oracle分区表导入数据,Oracle 分区表数据的导入与导出（2）
5.導入整個表
SQL> truncate table tb_pt;--首先truncate整個表
Table truncated.
SQL>ho imp scott/tiger tables=tb_pt file='/u02/dmp/tb_pt.dmp' ignore=y indexes=y
Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Mar 9 13:57:10 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
Data Mining and Real Application Testing o
Export file created by EXPORT:V11.02.00 via conventional path
import done in US7ASCII character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set
import server uses ZHS16GBK character set (possible charset conversion)
. importing SCOTT's objects into SCOTT
. importing SCOTT's objects into SCOTT
. . importing partition"TB_PT":"SAL_11"298 rows imported
. . importing partition"TB_PT":"SAL_12"366 rows imported
. . importing partition"TB_PT":"SAL_13" 365 rows imported
. . importing partition"TB_PT":"SAL_14"365 rows imported
. . importing partition"TB_PT":"SAL_15"365 rows imported
. . importing partition"TB_PT":"SAL_16"366 rows imported
. . importing partition"TB_PT":"SAL_OTHER"2875 rows imported
Import terminated successfully without warnings.
SQL> select count(1) from tb_pt partition(sal_other);
COUNT(1)
----------
2875
四、使用expdp/impdb來實現分區表的導入導出
1.查看導入導出的目錄設置
SQL> select directory_name,directory_path from dba_directories where directory_name='DMP';
DIRECTORY_NAMEDIRECTORY_PATH
------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------
DMP/u02/dmp
2.為分區表創建一個本地索引
create index tb_pt_local_idx
on tb_pt(sal_id)
local
(partition local1,
partition local2,
partition local3,
partition local4,
partition local5,
partition local6,
partition local7)
;
3.導出整個表
[oracle@node1 ~]$expdp scott/tiger directory=dmp dumpfile=tb_pt.dmp logfile=tb_pb.log tables=tb_pt parallel=3
Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Mar 9 14:04:28 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
Starting "SCOTT"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01":scott/******** directory=dmp dumpfile=tb_pt.dmp logfile=tb_pb.log tables=
tb_pt parallel=3
Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 512 KB
. . exported "SCOTT"."TB_PT":"SAL_OTHER"71.63 KB2875 rows
. . exported "SCOTT"."TB_PT":"SAL_11"12.54 KB298 rows
. . exported "SCOTT"."TB_PT":"SAL_12"14.22 KB366 rows
. . exported "SCOTT"."TB_PT":"SAL_13"14.18 KB365 rows
. . exported "SCOTT"."TB_PT":"SAL_14"14.18 KB365 rows
. . exported "SCOTT"."TB_PT":"SAL_15"14.19 KB365 rows
. . exported "SCOTT"."TB_PT":"SAL_16"14.23 KB366 rows
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/GRANT/OWNER_GRANT/OBJECT_GRANT
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS
Master table "SCOTT"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully loaded/unloaded
******************************************************************************
Dump file set for SCOTT.SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01 is:
/u02/dmp/tb_pt.dmp
Job "SCOTT"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully completed at 14:04:51
4.導出多個分區
[oracle@node1 ~]$ expdp scott/tiger directory=dmp dumpfile=tb_pts.dmp logfile=tb_pt.log /
> tables=(tb_pt:sal_16,tb_pt:sal_other) parallel=2
Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Mar 9 14:08:06 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
Starting "SCOTT"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01":scott/******** directory=dmp dumpfile=tb_pts.dmp logfile=tb_pt.log
tables=(tb_pt:sal_16,tb_pt:sal_other) parallel=2--*/
Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 192 KB
. . exported "SCOTT"."TB_PT":"SAL_OTHER"71.63 KB2875 rows
. . exported "SCOTT"."TB_PT":"SAL_16"14.23 KB366 rows
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/GRANT/OWNER_GRANT/OBJECT_GRANT
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS
Master table "SCOTT"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully loaded/unloaded
******************************************************************************
Dump file set for SCOTT.SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01 is:
/u02/dmp/tb_pts.dmp
Job "SCOTT"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully completed at 14:08:17
5.截斷分區sal_other
SQL> alter table tb_pt truncate partition(sal_other);
Table truncated.
SQL> select count(*) from tb_pt partition(sal_other);
COUNT(*)
----------
0
SQL> select index_name,status,partitioned from dba_indexes where table_name='TB_PT'; --查看索引的狀態,TB_PT_IND1不可用
INDEX_NAMESTATUSPAR
------------------------------ -------- ---
TB_PT_IND1UNUSABLE NO
TB_PT_LOCAL_IDXN/AYES
SQL> select index_name ,partition_name, status from dba_ind_partitions where index_owner='SCOTT';
INDEX_NAMEPARTITION_NAMESTATUS
------------------------------ ------------------------------ --------
TB_PT_LOCAL_IDXLOCAL1USABLE
TB_PT_LOCAL_IDXLOCAL2USABLE
TB_PT_LOCAL_IDXLOCAL3USABLE
TB_PT_LOCAL_IDXLOCAL4USABLE
TB_PT_LOCAL_IDXLOCAL5USABLE
TB_PT_LOCAL_IDXLOCAL6USABLE
TB_PT_LOCAL_IDXLOCAL7USABLE
6.導入單個分區
[oracle@node1 ~]$impdp scott/tiger directory=dmp dumpfile=tb_pts.dmp logfile=tb_pt_imp.log /
> tables=tb_pt:sal_other skip_unusable_indexes=y table_exists_action=replace
Import: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Mar 9 14:13:28 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
Master table "SCOTT"."SYS_IMPORT_TABLE_01" successfully loaded/unloaded
Starting "SCOTT"."SYS_IMPORT_TABLE_01":scott/******** directory=dmp dumpfile=tb_pts.dmp logfile=tb_pt_imp.log
tables=tb_pt:sal_other skip_unusable_indexes=y table_exists_action=replace--*/
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
. . imported "SCOTT"."TB_PT":"SAL_OTHER"71.63 KB2875 rows
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/GRANT/OWNER_GRANT/OBJECT_GRANT
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS
Job "SCOTT"."SYS_IMPORT_TABLE_01" successfully completed at 14:13:33
SQL> select index_name,status,partitioned from dba_indexes where table_name='TB_PT';
INDEX_NAMESTATUSPAR
------------------------------ -------- ---
TB_PT_IND1VALIDNO
TB_PT_LOCAL_IDXN/AYES
從上面的導入情況可以看出，盡管執行了truncate partition，然而使用impdp導入工具，并且使用參數table_exists_action=replace
可以避免使用imp導入時唯一和主鍵索引需要重建的問題。注意，如果沒有使用table_exists_action=replace參數，將會收到ORA-39151
錯誤，如下
ORA-39151: Table "SCOTT"."TB_PT" exists. All dependent metadata and data will be skipped due to
table_exists_action of skip
7.導入整個表
[oracle@node1 ~]$ impdp scott/tiger directory=dmp dumpfile=tb_pt.dmp logfile=tb_pt_fullimp.log /
> tables=tb_pt skip_unusable_indexes=y table_exists_action=replace
Import: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Mar 9 14:17:35 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
Master table "SCOTT"."SYS_IMPORT_TABLE_01" successfully loaded/unloaded
Starting "SCOTT"."SYS_IMPORT_TABLE_01":scott/******** directory=dmp dumpfile=tb_pt.dmp logfile=tb_pt_fullimp.log
tables=tb_pt skip_unusable_indexes=y table_exists_action=replace--*/
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
. . imported "SCOTT"."TB_PT":"SAL_OTHER"71.63 KB2875 rows
. . imported "SCOTT"."TB_PT":"SAL_11"12.54 KB298 rows
. . imported "SCOTT"."TB_PT":"SAL_12"14.22 KB366 rows
. . imported "SCOTT"."TB_PT":"SAL_13"14.18 KB365 rows
. . imported "SCOTT"."TB_PT":"SAL_14"14.18 KB365 rows
. . imported "SCOTT"."TB_PT":"SAL_15"14.19 KB365 rows
. . imported "SCOTT"."TB_PT":"SAL_16"14.23 KB366 rows
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/GRANT/OWNER_GRANT/OBJECT_GRANT
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS
Job "SCOTT"."SYS_IMPORT_TABLE_01" successfully completed at 14:17:40
五、參數skip_unusable_indexes的作用
SQL> show parameter skip
NAMETYPEVALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
skip_unusable_indexesbooleanTRUE
該參數允許在導入分區數據時延遲對索引的處理，即先將數據導入，導入后再來重建索引分區。
在命令行導入中未指定導入參數skip_unusable_indexes時，則對于索引相關的問題，根據數據庫初始化參數的值來確定。
在命令行導入中如果指定了參數skip_unusable_indexes時，則該參數的值優先于數據庫初始化參數的設定值。
skip_unusable_indexes=y對unique index不起作用，因為此時的unique index扮演者constraint的作用，所以在insert數據時index必須被
更新。
對于單個分區導入時PK，unique index的處理，必須先重建索引然后進行導入。
使用impdp數據泵實現導入并使用參數table_exists_action=replace可以解決上述問題，即ORA-01502錯誤。
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