總結(jié)一下交叉編譯

如何用交叉編譯鏈命令行編譯

基本通過下面兩句可以完成helloworld編譯,參考(本方法已經(jīng)過時了，請不要使用，要使用獨立編譯鏈的方法)https://www.cnblogs.com/bingghost/p/5721423.html

/home/liwenfeng/work/android-ndk-r13b/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/bin/arm-linux-androideabi-gcc -I/home/liwenfeng/work/android-ndk-r13b/platforms/android-24/arch-arm/usr/include -c hello.c -o hello.o

/home/liwenfeng/work/android-ndk-r13b/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/bin/arm-linux-androideabi-gcc -L/home/liwenfeng/work/android-ndk-r13b/platforms/android-24/arch-arm/usr/lib -nostdlib -fPIE -pie -lc hello.o /home/liwenfeng/work/android-ndk-r13b/platforms/android-24/arch-arm/usr/lib/crtbegin_dynamic.o /home/liwenfeng/work/android-ndk-r13b/platforms/android-24/arch-arm/usr/lib/crtend_android.o -o hello

交叉編譯鏈的默認配置是怎樣的？

echo 'main(){}'|arm-linux-androideabi-gcc -E -v -

Using built-in specs.

COLLECT_GCC=arm-linux-androideabi-gcc

Target: arm-linux-androideabi

Configured with: /usr/local/google/buildbot/src/android/gcc/toolchain/build/../gcc/gcc-4.9/configure --prefix=/tmp/59719db9ae19ff43aef46bbcb79596b6 --target=arm-linux-androideabi --host=x86_64-linux-gnu --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --with-gnu-as --with-gnu-ld --enable-languages=c,c++ --with-gmp=/buildbot/tmp/build/toolchain/temp-install --with-mpfr=/buildbot/tmp/build/toolchain/temp-install --with-mpc=/buildbot/tmp/build/toolchain/temp-install --with-cloog=/buildbot/tmp/build/toolchain/temp-install --with-isl=/buildbot/tmp/build/toolchain/temp-install --with-ppl=/buildbot/tmp/build/toolchain/temp-install --disable-ppl-version-check --disable-cloog-version-check --disable-isl-version-check --enable-cloog-backend=isl --with-host-libstdcxx='-static-libgcc -Wl,-Bstatic,-lstdc++,-Bdynamic -lm' --disable-libssp --enable-threads --disable-nls --disable-libmudflap --disable-libgomp --disable-libstdc__-v3 --disable-sjlj-exceptions --disable-shared --disable-tls --disable-libitm --with-float=soft --with-fpu=vfp --with-arch=armv5te --enable-target-optspace --enable-bionic-libs --enable-libatomic-ifuncs=no --enable-initfini-array --disable-nls --prefix=/tmp/59719db9ae19ff43aef46bbcb79596b6 --with-sysroot=/tmp/59719db9ae19ff43aef46bbcb79596b6/sysroot --with-binutils-version=2.25 --with-mpfr-version=3.1.1 --with-mpc-version=1.0.1 --with-gmp-version=5.0.5 --with-gcc-version=4.9 --with-gdb-version=none --with-gxx-include-dir=/tmp/59719db9ae19ff43aef46bbcb79596b6/include/c++/4.9.x --with-bugurl=http://source.android.com/source/report-bugs.html --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-bootstrap --enable-plugins --enable-libgomp --enable-gnu-indirect-function --disable-libsanitizer --enable-gold --enable-threads --enable-eh-frame-hdr-for-static --enable-graphite=yes --with-isl-version=0.11.1 --with-cloog-version=0.18.0 --with-arch=armv5te --program-transform-name='s&^&arm-linux-androideabi-&' --enable-gold=default

Thread model: posix

gcc version 4.9.x 20150123 (prerelease) (GCC)

COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-E' '-v' '-march=armv5te' '-mfloat-abi=soft' '-mfpu=vfp' '-mtls-dialect=gnu'

/home/liwenfeng/work/android-ndk-r13b/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/bin/../libexec/gcc/arm-linux-androideabi/4.9.x/cc1 -E -quiet -v -iprefix /home/liwenfeng/work/android-ndk-r13b/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-linux-androideabi/4.9.x/ - -mbionic -fpic -march=armv5te -mfloat-abi=soft -mfpu=vfp -mtls-dialect=gnu

ignoring nonexistent directory "/home/liwenfeng/work/android-ndk-r13b/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-linux-androideabi/4.9.x/../../../../arm-linux-androideabi/include"

ignoring duplicate directory "/home/liwenfeng/work/android-ndk-r13b/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/bin/../lib/gcc/../../lib/gcc/arm-linux-androideabi/4.9.x/include"

ignoring nonexistent directory "/tmp/59719db9ae19ff43aef46bbcb79596b6/sysroot/usr/local/include"

ignoring duplicate directory "/home/liwenfeng/work/android-ndk-r13b/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/bin/../lib/gcc/../../lib/gcc/arm-linux-androideabi/4.9.x/include-fixed"

ignoring nonexistent directory "/home/liwenfeng/work/android-ndk-r13b/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/bin/../lib/gcc/../../lib/gcc/arm-linux-androideabi/4.9.x/../../../../arm-linux-androideabi/include"

ignoring nonexistent directory "/tmp/59719db9ae19ff43aef46bbcb79596b6/sysroot/usr/include"

#include "..." search starts here:

#include <...> search starts here:

/home/liwenfeng/work/android-ndk-r13b/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-linux-androideabi/4.9.x/include

/home/liwenfeng/work/android-ndk-r13b/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-linux-androideabi/4.9.x/include-fixed

End of search list.

# 1 ""

# 1 ""

# 1 ""

# 1 ""

main(){}

COMPILER_PATH=/home/liwenfeng/work/android-ndk-r13b/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/bin/../libexec/gcc/arm-linux-androideabi/4.9.x/:/home/liwenfeng/work/android-ndk-r13b/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/bin/../libexec/gcc/:/home/liwenfeng/work/android-ndk-r13b/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-linux-androideabi/4.9.x/../../../../arm-linux-androideabi/bin/

LIBRARY_PATH=/home/liwenfeng/work/android-ndk-r13b/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-linux-androideabi/4.9.x/:/home/liwenfeng/work/android-ndk-r13b/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/bin/../lib/gcc/:/home/liwenfeng/work/android-ndk-r13b/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-linux-androideabi/4.9.x/../../../../arm-linux-androideabi/lib/

COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-E' '-v' '-march=armv5te' '-mfloat-abi=soft' '-mfpu=vfp' '-mtls-dialect=gnu'

如何選擇stl頭文件的路徑？

選擇gnustl會報錯如下,去路徑看了下，的確沒有這個問題，沒得搞:

/home/liwenfeng/work/android-ndk-r13b/sources/cxx-stl/gnu-libstdc++/4.9/include/string:38:28: fatal error: bits/c++config.h: No such file or directory

#include

用llvm的頭文件就會報下面的錯

In file included from /home/liwenfeng/work/android-ndk-r13b/sources/cxx-stl/llvm-libc++/include/complex:246:0,

from ../../webrtc/common_audio/lapped_transform.h:14,

from lapped_transform.cc:11:

/home/liwenfeng/work/android-ndk-r13b/sources/cxx-stl/llvm-libc++/include/cmath:313:9: error: '::signbit' has not been declared

using ::signbit;

Bionic C與 Glibc的區(qū)別？

Bionic C是Android搞得，為了不開源和低端cpu的優(yōu)化。占用體積更小。

gcc可以編譯cpp嗎？

可以，但不能自動鏈接cpp的庫。g++實際是調(diào)用了gcc的。g++是gcc的超集。

如何使用交叉編譯鏈和makefile編譯helloworld

NDK_ROOT=/home/liwenfeng/work/android-ndk-r13b

TOOLCHAINS_ROOT=$(NDK_ROOT)/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.9/prebuilt/linux-x86_64

TOOLCHAINS_PREFIX=$(TOOLCHAINS_ROOT)/bin/arm-linux-androideabi

TOOLCHAINS_INCLUDE=$(TOOLCHAINS_ROOT)/lib/gcc/arm-linux-androideabi/4.9.x/include-fixed

PLATFROM_ROOT=$(NDK_ROOT)/platforms/android-24/arch-arm

PLATFROM_INCLUDE=$(PLATFROM_ROOT)/usr/include

PLATFROM_LIB=$(PLATFROM_ROOT)/usr/lib

MODALE_NAME=hello

RM=del

FLAGS=-I$(TOOLCHAINS_INCLUDE) \

-I$(PLATFROM_INCLUDE) \

-L$(PLATFROM_LIB) \

-nostdlib \

-fPIE \

-pie \

-lgcc \

-Bdynamic \

-lc

OBJS=$(MODALE_NAME).o \

$(PLATFROM_LIB)/crtbegin_dynamic.o \

$(PLATFROM_LIB)/crtend_android.o

all:

$(TOOLCHAINS_PREFIX)-gcc $(FLAGS) -c $(MODALE_NAME).c -o $(MODALE_NAME).o

$(TOOLCHAINS_PREFIX)-gcc $(FLAGS) $(OBJS) -o $(MODALE_NAME)

clean:

$(RM) *.o

如何使用獨立工具鏈編譯c++

arm-linux-androideabi-g++ --sysroot=/home/liwenfeng/work/StandaloneTool/sysroot -v -pie -fPIE hello_world.cpp -o hello_world

有什么可以編譯成功的庫嗎

./configure --host=arm-linux-androideabi CFLAGS="--sysroot=/home/liwenfeng/work/StandaloneToolStlport/sysroot"

如何創(chuàng)建獨立的編譯鏈

//gnust

python make_standalone_toolchain.py --arch arm --api 24 --stl gnustl --install-dir /home/liwenfeng/work/StandaloneTool --force

//stlport

python make_standalone_toolchain.py --arch arm --api 24 --stl stlport --install-dir /home/liwenfeng/work/StandaloneToolStlport --force

如何單獨使用so庫

#include

#include "webrtc/modules/audio_processing/include/audio_processing.h"

using namespace std;

using namespace webrtc;

using namespace rtc;

int main() {

webrtc::AudioProcessing::Create();

return 0;

}

arm-linux-androideabi-g++ --sysroot=/home/liwenfeng/work/StandaloneToolStlport/sysroot -I/home/liwenfeng/work/nano/webrtc-audio-processing-0.3.1/install/include/webrtc_audio_processing -DWEBRTC_POSIX HelloAudio.cpp -L. -lwebrtc_audio_processing -o HelloAudio

如何同時鏈接靜態(tài)庫和動態(tài)庫

參考下面，是同時鏈接了webrtc_audio_processing靜態(tài)庫和log動態(tài)庫

arm-linux-androideabi-g++ --sysroot=/home/liwenfeng/work/StandaloneToolStlport/sysroot -I/home/liwenfeng/work/nano/webrtc-audio-processing-0.3.1/install/include/webrtc_audio_processing -DWEBRTC_POSIX -std=c++11 -Fpie -pie HelloAudio.cpp -L. -Wl,-Bstatic -lwebrtc_audio_processing -Wl,-Bdynamic -llog -o HelloAudio

因為log庫只有動態(tài)庫，所以必須使用-Wl,-Bdynamic -llog來鏈接，否則會提示找不到log庫，報錯如下

/home/liwenfeng/work/StandaloneToolStlport/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-linux-androideabi/4.9.x/../../../../arm-linux-androideabi/bin/ld: error: cannot find -llog

/home/liwenfeng/work/StandaloneToolStlport/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-linux-androideabi/4.9.x/../../../../arm-linux-androideabi/bin/ld: error: cannot find -ldl

如何打包靜態(tài)庫并且使用？

下面是靜態(tài)庫，打包成動態(tài)庫，然后再使用的例子

demo.c

#include "demo.h"

#include

#define LOG_TAG "fengtou"

#define LOGI(...) __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_INFO, LOG_TAG, __VA_ARGS__)

int demoSay() {

LOGI("121");

return 1;

}

main.c

#include "demo.h"

#include

int main() {

demoSay();

printf(" qu ni mei de\n");

return 1;

}

命令行：

編譯.o

arm-linux-androideabi-gcc --sysroot=/home/liwenfeng/work/StandaloneToolStlport/sysroot -c demo.cpp -o demo.o

打包.a

arm-linux-androideabi-ar -rc libdemo.a demo.o

生產(chǎn)可執(zhí)行文件

arm-linux-androideabi-gcc --sysroot=/home/liwenfeng/work/StandaloneToolStlport/sysroot main.cpp -L. -Wl,-Bstatic -ldemo -Wl,-Bdynamic -llog -pie -fPIE -o main

運行結(jié)果如下兩圖

image.png

image.png

動態(tài)庫鏈接在什么階段完成？

android 6.0報錯"ava.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: dlopen failed: cannot locate symbol "__aeabi_memclr4" referenced by "/data/app/cn.com.ava.dotmatrixpen-1/lib/arm/libBTAP.so"..."怎么解決？

原因是6.0的系統(tǒng)沒有這個符號

image.png

可以看到都是WEAK虛函數(shù)，所以沒有實現(xiàn)。我們看看9.0的系統(tǒng)

image.png

明顯看到有實現(xiàn)的影子。

那我們?nèi)绾涡薷哪?#xff1f;修改我們的編譯鏈即可，降低api到21(android 5.0)。

python make_standalone_toolchain.py --arch arm --api 21 --stl stlport --install-dir /home/liwenfeng/work/StandaloneToolStlport --force

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