問題：U盤接入，系統可以識別，但在/dev目錄下只有sda(或其他)，卻無設備節點sda1(或其他)？

解決：

(1)查看U盤是否分區

#fdisk /dev/sda /*進入fdisk命令操作空間*/

#Command (m for help): m /*命令查看*/

Command action

a toggle a bootable flag #設置引導扇區

b edit bsd disklabel #編輯卷標(linux下使用的卷標bsd通用)

c toggle the dos compatibility flag

d delete a partition #刪除分區

l list known partition types #列出已知的分區類型

m print this menu

n add a new partition #添加一個新的分區

o create a new empty DOS partition table #生成一個新的空DOS分區列表

p print the partition table #打印分區列表

q quit without saving changes #不保存退出

s create a new empty Sun disklabel

t change a partition's system id #改變一個分區列表的ID

u change display/entry units

v verify the partition table

w write table to disk and exit #寫入列表到磁盤并退出

x extra functionality (experts only)

#Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sda: 8178 MB, 8178892800 bytes

252 heads, 62 sectors/track, 1022 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 15624 * 512 = 7999488 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /*可見U盤無分區*/

(2)若未分區，創建分區sda1，并格式化(也可以不進行格式化)

#fdisk /dev/sda

Command (m for help): m

Command Action

a toggle a bootable flag

b edit bsd disklabel

c toggle the dos compatibility flag

d delete a partition

l list known partition types

n add a new partition

o create a new empty DOS partition table

p print the partition table

q quit without saving changes

s create a new empty Sun disklabel

t change a partition's system id

u change display/entry units

v verify the partition table

w write table to disk and exit

x extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help): n /*n表示添加一個新的分區*/

Command action

e extended /*創建擴展分區*/

p primary partition (1-4) /*創建主分區*/

p

Partition number (1-4): 1 /*輸入主分區號，這里設置為1*/

First cylinder (1-1022, default 1): Using default value 1 /*起始，回車使用默認值*/

Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-1022, default 1022): Using default value 1022 /*結尾，回車使用默認值*/

Command (m for help): p /*p表示打印分區列表*/

Disk /dev/sda: 8178 MB, 8178892800 bytes

252 heads, 62 sectors/track, 1022 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 15624 * 512 = 7999488 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /*可見sda1分區已創建*/

/dev/sda1 1 1022 7983833 83 Linux

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered.

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table

#mkfs -t vfat /dev/sda1 /*對sda1進行格式化(也可以不進行這一步)*/

mkfs.vfat 3.0.12 (29 Oct 2011)

mkfs.vfat: /dev/sda1 contains a mounted file system.

#fsck -t vfat /dev/sda /*格式化完成后對U盤進行修復*/

fsck from util-linux 2.20.1

dosfsck 3.0.12, 29 Oct 2011, FAT32, LFN

Logical sector size (64543 bytes) is not a multiple of the physical sector size.

(3)前兩步完成后，在/dev目錄下將會出現設備節點sda1；如果沒有，則手動創建設備節點sda1

#mknod /dev/sda1 b 8 1 /*手動創建設備節點sda1*/

#mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/udisk /*掛載U盤到/mnt/udisk目錄下*/

#umount /mnt/udisk /*卸載U盤*/

總結

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