文章目錄

• 1. namedtuple 具名元祖
• • 1.2 代碼
• 2. 特殊方法覆寫(xiě)

1. namedtuple 具名元祖

namedtuple的特點(diǎn)是只有少量屬性，沒(méi)有方法。

1.2 代碼

# 導(dǎo)入相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) import random from collections import namedtuple from random import choice# 定義單個(gè)紙牌Cards類(lèi)，有屬性rank 和 suit Cards = namedtuple('Cards', ['rank', 'suit'])# 一套紙牌 class FrechDeck:# 批量生成列表ranks和suitsranks = [str(n) for n in range(2, 11)] + list('JQKA')suits = "spades diamonds clubs hearts".split()def __init__(self):# 初始化生成一套紙牌self._cards = [Cards(rank, suit) for rank in self.ranksfor suit in self.suits]# 返回長(zhǎng)度def __len__(self):return len(self._cards)# 根據(jù)序號(hào)返回值def __getitem__(self, item):return self._cards[item]# 實(shí)例化紙牌 my_frenchdeck = FrechDeck() # 獲取紙牌的長(zhǎng)度 print(f"len(my_frenchdeck)={len(my_frenchdeck)}")# 循環(huán)迭代獲得紙牌 for i in my_frenchdeck:print(i) print("*" * 100) # 對(duì)紙牌進(jìn)行切片處理 print(f"my_frenchdeck[-1]={my_frenchdeck[-1]}") print(f"my_frenchdeck[5]={my_frenchdeck[5]}") print(f"my_frenchdeck[0:5]={my_frenchdeck[0:5]}") print(f"my_frenchdeck[:-5]={my_frenchdeck[:-5]}") print(f"choice(my_frenchdeck)={choice(my_frenchdeck)}")# 給每個(gè)紙牌花色進(jìn)行賦權(quán)重 suit_values = dict(spades=3, diamonds=1, clubs=0, hearts=2)# 根據(jù)傳入的單個(gè)card計(jì)算出總的權(quán)重，依據(jù)suit_value+rank def spades_high(card):rank_value = FrechDeck.ranks.index(card.rank)return rank_value * len(suit_values) + suit_values[card.suit]print("*" * 100) i = -1 # 根據(jù)總權(quán)重值進(jìn)行排序 for card in sorted(my_frenchdeck, key=spades_high):i += 1print(f"i={i},card={card},weights = {spades_high(card)}")

2. 特殊方法覆寫(xiě)

from math import hypot# 定義一個(gè)向量Vector class Vector:def __init__(self, x=0, y=0):self.x = xself.y = y# 覆寫(xiě)向量打印的寫(xiě)法def __repr__(self):return "Vector(%r,%r)" % (self.x, self.y)# 覆寫(xiě)向量abs方法，向量的模def __abs__(self):return hypot(self.x, self.y)# 覆寫(xiě)向量加法def __add__(self, other):x = self.x + other.xy = self.y + other.yreturn Vector(x, y)def __bool__(self):# return bool(abs(self))return bool(self.x or self.y)# 覆寫(xiě)向量和標(biāo)量的乘法def __mul__(self, scale):return Vector(self.x * scale, self.y * scale)vector1 = Vector(2, 3) vector2 = Vector(4, 5) print(f"bool(vector1)={bool(vector1)}") print(f"vector1 + vector2={vector1 + vector2}") print(f"abs(vector1)={abs(vector1)}") print(f"vector1 * 3={vector1 * 3}") bool(vector1)=True vector1 + vector2=Vector(6,8) abs(vector1)=3.6055512754639896 vector1 * 3=Vector(6,9)

• 用生成器初始化元組和數(shù)組

symbols = '$￠￡￥€¤' # 用將原來(lái)的列表[]改成元組就是生成器() mytuple = tuple(ord(s) for s in symbols) print(mytuple) # output: # (36, 162, 163, 165, 8364, 164)

總結(jié)

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