文章目錄

• • 前景提要
  • 什么是Clonezilla
  • Clonezilla的特點
  • Clonezilla的限制
  • Clonezilla Live下載
  • 把Clonezilla Live設置到U盤

前景提要

最近公司又要大批量安裝電腦了， 幾十上百臺的電腦， Linux環境依賴一大堆， 不可能一個電腦一個電腦的聯網裝環境， 這就要用到免費開源的Clonezilla了。 不論電腦系統是Windows的還是Ubuntu的, 在一臺電腦安裝好系統配置好環境以后, 都可以用Clonezilla克隆整個系統, 放到U盤里面, 可以安裝到 同等配置 的其他電腦里面去.

什么是Clonezilla

Clonezilla官網 介紹如下:

What is Clonezilla?
Clonezilla is a partition and disk imaging/cloning program similar to True Image? or Norton Ghost?. It helps you to do system deployment, bare metal backup and recovery. Three types of Clonezilla are available, Clonezilla live, Clonezilla lite server, and Clonezilla SE (server edition). Clonezilla live is suitable for single machine backup and restore. While Clonezilla lite server or SE is for massive deployment, it can clone many (40 plus!) computers simultaneously. Clonezilla saves and restores only used blocks in the hard disk. This increases the clone efficiency. With some high-end hardware in a 42-node cluster, a multicast restoring at rate 8 GB/min was reported.

這里我們用到的是 Clonezilla live, Clonezilla Live is a small bootable GNU/Linux distribution for x86/amd64 (x86-64) based computers.

Clonezilla的特點

Features:
Many File systems are supported: (1) ext2, ext3, ext4, reiserfs, reiser4, xfs, jfs, btrfs, f2fs and nilfs2 of GNU/Linux, (2) FAT12, FAT16, FAT32, NTFS of MS Windows, (3) HFS+ of Mac OS, (4) UFS of FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD, (5) minix of Minix, and (6) VMFS3 and VMFS5 of VMWare ESX. Therefore you can clone GNU/Linux, MS windows, Intel-based Mac OS, FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD, Minix, VMWare ESX and Chrome OS/Chromium OS, no matter it’s 32-bit (x86) or 64-bit (x86-64) OS. For these file systems, only used blocks in partition are saved and restored by Partclone. For unsupported file system, sector-to-sector copy is done by dd in Clonezilla.
LVM2 (LVM version 1 is not) under GNU/Linux is supported.
Boot loader, including grub (version 1 and version 2) and syslinux, could be reinstalled.
Both MBR and GPT partition formats of hard drive are supported. Clonezilla live also can be booted on a BIOS or uEFI machine.
Unattended mode is supported. Almost all steps can be done via commands and options. You can also use a lot of boot parameters to customize your own imaging and cloning.
One image restoring to multiple local devices is supported.
Image could be encrypted. This is done with ecryptfs, a POSIX-compliant enterprise cryptographic stacked filesystem.
Multicast is supported in Clonezilla SE, which is suitable for massive clone. You can also remotely use it to save or restore a bunch of computers if PXE and Wake-on-LAN are supported in your clients.
Bittorrent (BT) is supported in Clonezilla lite server, which is suitable for massive clone. The job for BT mode is done by Ezio.
The image file can be on local disk, ssh server, samba server, NFS server or WebDAV server.
AES-256 encryption could be used to secures data access, storage and transfer.
Based on Partclone (default), Partimage (optional), ntfsclone (optional), or dd to image or clone a partition. However, Clonezilla, containing some other programs, can save and restore not only partitions, but also a whole disk.
By using another free software drbl-winroll, which is also developed by us, the hostname, group, and SID of cloned MS windows machine can be automatically changed.

可以看出支持的系統(Linux, Windows, macOS…)和啟動方式還是很多的, 這里我主要用于Ubuntu 16系統環境的克隆.

Clonezilla的限制

Limitations:
The destination partition must be equal or larger than the source one.
Differential/incremental backup is not implemented yet.
Online imaging/cloning is not implemented yet. The partition to be imaged or cloned has to be unmounted.
Due to the image format limitation, the image can not be explored or mounted. You can NOT recovery single file from the image. However, you still have workaround to make it, read this.
Recovery Clonezilla live with multiple CDs or DVDs is not implemented yet. Now all the files have to be in one CD or DVD if you choose to create the recovery iso file.

安裝的分區要等于或大于源分區, 意思是 如果用512G的盤配置的系統環境, 克隆后只能裝到512G及以上大小的磁盤, 哪怕是500G的磁盤都不能安裝?

不支持增量備份, 也不支持在線備份.

Clonezilla Live下載

https://clonezilla.org/downloads.php

用下載工具(如Windows的EagleGet)下載還是特別快的, 速度可以上M. 文件名 clonezilla-live-20190903-disco-amd64.zip , 大小285.2MB.

把Clonezilla Live設置到U盤

Windows或者Linux系統的設置方法都可以在這里面找到: https://clonezilla.org/liveusb.php

這里以Win10為例, 工具和方法還是蠻多的:

我用的是Tuxboot, 下載鏈接: https://tuxboot.org/download/.

插入U盤, 打開Tuxboot, 選擇預下載, 找到上面下載的285.2MB的 clonezilla-live-20190903-disco-amd64.zip, Driver里面選擇U盤盤符, 點擊OK就可以開始制作了:

完成后:

X掉即可.

到此, 我們就把Clonezilla Live設置到U盤里了, 接下來就可以克隆系統了.

總結

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