目錄
文檔用途
詳細信息

文檔用途
本文主要用于介紹如何使用copy或者\copy命令將瀚高數據庫內表的數據導出為excel格式，方便用戶查看。

詳細信息

copy命令同\copy命令語法上相同，區別在于copy必須使用能夠超級用戶使用,copy … to file 中的文件都是數據庫服務器所在的服務器上的文件，而\copy 一般用戶即可執行且\copy 保存或者讀取的文件是在客戶端所在的服務器，本文主要以copy命令作為介紹重點，使用copy命令將表內數據倒為csv格式文件即為excel格式。

1、copy命令語法

COPY { 表名 [ ( 列名稱 [, …] ) ] | ( 查詢 ) }

TO { '文件名' | PROGRAM '命令' | STDOUT }[ [ WITH ] ( 選項 [, ...] ) ]

選項可以是下列內容之一:

FORMAT 格式_名稱FREEZE [ 布爾 ]DELIMITER '分隔字符'NULL '空字符串'HEADER [ 布爾 ]QUOTE '引用字符'ESCAPE '轉義字符'FORCE_QUOTE { ( 列名稱 [, ...] ) | * }FORCE_NOT_NULL ( 列名稱 [, ...] )FORCE_NULL ( 列名稱 [, ...] )ENCODING 'encoding_name(編碼名)'

2、使用介紹

①查看現有表數據

highgo=# select * from test;user_id | user_name | age | gender | remark ---------+---------------+-----+--------+----------------------------------------------1 | Jackie Chan | 45 | male | "police story","project A","rush hour"3 | Brigitte Li | 46 | female | 4 | Maggie Cheung | 39 | female | 5 | Jet Li | 41 | male | "Fist of Legend","Once Upon a Time in China"2 | Gong Li | 38 | female | "Farewell My Concubine","Lifetimes Living(5 行記錄)

②帶列名導出，默認情況下使用，作為分隔符

highgo=# copy test to '/tmp/test1.csv' with csv header;COPY 5highgo=# \! cat /tmp/test1.csvuser_id,user_name,age,gender,remark1,Jackie Chan,45,male,"""police story"",""project A"",""rush hour"""3,Brigitte Li,46,female,4,Maggie Cheung,39,female,5,Jet Li,41,male,"""Fist of Legend"",""Once Upon a Time in China"""2,Gong Li,38,female,"""Farewell My Concubine"",""Lifetimes Living"

③帶列名導出，指定使用|作為分隔符

highgo=# copy test to '/tmp/test1.csv' with csv header DELIMITER '|'; COPY 5highgo=# \! cat /tmp/test1.csvuser_id|user_name|age|gender|remark1|Jackie Chan|45|male|"""police story"",""project A"",""rush hour"""3|Brigitte Li|46|female|4|Maggie Cheung|39|female|5|Jet Li|41|male|"""Fist of Legend"",""Once Upon a Time in China"""2|Gong Li|38|female|"""Farewell My Concubine"",""Lifetimes Living"

④帶列名導出，將空字符替換為指定值導出

highgo=# copy test to '/tmp/test1.csv' with csv header null 'to be supplemented';COPY 5highgo=# \! cat /tmp/test1.csvuser_id,user_name,age,gender,remark1,Jackie Chan,45,male,"""police story"",""project A"",""rush hour"""3,Brigitte Li,46,female,to be supplemented4,Maggie Cheung,39,female,to be supplemented5,Jet Li,41,male,"""Fist of Legend"",""Once Upon a Time in China"""2,Gong Li,38,female,"""Farewell My Concubine"",""Lifetimes Living"

總結

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