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地址：https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/qa/qa1686/_index.html
Q:? How are the icon files in my application bundle used on iPad and iPhone?
A:?Below are guidelines for handling icon files for iPhone-only apps, iPad-only apps, and universal apps.
If you don't provide artwork for one of the listed optional icons, the system will automatically scale one of your existing icon images to an appropriate size. It is strongly recommended that your application include artwork for all the icons listed, at the specific sizes needed.
Prior to iOS 3.2, icon images were required to follow a strict naming convention. These legacy names are still listed in the tables below along with example names for the more recent icons. Except for?iTunesArtwork, icon images included in your app can have arbitrary names.
Note:?iOS ignores the PPI (Pixels Per Inch) of icon images. You may author your icon images at any PPI but their width and height, as measured in pixels, must match the values in the tables below.
Important:?iTunesArtwork icon images should be in png format, but name them without the .png extension.
Icons for iPhone-only Apps
iPhone-only applications use the following icons. Items marked with "Required" must be included.
Note:?You should include images for the iPad-specific icons even if your app is not a universal app. If available, they will be used when the app is installed on an iPad.
| 512x512 | iTunesArtwork | App list in iTunes | Do not include | Optional but recommended |
| 1024x1024 | iTunesArtwork@2x | App list in iTunes on devices with retina display | Do not include | Optional but recommended |
| 120x120 | Icon-60@2x.png | Home screen on iPhone/iPod Touch with retina display | Required | Required |
| 180x180 | Icon-60@3x.png | Home screen on iPhone 6 Plus | Optional but recommended | Optional but recommended |
| 76x76 | Icon-76.png | Home screen on iPad | Optional but recommended | Optional but recommended |
| 152x152 | Icon-76@2x.png | Home screen on iPad with retina display | Optional but recommended | Optional but recommended |
| 40x40 | Icon-Small-40.png | Spotlight | Optional but recommended | Optional but recommended |
| 80x80 | Icon-Small-40@2x.png | Spotlight on devices with retina display | Optional but recommended | Optional but recommended |
| 120x120 | Icon-Small-40@3x.png | Spotlight on iPhone 6 Plus | Optional but recommended | Optional but recommended |
| 29x29 | Icon-Small.png | Settings | Recommended if you have a Settings bundle, optional otherwise | Recommended if you have a Settings bundle, optional otherwise |
| 58x58 | Icon-Small@2x.png | Settings on devices with retina display | Recommended if you have a Settings bundle, optional otherwise | Recommended if you have a Settings bundle, optional otherwise |
| 87x87 | Icon-Small@3x.png | Settings on iPhone 6 Plus | Recommended if you have a Settings bundle, optional otherwise | Recommended if you have a Settings bundle, optional otherwise |
In addition to the above icons, iPhone-only applications with a deployment target of iOS 6.1 or earlier use the following icons. Items marked with "Required" must be included if the application's deployment target is iOS 6.1 or earlier.
| 57x57 | Icon.png | Home screen on iPhone/iPod touch (iOS 6.1 and earlier) | Required | Required |
| 114x114 | Icon@2x.png | Home screen on iPhone/iPod Touch with retina display (iOS 6.1 and earlier) | Optional but recommended | Optional but recommended |
| 72x72 | Icon-72.png | Home screen on iPad (iOS 6.1 and earlier) | Optional but recommended | Optional but recommended |
| 144x144 | Icon-72@2x.png | Home screen on iPad with retina display (iOS 6.1 and earlier) | Optional but recommended | Optional but recommended |
| 29x29 | Icon-Small.png | Spotlight on iPhone/iPod Touch (iOS 6.1 and earlier) and Settings | Recommended if you have a Settings bundle, otherwise optional but recommended | Recommended if you have a Settings bundle, otherwise optional but recommended |
| 58x58 | Icon-Small@2x.png | Spotlight on iPhone/iPod Touch with retina display (iOS 6.1 and earlier) and Settings on devices with retina display | Recommended if you have a Settings bundle, otherwise optional but recommended | Recommended if you have a Settings bundle, otherwise optional but recommended |
| 50x50 | Icon-Small-50.png | Spotlight on iPad (iOS 6.1 and earlier) | Optional but recommended | Optional but recommended |
| 100x100 | Icon-Small-50@2x.png | Spotlight on iPad with retina display (iOS 6.1 and earlier) | Optional but recommended | Optional but recommended |
You can include distinct images for the iPhone and iPad icons in categories where the required sizes are equivalent, for example, Settings.
Back to TopIcons for iPad-only Apps
iPad-only applications use the following icons. Items marked with "Required" must be included.
| 512x512 | iTunesArtwork | Ad Hoc iTunes | Do not include | Optional but recommended |
| 1024x1024 | iTunesArtwork@2x | Ad Hoc iTunes on devices with retina display | Do not include | Optional but recommended |
| 76x76 | Icon-76.png | Home screen on iPad | Required | Required |
| 152x152 | Icon-76@2x.png | Home screen on iPad with retina display | Optional but recommended | Optional but recommended |
| 40x40 | Icon-Small-40.png | Spotlight on iPad | Optional but recommended | Optional but recommended |
| 80x80 | Icon-Small-40@2x.png | Spotlight on iPad with retina display | Optional but recommended | Optional but recommended |
| 29x29 | Icon-Small.png | Settings on iPad | Recommended if you have a Settings bundle, otherwise optional but recommended | Recommended if you have a Settings bundle, otherwise optional but recommended |
| 58x58 | Icon-Small@2x.png | Settings on iPad with retina display | Recommended if you have a Settings bundle, otherwise optional but recommended | Recommended if you have a Settings bundle, otherwise optional but recommended |
In addition to the above icons, iPad-only applications with a deployment target of iOS 6.1 or earlier use the following icons. Items marked with "Required" must be included if the application's deployment target is iOS 6.1 or earlier.
| 72x72 | Icon-72.png | Home screen on iPad (iOS 6.1 and earlier) | Required | Required |
| 144x144 | Icon-72@2x.png | Home screen on iPad with retina display (iOS 6.1 and earlier) | Optional but recommended | Optional but recommended |
| 50x50 | Icon-Small-50.png | Spotlight on iPad (iOS 6.1 and earlier) | Optional but recommended | Optional but recommended |
| 100x100 | Icon-Small-50@2x.png | Spotlight on iPad with retina display (iOS 6.1 and earlier) | Optional but recommended | Optional but recommended |
Icons for Universal Apps
Universal applications use the following icons. Items marked with "Required" must be included.
| 512x512 | iTunesArtwork | App list in iTunes | Do not include | Optional but recommended |
| 1024x1024 | iTunesArtwork@2x | App list in iTunes for devices with retina display | Do not include | Optional but recommended |
| 120x120 | Icon-60@2x.png | Home screen on iPhone/iPod Touch with retina display | Required | Required |
| 180x180 | Icon-60@3x.png | Home screen on iPhone 6 Plus | Optional but recommended | Optional but recommended |
| 76x76 | Icon-76.png | Home screen on iPad | Required | Required |
| 152x152 | Icon-76@2x.png | Home screen on iPad with retina display | Optional but recommended | Optional but recommended |
| 40x40 | Icon-Small-40.png | Spotlight | Optional but recommended | Optional but recommended |
| 80x80 | Icon-Small-40@2x.png | Spotlight on devices with retina display | Optional but recommended | Optional but recommended |
| 120x120 | Icon-Small-40@3x.png | Spotlight on iPhone 6 Plus | Optional but recommended | Optional but recommended |
| 29x29 | Icon-Small.png | Settings | Recommended if you have a Settings bundle, optional otherwise | Recommended if you have a Settings bundle, optional otherwise |
| 58x58 | Icon-Small@2x.png | Settings on devices with retina display | Recommended if you have a Settings bundle, optional otherwise | Recommended if you have a Settings bundle, optional otherwise |
| 87x87 | Icon-Small@2x.png | Settings on iPhone 6 Plus | Recommended if you have a Settings bundle, optional otherwise | Recommended if you have a Settings bundle, optional otherwise |
In addition to the above icons, universal applications with a deployment target of iOS 6.1 or earlier use the following icons. Items marked with "Required" must be included if the application's deployment target is iOS 6.1 or earlier.
| 57x57 | Icon.png | Home screen on iPhone/iPod touch (iOS 6.1 and earlier) | Required | Required |
| 114x114 | Icon@2x.png | Home screen on iPhone/iPod Touch with retina display (iOS 6.1 and earlier) | Optional but recommended | Optional but recommended |
| 72x72 | Icon-72.png | Home screen on iPad (iOS 6.1 and earlier) | Required | Required |
| 144x144 | Icon-72@2x.png | Home screen on iPad with retina display (iOS 6.1 and earlier) | Optional but recommended | Optional but recommended |
| 29x29 | Icon-Small.png | Spotlight on iPhone/iPod Touch (iOS 6.1 and earlier) and Settings | Recommended if you have a Settings bundle, otherwise optional but recommended | Recommended if you have a Settings bundle, otherwise optional but recommended |
| 58x58 | Icon-Small@2x.png | Spotlight on iPhone/iPod Touch with retina display (iOS 6.1 and earlier) and Settings on devices with retina display | Recommended if you have a Settings bundle, otherwise optional but recommended | Recommended if you have a Settings bundle, otherwise optional but recommended |
| 50x50 | Icon-Small-50.png | Spotlight on iPad (iOS 6.1 and earlier) | Optional but recommended | Optional but recommended |
| 100x100 | Icon-Small-50@2x.png | Spotlight on iPad with retina display (iOS 6.1 and earlier) | Optional but recommended | Optional but recommended |
You can include distinct images for the iPhone and iPad icons in categories where the required sizes are equivalent, for example, Settings.
Back to TopAdding Icons to Your App
Asset catalogs are the preferred way to manage your application's icons. New projects are configured to use asset catalogs by default.?Migrating an App Icon Set or Launch Image Set?in the Asset Catalog Help describes how to migrate an existing project to use asset catalogs. If your application must support iOS 4.3, or you prefer not to use asset catalogs, you can manually configure your application's icons by editing the information property list for your application. See?Configuring Icons Without an Asset Catalog.
Adding Icon Images to an Asset Catalog
Select the asset catalog in the project navigator. It is named Images.xcassets by default.
From the left column of the editor, select the icon set. For new or migrated projects it will be named 'AppIcon'. You may need to create an icon set by clicking the (+) button in the bottom left of the editor and choosing 'New App Icon' from the context menu.
The set will only contain image wells for icons that are relevant depending upon your project's configuration at the time the asset catalog was created. If an image well is missing, expand the settings inspector and check the appropriate boxes under the App Icon pane depending upon your project's deployment target and supported devices.
Figure 2??Enable the necessary image wells under the App Icon pane of the settings inspector.Drag images from the Finder onto each image well to configure the associated icon.
Asset catalogs create a copy of images added to them. If you had previously added the images as resources to your project you can safely remove them.
Configure your app to use the new icon set.
Select the name of the project in the project navigator.
Select the name of your app from the list in the left column of the project editor.
Select the General tab at the top of the project editor.
Choose your icon set from the App Icons Source popup menu under the App Icons And Launch Images pane.
Configuring Icons Without an Asset Catalog
Follow the steps in the?Xcode Project Navigator Help?to add each icon image to your project as a resource.
Locate your application's information property list in the Xcode File Navigator. By default it will be named?<ProductName>-Info.plist, where?<ProductName>?is the name of your application. Right click it and choose Open As > Source Code.
The final step varies depending upon whether your app must support iOS 4.3.
If your application supports iOS 4.3 you must include the?CFBundleIconFiles?key to specify your application's icon images. The value for this key is an array of strings, each identifying an image in the bundle. If you have included images for the iPad-specific icons, you may either list them under the?CFBundleIconFiles?key, or you can list them under the device specificCFBundleIconFiles~ipad?key. iPad-only applications should list their icon images under the?CFBundleIconFiles?key.
Listing 1??Example configuration for a universal app with deployment target of iOS 4.3.
| <key>CFBundleIconFiles</key> |
| <array> |
| <string>Icon-Small</string> |
| <string>Icon-Small-40</string> |
| <string>Icon-Small-50</string> |
| <string>Icon</string> |
| <string>Icon-60</string> |
| <string>Icon-72</string> |
| </array> |
| <key>CFBundleIconFiles~ipad</key> |
| <array> |
| <string>Icon-Small</string> |
| <string>Icon-Small-40</string> |
| <string>Icon-Small-50</string> |
| <string>Icon-72</string> |
| <string>Icon-76</string> |
| </array> |
If your application supports iOS 5.0 or above, you should include the?CFBundleIcons?key to specify your application's icon images. The value for this key is a dictionary with two child keys:CFBundlePrimaryIcon?and?UINewsstandIcon. The?UINewsstandIcon?key is for newsstand apps and can otherwise be omitted. The value for the?CFBundlePrimaryIcon?key is a dictionary that identifies the icon images associated with the app bundle. It may contain two child keys:?CFBundleIconFiles?and?UIPrerenderedIcon. The value for the?UIPrerenderedIcon?key is a boolean that specifies whether your icon files already incorporates a shine effect. The value for?CFBundleIconFiles?key is an array of strings, each identifying an image in the bundle.
Listing 2??Example configuration for a universal app with deployment target of iOS 5.0 or greater.
| <key>CFBundleIcons</key> |
| <dict> |
| <key>CFBundlePrimaryIcon</key> |
| <dict> |
| <key>CFBundleIconFiles</key> |
| <array> |
| <string>Icon-Small</string> |
| <string>Icon-Small-40</string> |
| <string>Icon-Small-50</string> |
| <string>Icon</string> |
| <string>Icon-60</string> |
| <string>Icon-72</string> |
| </array> |
| </dict> |
| </dict> |
| <key>CFBundleIcons~ipad</key> |
| <dict> |
| <key>CFBundlePrimaryIcon</key> |
| <dict> |
| <key>CFBundleIconFiles</key> |
| <array> |
| <string>Icon-Small</string> |
| <string>Icon-Small-40</string> |
| <string>Icon-Small-50</string> |
| <string>Icon-72</string> |
| <string>Icon-76</string> |
| </array> |
| </dict> |
| </dict> |
Important:?When specifying the name of each image, it is best to omit any extensions. Omitting the extension lets the system automatically detect high-resolution (@2x?or?@3x) variants of your image files using the standard-resolution image filename. If you include extensions, you must specify all image files (including the high-resolution variants) explicitly.
Back to TopTroubleshooting
This section describes common problems and how to fix them.
Note:?Before attempting further troubleshooting, perform a clean build of your application (Hold down the?Option?key and choose?Product > Clean Build Folder, then?Product > Buildfrom the Xcode menu bar) and remove the app from your test device or simulator. Build your app again and attempt to reproduce the problem. You may also try clearing the contents of Xcode's derived data folder (~/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/) before building again.
My application fails to validate
There are multiple icon-related problems that will result in your application failing validation by Xcode or iTunes Connect. The underlying issue depends upon the error.
Error: Invalid Image Path
Your application's information property list references one or more icon images that were not included in the compiled bundle.
If your application is using asset catalogs to manage its icons then the information property list should not include any icon related keys; they will be added at build time by the asset catalog compiler.
Open the information property list for your app's target. It can be found under the?Info?tab in the project editor or in the File Navigator where it will be named either?<ProductName>-Info.plist?or?Info.plist, where?<ProductName>?is the name of your app.
Remove the following keys, including device specific variations.
-
“Icon file” (CFBundleIconFile)
-
“Icon files” (CFBundleIconFiles)
-
CFBundleIcons
If your application is not using asset catalogs to manage its icons, one or more of the images listed under the?CFBundleIconFiles?key or the?CFBundleIcons?key in the information property list is not associated as a resource of your application, may not have been added to your project, or may have been accidentally removed from your project. Verify that all the images named by either of these keys is included in your project then follow the resolution steps listed under?My icons don't appear on the device?to verify that it is associated with your application.
Error: Missing required icon file
Your have not included artwork for one or more of the required icons, based on your app's supported devices and deployment target.
Refer to the tables above for the list of required icons. Verify that each of your icon images matches the size listed in the table.
If your application is not using asset catalogs to manage its icons, verify that all of your icon images are listed under the?CFBundleIconFiles?key or the?CFBundleIcons?key as described inConfiguring Icons Without an Asset Catalog. Remember that if you include filename extensions in the Information Property List, you must specify all image files (including the high-resolution variants) explicitly.
My icons don't appear on the device
If your project is using asset catalogs, your application may not be configured to use the correct icon set.
Select the name of the project in the project navigator.
Select the name of a target from the list in the left column of the project editor.
Select the General tab at the top of the project editor.
Verify that the name of the app icon set is selected in the Source menu under the App Icons section, as shown in?Figure 5.
If your project is not using asset catalogs to manage its icons, one or more of your icon images may not be associated with your app's target.
Select each of your icon images in the project navigator.
In the utility panel, check the box next to your app's target under the Target Membership pane as shown in?Figure 6.
Verify that your icon images use a supported color model. Images that do not use the RGB color model may appear correctly in Xcode but will fail to load on the device. If your icons include transparent areas, use your preferred graphics editing software to fill these areas with a solid color.
Some graphics software may produce images which load correctly in Xcode but fail to load on the device, resulting in a blank icon. Try exporting your icon images with a different graphics editor such as the built in Preview app.
A previous version of my icon appears on the device
Your testing device or simulator may have a partially outdated build. That is, Xcode failed to copy a modified resource to the app bundle it installed on the device as part of the build & run process. To force Xcode to copy the most recent resources from your project directory:
Remove the app from your testing device or simulator.
Clean the build directory. Hold down the?Option?key and choose?Product > Clean Build Folder, then?Product > Build?from the Xcode menu bar
Build and run your app.
If your project is using asset catalogs then you must replace the modified image in the asset catalog. Asset catalogs do not track files on disk, opting instead to make a copy of the image at the time it is added to the asset catalog.
My icon has a black background in the App Store
The Large App Icon you uploaded to iTunes Connect includes transparent areas. The?iTunes Connect Developer Guide?lists the complete requirements for the Large App Icon, including that it must be opaque.
You can use the Preview app to check your image for transparent areas, which will appear dark grey as shown in?Figure 7. Use your preferred graphics editing software to fill in the transparent areas with the desired background color.
Figure 7??Preview's dark grey canvas background is visible through transparent areas in an image.The wrong icon appears in the App Store
Your application bundle includes additional images which are being detected as valid icon images.
Note:?Different icon images from the application's bundle, and the large app icon, are displayed in various contexts within the App Store. For example, the incorrect icon image may appear in the search results but not on your application's landing page.
You may encounter this issue?if your icon images deviate from the naming convention shown in the?above tables. If your application bundle also contains once or more images that match the naming convention in the tables above, these images may be detected as valid icon images by the App Store. This may occur regardless of whether those images are included in the asset catalog or are referenced by the application's Information Property List. The solution is to rename or remove the images.
You may encounter this issue?when building an app using a third party development environment or if your project was created using a template project provided by a third party. Both will usually include a default set of icon images. If you fail to remove these images or replace?all?of them with your own artwork, the App Store may display them in the search results for your app. Like the iOS home screen, the icons displayed in the search results depend upon the current device. It is possible that the incorrect icon is shown in the search results on certain devices but not others.
The solution is to delete any instances of the template-provided icons that remain in your project and remove any references to the deleted files from the information property list. Due to the wide variety of ways in which iOS versions have allowed developers to specify app icons in the Information Property List, you may find it simpler and less error prone to remove all icon related keys from the Information Property List and then reconfigure your app's icons using the steps presented in?Adding Icons to Your App. See?Start Over.
Start Over
If the none of the above solutions resolve the problem, follow the steps below to remove all the icons and icon related configuration from your app. Then follow the steps in?Adding Icons to Your App?to re-configure the proper icons for your app.
Warning:?Make sure you have a backup of your icon artwork at a location outside of your project directory.
Remove the Icon Set From Your Asset Catalog
Select the asset catalog in the project navigator. It is named Images.xcassets by default.
In the left column of the editor, control click the icon set and choose?Remove Selected Items?from the context menu. By default the icon set will be named 'AppIcon'.
Remove Icon Images From Your Project
Using the Xcode file navigator, remove any icon images from your project your had previously added to your project as resources. Icon images usually have a file name beginning with 'Icon' or 'AppIcon'.
Remove Icon Related Keys From The Information Property List
Open the Information Property List for your application. It can be found under the?Info?tab in the project editor or in the navigator where it will be named either?YourApp-Info.plist?orInfo.plist.
Remove the following keys, including device specific variations.
-
“Icon file” (CFBundleIconFile)
-
“Icon files” (CFBundleIconFiles)
-
CFBundleIcons
Clean The Project
To remove any cached icons, clean your target. Choose?Product > Clean?from the menu bar.
Finally, follow the steps in?Adding Icons to Your App?to re-configure the proper icons for your app.
Back to TopAdditional Resources
For additional information, see the?App Icons?section in the iOS App Programming Guide.
For information about designing your application's icons, see the?App Icon?section of the iOS Human Interface Guidelines.
For an example project with properly configured icons, see the?Application Icons and Launch Images for iOS?sample code.
Back to TopDocument Revision History
| 2014-12-01 | Added iPhone 6 Plus icons. Further expanded the troubleshooting section. |
| ? | Added iPhone 6 Plus icons. Further expanded the troubleshooting section. |
| ? | Added iPhone 6 Plus icons. Further expanded the troubleshooting section. |
| 2014-05-19 | Added troubleshooting steps for incorrect icons appearing in the App Store search results. |
| 2014-02-03 | Updated for Xcode 5 and iOS 7. |
| 2013-07-18 | Added icon information for iPad with retina display. |
| 2011-07-14 | After iOS 4.3, order doesn't matter in the icon arrangement. Added links to related references. |
| 2010-07-14 | Fixed outdated "Add Icon files in Info.plist" section. |
| 2010-07-12 | Updated for iOS 4 requirements. |
| 2010-04-09 | New document that explains how the icon files in an application bundle are used on iPad and iPhone. |
Copyright ? 2014 Apple Inc. All Rights Reserved.?Terms of Use?|?Privacy Policy?| Updated: 2014-12-01
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