微信小程序新手容易犯的錯誤

To become a Senior Java Developer, I’ve been learning Java for many years and still I’m not gonna stop learning as actual coding never stops teaching. I’ve also been teaching it for over seven years now. Just fancy how many mistakes I’ve already made myself and how many I’ve watched my students doing. I am pretty sure now I know a hundred wrong ways of learning to code (as well as dozens of the right ones).

要成為一名高級Java開發(fā)人員，我已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)Java多年了，但我不會停止學(xué)習(xí)，因?yàn)閷?shí)際的代碼永遠(yuǎn)不會停止教學(xué)。 我也已經(jīng)教了七年以上。 只是幻想我已經(jīng)犯了多少錯誤，以及看著我的學(xué)生有多少錯誤。 我現(xiàn)在可以肯定，我知道一百種錯誤的學(xué)習(xí)編碼方法(以及數(shù)十種正確的方法)。

Plenty of paths are available for you to start your developer career. But the same thing creates an illusion that all roads to success in coding are equally good. From my experience, I can say that it’s not completely so. Here I will share the ineffective ways on how to learn to program and show you better alternatives.

您可以使用很多途徑來開始您的開發(fā)者職業(yè)生涯。 但是，同一件事產(chǎn)生了一種幻覺，即編碼成功的所有道路都是一樣的好。 根據(jù)我的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，我可以說并非完全如此。 在這里，我將分享有關(guān)如何學(xué)習(xí)編程的無效方法，并向您展示更好的替代方法。

9種無效的編程學(xué)習(xí)方法 (9 Ineffective Approaches to Learn Programming)

1.一次做完 (1. Doing it all at once)

When you feel like you are in a mood for an achievement you’re itching to do everything at once. You open several web pages and start learning a bit of Java, and then a bit of PHP, and then you give a short glimpse at JS frameworks. By the end of the day, you think you know a lot about programming. But no.

當(dāng)您想獲得成就時，就渴望立即做所有事情。 您打開幾個網(wǎng)頁，開始學(xué)習(xí)一些Java，然后學(xué)習(xí)PHP，然后簡要了解JS框架。 歸根結(jié)底，您認(rèn)為您對編程了解很多。 但不是。

See how you wake up the next morning and suddenly realize you remember next to nothing from yesterday. Several hours of study for a (seemingly) zero result! Well, that’s the trick of learning anything new: focus on something. Java — then Java only. Stay with this strategy for at least first few months. Later it might be even beneficial for you to go to the other technologies and try them together in real projects.

看看您第二天早上如何醒來，突然意識到您從昨天起幾乎一無所有。 幾個小時的學(xué)習(xí)(看似)為零！ 好吧，這就是學(xué)習(xí)新知識的竅門：專注于某些東西。 Java-僅Java。 至少在最初的幾個月內(nèi)保持這種策略。 之后，使用其他技術(shù)并在實(shí)際項(xiàng)目中一起嘗試可能對您甚至有益。

2.跳過基礎(chǔ) (2. Skipping the fundamentals)

Who cares about the simple alphabet when you can start writing your first novel right away? Why waste time doing something only losers would do? Yeah, right. Skip the dull fundamentals. Why would you bother learning anything about classes or inheritance if the Next Big Thing is waiting for you?

當(dāng)您可以立即開始撰寫第一本小說時，誰在乎簡單的字母？ 為什么要浪費(fèi)時間做只有失敗者才能做的事情？ 是的，對。 跳過沉悶的基礎(chǔ)知識。 如果“下一件大事”等著您，您為什么還要花時間學(xué)習(xí)有關(guān)類或繼承的任何知識？

Well, not exactly. Learning the basics is the brick and mortar of your future career. If you don’t do your job building it carefully now, you will stumble over it for years. When you get a real job you might really be very short on time to go back to basics. So the best moment to slowly move from points A to B is now. No, you are not the smartest crayon in the box (yet!), so don’t skip learning the fundamentals.

好吧，不完全是。 學(xué)習(xí)基礎(chǔ)知識是您未來職業(yè)的基石。 如果您現(xiàn)在不認(rèn)真地構(gòu)建它，那么您將迷失數(shù)年。 當(dāng)您找到一份真正的工作時，您可能真的沒有時間恢復(fù)基本知識。 因此，現(xiàn)在是從點(diǎn)A緩慢移至點(diǎn)B的最佳時刻。 不，您不是盒子里最聰明的蠟筆(但！)，所以不要跳過學(xué)習(xí)基礎(chǔ)知識。

3.在藍(lán)月亮中學(xué)習(xí)一次 (3. Studying once in a blue moon)

The next trick, which is connected with the previous one: learn regularly. Think “consistency” is just another buzzword? No, it’s not. This is the way the memory works: you have to repeat things several times before they actually become a skill. And without any further use, the skills you worked so hard to build will vanish out of your memory again. That’s why several hours of study with several days of oblivion is a direct course toward failure. Learning programming for thirty minutes per day is better than three hours of practice every other Monday.

下一個技巧與上一個技巧有關(guān)：定期學(xué)習(xí)。 認(rèn)為“一致性”只是另一個流行詞？ 不，這不對。 這就是記憶的工作方式：您必須重復(fù)多次才能真正使它們成為一項(xiàng)技能。 而且，如果不再進(jìn)一步使用，那么您辛苦地建立的技能將再次從您的記憶中消失。 這就是為什么數(shù)小時的學(xué)習(xí)和幾天的遺忘是走向失敗的直接途徑。 每天學(xué)習(xí)30分鐘的編程要比每隔一個星期一的三個小時的練習(xí)要好。

4.獨(dú)自學(xué)習(xí)編碼 (4. Learning coding in solitude)

“I will do it on my own.” “I thought coding was about typing the right lines. Why would I need people?” These are some of the excuses I’ve heard for not connecting with other people while you learn. Yeah, if you envision yourself hiding behind the monitor and coding genius things in solitude and silence… Well, say goodbye to this illusion! No matter how introverted software developers are, their profession is about teamwork. Yours will be too.

“我會自己做?！?“我認(rèn)為編碼是要輸入正確的行。 我為什么需要人？” 這些是我在學(xué)習(xí)過程中不與他人聯(lián)系的借口。 是的，如果您設(shè)想自己躲在顯示器后面并以孤獨(dú)和寂靜的方式編碼天才事物……那么，告別這種幻覺！ 無論軟件開發(fā)人員多么內(nèi)向，他們的專業(yè)都是團(tuán)隊(duì)合作。 你的也一樣。

On your learning path, help from peers may also be crucial. And who knows, maybe you’ll also meet your future colleague or even employers there. Where? On the programmers’ forums, professional communities, etc. Come join forums like CodeGym, Stack Overflow, Reddit (e.g., subreddits like r\learnprogramming, r\java, and r\learnjava). Talk to others about your studies and work, ask for help, help others, and get some inspiration. This will definitely speed up your professional skills and — which might be even more important — your soft skills.

在您的學(xué)習(xí)道路上，同伴的幫助也可能至關(guān)重要。 誰知道呢，也許您還會在那里見到您未來的同事甚至雇主。 哪里？ 在程序員的論壇，專業(yè)社區(qū)等上，加入諸如CodeGym ， Stack Overflow ， Reddit之類的論壇(例如，諸如r \ learnprogramming，r \ java和r \ learnjava之類的子reddit)。 與他人談?wù)撃膶W(xué)習(xí)和工作，尋求幫助，幫助他人并獲得啟發(fā)。 這肯定會加快您的專業(yè)技能，甚至可能更重要的是您的軟技能。

5.僅閱讀，觀看視頻并再次閱讀 (5. Only reading, watching videos, and reading again)

The more you read about programming, the better the programmer you become. Well, no. Theory only, even if it is in the form of a bright YouTube cartoon, won’t get you far unless you also practice. Try some coding challenge platforms, play games, and learn by doing. Here are some online options I’ve picked up for you.

您對編程的了解越多，您成為一名更好的程序員。 好吧，不。 僅憑理論，即使是以明亮的YouTube卡通形式出現(xiàn)，除非您也進(jìn)行練習(xí)，否則它不會帶您走遠(yuǎn)。 嘗試一些編碼挑戰(zhàn)平臺，玩游戲，邊做邊學(xué)。 這是我為您準(zhǔn)備的一些在線選項(xiàng)。

• Gitconnected

  Gitconnected

Gitconnected is a community full of tutorial resources for learning programming. All materials are filtered by software engineers and developers, so the quality of content is super high. Here members not only learn but communicate with each other to find the best possible solutions to complete the tasks.

Gitconnected是一個社區(qū)，充滿了學(xué)習(xí)編程的教程資源。 所有材料均經(jīng)過軟件工程師和開發(fā)人員的過濾，因此內(nèi)容的質(zhì)量非常高。 在這里，成員不僅學(xué)習(xí)而且彼此交流以找到最佳的解決方案來完成任務(wù)。

• CodeGym

  CodeGym

CodeGym is a structured Java course that combines lectures and practical tasks. Here you can start doing tasks from the beginner level and get to the confident middle level. The whole course is built as a quest that involves gamification and storytelling. Doesn’t it make the whole process much more interesting?

CodeGym是一門結(jié)構(gòu)化的Java課程，結(jié)合了講座和實(shí)際任務(wù)。 在這里，您可以從初學(xué)者開始執(zhí)行任務(wù)，然后進(jìn)入自信的中層。 整個課程都是作為涉及游戲化和講故事的探索而構(gòu)建的。 這不是使整個過程變得更加有趣嗎？

• Coderbyte

  編碼字節(jié)

This resource is a challenge- and problem-resolution-based. There are starter courses, a huge library of challenges with marked levels of difficulty, and job interview preparation tools.

此資源是基于挑戰(zhàn)和問題解決方案的。 有入門課程，巨大的挑戰(zhàn)庫和明顯的難度水平，以及工作面試準(zhǔn)備工具。

• Codechef

  廚師

Codechef is a place for a friendly competition. It also has starter courses and monthly challenges. See how your name will look if you become one of the top performers!

Codechef是進(jìn)行友好比賽的地方。 它還有入門課程和每月挑戰(zhàn)。 看看如果您成為表現(xiàn)最好的人之一，您的名字將如何顯示！

6.不學(xué)習(xí)解決問題 (6. Not learning to solve problems)

Let’s get back to the learners’ mistakes. At first, you will really just learn simple coding. But the “repeat after me” type of the tutorials cannot last long. Creating software is not only about writing lines and lines of code. It’s about making something that would help people fill some gaps and solve some issues.

讓我們回到學(xué)習(xí)者的錯誤中。 首先，您實(shí)際上只會學(xué)習(xí)簡單的編碼。 但是這些教程的“跟著我重復(fù)”的類型不能持續(xù)很長時間。 創(chuàng)建軟件不僅涉及編寫代碼行和代碼行。 這是關(guān)于做出一些可以幫助人們填補(bǔ)空白并解決一些問題的事情。

That’s why you have to start figuring out how to resolve problems with your coding, not just doing monkey business. The thing is that you won’t receive tasks at work like “write 50 lines of Java code.” They would mostly come like, “We need this thing to work this way. Can you do that?” And here’s when you either can or cannot. Try coding challenges like those mentioned above for drilling problem-solving skills.

這就是為什么您必須開始弄清楚如何解決編碼問題，而不僅僅是做猴子生意。 問題是您不會在工作中收到諸如“編寫50行Java代碼”之類的任務(wù)。 他們通常會說：“我們需要這種方式來工作。 你能做到嗎？” 這就是您可以或不能的時候。 嘗試像上面提到的那樣為解決問題的技巧編寫挑戰(zhàn)代碼。

7.不確定所寫的內(nèi)容是否有效 (7. Not being sure whatever you write is working)

In a make-believe world, developers create ideal code from scratch, and it miraculously works all at once. But in the real world, things are way more complicated. You write and write features for some app, and then — oops. The app just won’t operate. And don’t you actually know what’s wrong, whether things went wrong one by one or several at a time. And now you have to check up on everything from the very beginning. Good luck! A much better option is to double or triple check every part of your project before you move on to the next step. Then the chances you create something good are much higher.

在一個難以置信的世界中，開發(fā)人員可以從頭開始創(chuàng)建理想的代碼，并且奇跡般地一次完成所有工作。 但是在現(xiàn)實(shí)世界中，事情變得更加復(fù)雜。 您為某個應(yīng)用程序編寫功能，然后-哎呀。 該應(yīng)用程序?qū)o法運(yùn)行。 而且您實(shí)際上不知道出什么問題了嗎，一次是一次還是幾次出現(xiàn)了問題。 現(xiàn)在，您必須從一開始就檢查所有內(nèi)容。 祝好運(yùn)！ 更好的選擇是在繼續(xù)下一步之前，對項(xiàng)目的每個部分進(jìn)行兩次或三次檢查。 這樣，您創(chuàng)造出好的東西的機(jī)會就更高了。

8.絕不承認(rèn)您編寫了錯誤的代碼 (8. Never admitting you wrote bad code)

It’s hard to realize you’ve made a mistake. It’s even harder when there are plenty of mistakes every day and in every line of code. But pretending that it’s alright and should be this way is even worse. So face it: you will write a lot of bad code. And you will have to rewrite it every now and then. It’s inevitable, and it’s a part of the process. Audit your code, and if something has to be changed — go and change it.

很難意識到您犯了一個錯誤。 如果每天和每一行代碼中都存在大量錯誤，那就更難了。 但是假裝沒問題，應(yīng)該這樣，甚至更糟。 面對現(xiàn)實(shí)：您將編寫很多錯誤的代碼。 而且您將不得不不時地重寫它。 這是不可避免的，并且是過程的一部分。 審核您的代碼，以及是否必須更改某些內(nèi)容—請進(jìn)行更改。

9.不要讓比您更有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人來檢查您的代碼 (9. Not letting your code be reviewed by anyone more experienced than you)

When you’re learning to play a musical instrument you barely wish to show anyone your sluggish finger movements. The same goes for code — until it’s perfect, you don’t want to show it to anyone. It’s common that beginner developers don’t ask for help and refuse to seek advice. You can only imagine how much longer and harder their learning path becomes because of this.

當(dāng)您學(xué)習(xí)彈奏樂器時，您幾乎不希望向任何人展示您緩慢的手指運(yùn)動。 代碼也是如此—直到完美為止，您不想將其展示給任何人。 初學(xué)者通常不尋求幫助而拒絕尋求建議是很常見的。 您只能想象因此而導(dǎo)致他們的學(xué)習(xí)道路變得越來越艱辛。

Ask for reviews of your code from someone who’s been there before. Go to the professional communities and forums (f.e. Stack Overflow, CodeProject or CodeGym forum), to your tutors if you are a student, and discuss it with your fellows. You will get a different perspective on resolving the same problem. And more than that, you will learn better and faster, as you also gain knowledge from experienced developers. By the way, there is a nice after-effect: you will be able to share your knowledge with the next newcomers to the profession, which is also quite rewarding.

要求曾經(jīng)去過那里的人對您的代碼進(jìn)行審查。 如果您是學(xué)生，請轉(zhuǎn)至專業(yè)社區(qū)和論壇(例如Stack Overflow ， CodeProject或CodeGym論壇 )，并與您的導(dǎo)師聯(lián)系，并與其他人討論。 您將對解決同一問題有不同的看法。 不僅如此，您還將學(xué)得更好，更快，因?yàn)槟€會從經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的開發(fā)人員那里獲得知識。 順便說一句，有一個很好的后效應(yīng)：您將能夠與該行業(yè)的下一個新手分享您的知識，這也是非常有益的。

結(jié)語 (Wrap Up)

It does require time and effort to learn to program. But you don’t have to complicate the process with the mistakes every newbie programmer makes. If you only read and don’t start practicing, if you never let others review your code, if you don’t acquire a problem-solving approach, it will take ages for you to become a professional. And remember, the very worst thing you can do is never even start learning — or give up after the first failure.

確實(shí)需要時間和精力來學(xué)習(xí)編程。 但是您不必使每個新手程序員都會犯的錯誤使過程復(fù)雜化。 如果您只閱讀并且不開始練習(xí)，或者您從不讓其他人審閱您的代碼，或者您沒有獲得解決問題的方法，那么成為專業(yè)人士將需要很長時間。 請記住，最糟糕的事情是永遠(yuǎn)不要開始學(xué)習(xí)，或者在第一次失敗后就放棄。

Stay strong! Mistakes and flops are part of the process. Don’t get discouraged every time you do something wrong. The most important part is that you learn regularly and improve your skills eventually. Start right now, and good luck to you!

堅(jiān)強(qiáng)點(diǎn)！ 錯誤和失敗是過程的一部分。 每次做錯事情時，不要?dú)鈊isc。 最重要的部分是您要定期學(xué)習(xí)并最終提高技能。 立即開始，祝您好運(yùn)！

翻譯自: https://levelup.gitconnected.com/newbie-programmers-mistakes-and-how-to-avoid-them-f39a94bf753b

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