x86-64的開機順序是

UEFI->grub2->kernel->rootfs

本系統使用一個8G U盤做主硬盤，

UEFI, grub2, kernel在第一分區，格式為fat，大小為1G。

rootfs在第二分區，格式為EXT4分區，大小為2G。

為U盤建立GPT分區表

$ sudo gdisk /dev/sdb

Command (? for help): o

Command (? for help): w

Do you want to proceed? (Y/N): y

創建第一分區

$ sudo gdisk /dev/sdb

Command (? for help): n

Partition number (1-128, default 1):

First sector (34-16367582, default = 2048) or {+-}size{KMGTP}:

Last sector (2048-16367582, default = 16367582) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: +1G

Current type is 'Linux filesystem'

Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300): ef00

Changed type of partition to 'EFI System'

創建第二分區

Command (? for help): n

Partition number (2-128, default 2): 2

First sector (34-16367582, default = 2099200) or {+-}size{KMGTP}:

Last sector (2099200-16367582, default = 16367582) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: +2G

Current type is 'Linux filesystem'

Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300):

Changed type of partition to 'Linux filesystem'

寫入GPT分區表

Command (? for help): w

$ ls /dev/ | grep sdb

sdb

sdb1

sdb2

OK，兩個分區出來了。

格式化兩個分區

$ sudo mkfs.vfat -F32 -n GRUB2EFI /dev/sdb1

$ sudo mkfs.ext4 -L ROOTFS /dev/sdb2

拔掉U盤重新插，只會自動掛載ROOTFS這個分區

掛載第一分區

sudo mount -t vfat /dev/sdb1 /mnt -o uid=1000,gid=1000,umask=022

把ubuntu安裝光盤鏡像掛載，拷貝boot和EFI文件夾到/mnt

把boot/grub/grub.cfg里面的選項改為

menuentry "Mylinux4.17.11" {

linux? ? ? ? /linux4.17.11/vmlinuz4.17.11 boot=/dev/sda2 rootwait ---

}

編譯linux 4.17.11并將內核鏡像拷到/mnt/linux1.17.11文件夾，命名為vmlinuz4.17.11

在ROOTFS分區創建以下腳本并運行

#!/bin/bash

echo "--------Create root,dev....----------"

mkdir root dev etc boot tmp var sys proc lib mnt home usr

mkdir etc/init.d etc/rc.d etc/sysconfig

mkdir usr/lib usr/modules

echo "make node in dev/console dev/null"

sudo mknod -m 600 dev/console c 5 1

sudo mknod -m 600 dev/null??c 1 3

mkdir dev/pts -p

# mkdir mnt/etc mnt/jffs2 mnt/yaffs mnt/data mnt/temp

mkdir var/lib var/lock var/run var/tmp??var/log

chmod 1777 tmp

chmod 1777 var/tmp

# create etc config /etc/inittab

echo -e "::sysinit:/etc/init.d/rcS " >etc/inittab

echo -e "::askfirst:-/bin/sh " >>etc/inittab

echo -e "::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/reboot " >>etc/inittab

echo -e "::shutdown:/bin/umount -a -r " >>etc/inittab

# create etc config /etc/init.d/rcs

echo -e "#! /bin/sh " >etc/init.d/rcS

echo -e "mount -t sysfs none /sys " >>etc/init.d/rcS

echo -e "mount -t proc none /proc " >>etc/init.d/rcS

echo -e "mount -t tmpfs tmpfs /tmp" >>etc/init.d/rcS

echo -e "/bin/hostname -F /etc/sysconfig/HOSTNAME " >>etc/init.d/rcS

echo -e "mdev -s " >>etc/init.d/rcS

chmod +x etc/init.d/rcS

# create etc config /etc/fstab

echo -e "proc? ?? ? /proc? ?? ? proc? ?? ???defaults 0 0 " >etc/fstab

echo -e "sysfs? ?? ?/sys? ?? ???sysfs? ?? ? defaults 0 0 " >>etc/fstab

echo -e "devtmpfs? ?/dev? ?? ???devtmpfs? ? defaults 0 0 " >>etc/fstab

echo -e "tmpfs? ?? ?/tmp? ?? ???tmpfs? ?? ? defaults 0 0 " >>etc/fstab

echo -e "tmpfs? ?? ?/var? ?? ???tmpfs? ?? ? defaults 0 0 " >>etc/fstab

echo -e "none? ?? ? /dev/pts? ? devpts? ?? ?defaults 0 0 " >>etc/fstab

# create etc config /etc/group

echo -e "root:x:0: " >etc/group

# create etc config /etc/passwd

echo -e "root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/sh " >etc/passwd

# create etc config /etc/profile

echo -e "PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin? ?" >etc/profile

echo -e "export PATH " >>etc/profile

echo -e "#set hostname??" >>etc/profile

echo -e "HOSTNAME='/bin/hostname' " >>etc/profile

echo -e "export HOSTNAME " >>etc/profile

echo -e "# Set PS1 " >>etc/profile

echo -e "PS1='\u@\h:\w\\$ ' " >>etc/profile

echo -e "export PS1 " >>etc/profile

# create etc config /etc/sysconfig/HOSTNAME

echo -e "hostname " >etc/sysconfig/HOSTNAME

echo "-------make direction done---------"

編譯busybox-1.29.3，也拷貝到ROOTFS分區。

end

最后，十分感謝老司機??dr2001??帶路

總結

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