塊到遠程主機,然后遠程執(zhí)行,執(zhí)行后在清理現(xiàn)場.在有些場景下,你也許想使用默認路徑希望像更換補丁一樣使用 pattern = * 如果沒有提供“hosts”節(jié)點,這是playbook要通信的默認主機組.默認值是對所有主機通信 forks = 5 在與主機通信時的默認并行進程數(shù) ，默認是5d poll_interval = 15 當具體的poll interval 沒有定義時,多少時間回查一下這些任務的狀態(tài), 默認值是5秒 sudo_user = root sudo使用的默認用戶 ，默認是root #ask_sudo_pass = True 用來控制Ansible playbook 在執(zhí)行sudo之前是否詢問sudo密碼.默認為no #ask_pass = True 控制Ansible playbook 是否會自動默認彈出密碼 transport = smart 通信機制.默認 值為’smart’。如果本地系統(tǒng)支持 ControlPersist技術的話,將會使用(基于OpenSSH)‘ssh’,如果不支持講使用‘paramiko’.其他傳輸選項包括‘local’, ‘chroot’,’jail’等等 #remote_port = 22 遠程SSH端口。 默認是22 module_lang = C 模塊和系統(tǒng)之間通信的計算機語言，默認是C語言# plays will gather facts by default, which contain information about # the remote system. # # smart - gather by default, but don't regather if already gathered # implicit - gather by default, turn off with gather_facts: False # explicit - do not gather by default, must say gather_facts: True gathering = implicit 控制默認facts收集（遠程系統(tǒng)變量）. 默認值為’implicit’, 每一次play,facts都會被收集# additional paths to search for roles in, colon separated #roles_path = /etc/ansible/roles roles 路徑指的是’roles/’下的額外目錄,用于playbook搜索Ansible roles# uncomment this to disable SSH key host checking #host_key_checking = False 檢查主機密鑰# change this for alternative sudo implementations sudo_exe = sudo 如果在其他遠程主機上使用另一種方式執(zhí)sudu操作.可以使用該參數(shù)進行更換# what flags to pass to sudo 傳遞sudo之外的參數(shù) #sudo_flags = -H# SSH timeout SSH超時時間 timeout = 10# default user to use for playbooks if user is not specified # (/usr/bin/ansible will use current user as default) #remote_user = root 使用/usr/bin/ansible-playbook鏈接的默認用戶名，如果不指定，會使用當前登錄的用戶名# logging is off by default unless this path is defined # if so defined, consider logrotate #log_path = /var/log/ansible.log 日志文件存放路徑# default module name for /usr/bin/ansible #module_name = command ansible命令執(zhí)行默認的模塊# use this shell for commands executed under sudo # you may need to change this to bin/bash in rare instances # if sudo is constrained #executable = /bin/sh 在sudo環(huán)境下產(chǎn)生一個shell交互接口. 用戶只在/bin/bash的或者sudo限制的一些場景中需要修改# if inventory variables overlap, does the higher precedence one win # or are hash values merged together? The default is 'replace' but # this can also be set to 'merge'. #hash_behaviour = replace 特定的優(yōu)先級覆蓋變量# list any Jinja2 extensions to enable here: #jinja2_extensions = jinja2.ext.do,jinja2.ext.i18n 允許開啟Jinja2拓展模塊# if set, always use this private key file for authentication, same as # if passing --private-key to ansible or ansible-playbook #private_key_file = /path/to/file 私鑰文件存儲位置# format of string {{ ansible_managed }} available within Jinja2 # templates indicates to users editing templates files will be replaced. # replacing {file}, {host} and {uid} and strftime codes with proper values. ansible_managed = Ansible managed: {file} modified on %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S by {uid} on {host} 這個設置可以告知用戶,Ansible修改了一個文件,并且手動寫入的內(nèi)容可能已經(jīng)被覆蓋.# by default, ansible-playbook will display "Skipping [host]" if it determines a task # should not be run on a host. Set this to "False" if you don't want to see these "Skipping" # messages. NOTE: the task header will still be shown regardless of whether or not the # task is skipped. #display_skipped_hosts = True 顯示任何跳過任務的狀態(tài) ，默認是顯示# by default (as of 1.3), Ansible will raise errors when attempting to dereference # Jinja2 variables that are not set in templates or action lines. Uncomment this line # to revert the behavior to pre-1.3. #error_on_undefined_vars = False 如果所引用的變量名稱錯誤的話, 將會導致ansible在執(zhí)行步驟上失敗# by default (as of 1.6), Ansible may display warnings based on the configuration of the # system running ansible itself. This may include warnings about 3rd party packages or # other conditions that should be resolved if possible. # to disable these warnings, set the following value to False: #system_warnings = True 允許禁用系統(tǒng)運行ansible相關的潛在問題警告# by default (as of 1.4), Ansible may display deprecation warnings for language # features that should no longer be used and will be removed in future versions. # to disable these warnings, set the following value to False: #deprecation_warnings = True 允許在ansible-playbook輸出結果中禁用“不建議使用”警告# (as of 1.8), Ansible can optionally warn when usage of the shell and # command module appear to be simplified by using a default Ansible module # instead. These warnings can be silenced by adjusting the following # setting or adding warn=yes or warn=no to the end of the command line # parameter string. This will for example suggest using the git module # instead of shelling out to the git command. # command_warnings = False 當shell和命令行模塊被默認模塊簡化的時,Ansible 將默認發(fā)出警告# set plugin path directories here, separate with colons action_plugins = /usr/share/ansible_plugins/action_plugins callback_plugins = /usr/share/ansible_plugins/callback_plugins connection_plugins = /usr/share/ansible_plugins/connection_plugins lookup_plugins = /usr/share/ansible_plugins/lookup_plugins vars_plugins = /usr/share/ansible_plugins/vars_plugins filter_plugins = /usr/share/ansible_plugins/filter_plugins# by default callbacks are not loaded for /bin/ansible, enable this if you # want, for example, a notification or logging callback to also apply to # /bin/ansible runs #bin_ansible_callbacks = False 用來控制callback插件是否在運行 /usr/bin/ansible 的時候被加載. 這個模塊將用于命令行的日志系統(tǒng),發(fā)出通知等特性# don't like cows? that's unfortunate. # set to 1 if you don't want cowsay support or export ANSIBLE_NOCOWS=1 #nocows = 1 默認ansible可以調用一些cowsay的特性 開啟/禁用：0/1# don't like colors either? # set to 1 if you don't want colors, or export ANSIBLE_NOCOLOR=1 #nocolor = 1 輸出帶上顏色區(qū)別， 開啟/關閉：0/1# the CA certificate path used for validating SSL certs. This path # should exist on the controlling node, not the target nodes # common locations: # RHEL/CentOS: /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt # Fedora : /etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/pem/tls-ca-bundle.pem # Ubuntu : /usr/share/ca-certificates/cacert.org/cacert.org.crt #ca_file_path = # the http user-agent string to use when fetching urls. Some web server # operators block the default urllib user agent as it is frequently used # by malicious attacks/scripts, so we set it to something unique to # avoid issues. #http_user_agent = ansible-agent# if set to a persistent type (not 'memory', for example 'redis') fact values # from previous runs in Ansible will be stored. This may be useful when # wanting to use, for example, IP information from one group of servers # without having to talk to them in the same playbook run to get their # current IP information. fact_caching = memory# retry files #retry_files_enabled = False #retry_files_save_path = ~/.ansible-retry[privilege_escalation] #become=True #become_method=sudo #become_user=root #become_ask_pass=False[paramiko_connection]# uncomment this line to cause the paramiko connection plugin to not record new host # keys encountered. Increases performance on new host additions. Setting works independently of the # host key checking setting above. #record_host_keys=False# by default, Ansible requests a pseudo-terminal for commands executed under sudo. Uncomment this # line to disable this behaviour. #pty=False[ssh_connection]# ssh arguments to use # Leaving off ControlPersist will result in poor performance, so use # paramiko on older platforms rather than removing it #ssh_args = -o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPersist=60s# The path to use for the ControlPath sockets. This defaults to # "%(directory)s/ansible-ssh-%%h-%%p-%%r", however on some systems with # very long hostnames or very long path names (caused by long user names or # deeply nested home directories) this can exceed the character limit on # file socket names (108 characters for most platforms). In that case, you # may wish to shorten the string below. # # Example: # control_path = %(directory)s/%%h-%%r #control_path = %(directory)s/ansible-ssh-%%h-%%p-%%r# Enabling pipelining reduces the number of SSH operations required to # execute a module on the remote server. This can result in a significant # performance improvement when enabled, however when using "sudo:" you must # first disable 'requiretty' in /etc/sudoers # # By default, this option is disabled to preserve compatibility with # sudoers configurations that have requiretty (the default on many distros). # #pipelining = False# if True, make ansible use scp if the connection type is ssh # (default is sftp) #scp_if_ssh = True[accelerate] accelerate_port = 5099 accelerate_timeout = 30 accelerate_connect_timeout = 5.0# The daemon timeout is measured in minutes. This time is measured # from the last activity to the accelerate daemon. accelerate_daemon_timeout = 30 # If set to yes, accelerate_multi_key will allow multiple # private keys to be uploaded to it, though each user must # have access to the system via SSH to add a new key. The default # is "no". #accelerate_multi_key = yes[selinux] # file systems that require special treatment when dealing with security context # the default behaviour that copies the existing context or uses the user default # needs to be changed to use the file system dependant context. #special_context_filesystems=nfs,vboxsf,fuse

簡易配置：

[defaults] inventory = /etc/ansible/hosts sudo_user=root remote_port=22 host_key_checking=False remote_user=root log_path=/var/log/ansible.log module_name=command private_key_file=/root/.ssh/id_rsa no_log:True

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　2.hosts

# This is the default ansible 'hosts' file. # # It should live in /etc/ansible/hosts # # - Comments begin with the '#' character # - Blank lines are ignored # - Groups of hosts are delimited by [header] elements # - You can enter hostnames or ip addresses # - A hostname/ip can be a member of multiple groups# Ex 1: Ungrouped hosts, specify before any group headers.green.example.com blue.example.com 192.168.100.1 192.168.100.10# Ex 2: A collection of hosts belonging to the 'webservers' group[webservers] alpha.example.org beta.example.org 192.168.1.100 192.168.1.110# If you have multiple hosts following a pattern you can specify # them like this:www[001:006].example.com# Ex 3: A collection of database servers in the 'dbservers' group[dbservers]db01.intranet.mydomain.net db02.intranet.mydomain.net 10.25.1.56 10.25.1.57# Here's another example of host ranges, this time there are no # leading 0s:db-[99:101]-node.example.com

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