1. 已經安裝了Ogre工程向導，VS2010?新建項目就可以看得OGRE的工程模版了，建立一個空項目，由于安裝了Orge工程助手，所以免去了麻煩的配置過程（安裝Orge工程助手步驟可以參考?Ogre1.8.1+VS2010環境配置）：

2.?首先在項目中建立一個OgreDemo1.c和OgreDemo1.h文件。分別填入如下代碼：

OgreDemo1.h：

#ifndef _TutorialApplication_ #define _TutorialApplication_ #include "ExampleApplication.h" class OgreDemo1 : public ExampleApplication { protected: public: OgreDemo1() { } ~OgreDemo1() { } protected: void createScene(void) { } }; #endif

OgreDemo1.c

#include "OgreDemo1.h"#if OGRE_PLATFORM == OGRE_PLATFORM_WIN32 #define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN #include "windows.h"INT WINAPI WinMain( HINSTANCE hInst, HINSTANCE, LPSTR strCmdLine, INT ) #else int main(int argc, char **argv) #endif {// Create application objectOgreDemo1 app;try {app.go();} catch( Exception& e ) { #if OGRE_PLATFORM == OGRE_PLATFORM_WIN32 MessageBoxA( NULL, e.getFullDescription().c_str(), "An exception has occurred!", MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR | MB_TASKMODAL); #elsefprintf(stderr, "An exception has occurred: %s ",e.getFullDescription().c_str()); #endif}return 0; }

編譯，運行，會出現一個黑窗口，啥都木有！

3. 往窗口添加一個對象

直接在OgreDemo1類的createScene方法中來實現，

（1）：設置環境光，首先需要為整個場景設置環境光，這樣才可以看到要顯示的內容，通過調用setAmbientLight函數并指定環境光的顏色就可以做到這些。指定的顏色由紅、綠、藍三種顏色組成，且每種色數值范圍在 0 到 1 之間。

//設置環境光 mSceneMgr->setAmbientLight( ColourValue( 1, 1, 1 ) )?

?

(2)：創建一個 Entity （物體），通過調用 SceneManager 的 createEntity 方法來創建

//創建一個物體 Entity *ent1 = mSceneMgr->createEntity( "Robot", "robot.mesh" );

變量 mSceneMgr 是當前場景管理器的一個對象，createEntity 方法的第一個參數是為所創建的實體指定一個唯一的標識，第二個參數 "robot.mesh" 指明要使用的網格實體，"robot.mesh" 網格實體在 ExampleApplication 類中被裝載。這樣，就已經創建了一個實體。

(3)：還需要創建一個場景節點來與它綁定在一起。既然每個場景管理器都有一個根節點，那我們就在根節點下創建一個場景節點。

//創建該物體對應的場景節點 SceneNode *node1 = mSceneMgr->getRootSceneNode()->createChildSceneNode( "RobotNode" );

?首先調用場景管理器的 getRootSceneNode 方法來獲取根節點，再使用根節點的 createChildSceneNode 方法創建一個名為 "RobotNode" 的場景節點。與實體一樣，場景節點的名字也是唯一的。

(4)：最后，將實體與場景節點綁定在一起，這樣機器人(Robot)就會在指定的位置被渲染：

//將該物體和場景節點關聯起來 node1->attachObject( ent1 );

ok,現在編譯運行你的程序，就可以看到我們偉大的機器人界面了。?

例子很簡單，代碼頁不多，就4行。我們還是一步一步來分析吧。

首先我們上一個項目中的OgreDemo1類繼承自ExampleApplication類，我們之所以什么都沒有做就能創建一個窗口，就是因為ExampleApplication為我們實現了。

首先我們打開ExampleApplication類，可以看到包含了如下幾個成員變量（加入少許注釋）

//ogre的程序"根"任何ogre程序都會有改對象 Root *mRoot; //攝像機鏡頭 Camera* mCamera; //場景管理器 SceneManager* mSceneMgr; //對于每一幀進行處理的類 ExampleFrameListener* mFrameListener; //渲染窗口 RenderWindow* mWindow; //資源文件的路徑字符串 Ogre::String mResourcePath;

這里的ExampleFrameListener類，如果你暫時還不清楚是做什么的，不要緊，后面我們慢慢介紹。

?

知道了這些成員變量，我們在返回OgreDemo1.c文件中看看入口函數WinMain中是如何書寫的呢？很簡單就一句話：

app.go();

先將源代碼貼出來，加了詳細注釋：

ExampleApplication.h

/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- This source file is part of OGRE (Object-oriented Graphics Rendering Engine) For the latest info, see http://www.ogre3d.org/Copyright (c) 2000-2012 Torus Knot Software Ltd Also see acknowledgements in Readme.htmlYou may use this sample code for anything you like, it is not covered by the same license as the rest of the engine. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- */ /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Filename: ExampleApplication.h Description: Base class for all the OGRE examples ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- */#ifndef __ExampleApplication_H__ #define __ExampleApplication_H__#include "Ogre.h" #include "OgreConfigFile.h" #include "ExampleFrameListener.h" // Static plugins declaration section // Note that every entry in here adds an extra header / library dependency #ifdef OGRE_STATIC_LIB # define OGRE_STATIC_GL # if OGRE_PLATFORM == OGRE_PLATFORM_WIN32 # define OGRE_STATIC_Direct3D9// dx11 will only work on vista, so be careful about statically linking # if OGRE_USE_D3D11 # define OGRE_STATIC_Direct3D11 # endif # endif # define OGRE_STATIC_BSPSceneManager # define OGRE_STATIC_ParticleFX # define OGRE_STATIC_CgProgramManager # ifdef OGRE_USE_PCZ # define OGRE_STATIC_PCZSceneManager # define OGRE_STATIC_OctreeZone # else # define OGRE_STATIC_OctreeSceneManager # endif # if OGRE_PLATFORM == OGRE_PLATFORM_APPLE_IOS # undef OGRE_STATIC_CgProgramManager # undef OGRE_STATIC_GL # define OGRE_STATIC_GLES 1 # ifdef __OBJC__ # import <UIKit/UIKit.h> # endif # endif # include "OgreStaticPluginLoader.h" #endif#if OGRE_PLATFORM == OGRE_PLATFORM_APPLE || OGRE_PLATFORM == OGRE_PLATFORM_APPLE_IOS # include "macUtils.h" #endif#ifdef USE_RTSHADER_SYSTEM/** This class simply demonstrates basic usage of the CRTShader system. It sub class the material manager listener class and when a target scheme callback is invoked with the shader generator scheme it tries to create an equvialent shader based technique based on the default technique of the given material. */ class ShaderGeneratorTechniqueResolverListener : public MaterialManager::Listener { public:ShaderGeneratorTechniqueResolverListener(RTShader::ShaderGenerator* pShaderGenerator){mShaderGenerator = pShaderGenerator;}virtual Technique* handleSchemeNotFound(unsigned short schemeIndex, const String& schemeName, Material* originalMaterial, unsigned short lodIndex, const Renderable* rend){ // Case this is the default shader generator scheme.if (schemeName == RTShader::ShaderGenerator::DEFAULT_SCHEME_NAME){MaterialRegisterIterator itFind = mRegisteredMaterials.find(originalMaterial);bool techniqueCreated = false;// This material was not registered before.if (itFind == mRegisteredMaterials.end()){techniqueCreated = mShaderGenerator->createShaderBasedTechnique(originalMaterial->getName(), MaterialManager::DEFAULT_SCHEME_NAME, schemeName); }mRegisteredMaterials[originalMaterial] = techniqueCreated;}return NULL;}protected:typedef std::map<Material*, bool> MaterialRegisterMap;typedef MaterialRegisterMap::iterator MaterialRegisterIterator;protected:MaterialRegisterMap mRegisteredMaterials; // Registered material map.RTShader::ShaderGenerator* mShaderGenerator; // The shader generator instance. }; #endifusing namespace Ogre;/** Base class which manages the standard startup of an Ogre application.Designed to be subclassed for specific examples if required. */ class ExampleApplication { public:/// Standard constructorExampleApplication(){mFrameListener = 0;mRoot = 0;// Provide a nice cross platform solution for locating the configuration files// On windows files are searched for in the current working directory, on OS X however// you must provide the full path, the helper function macBundlePath does this for us. #if OGRE_PLATFORM == OGRE_PLATFORM_APPLEmResourcePath = macBundlePath() + "/Contents/Resources/";mConfigPath = mResourcePath; #elif OGRE_PLATFORM == OGRE_PLATFORM_APPLE_IOSmResourcePath = macBundlePath() + "/";mConfigPath = mResourcePath; #elsemResourcePath = "";mConfigPath = mResourcePath; #endif#ifdef USE_RTSHADER_SYSTEMmShaderGenerator = NULL; mMaterialMgrListener = NULL; #endif}/// Standard destructorvirtual ~ExampleApplication(){if (mFrameListener)delete mFrameListener;if (mRoot)OGRE_DELETE mRoot;#ifdef OGRE_STATIC_LIBmStaticPluginLoader.unload(); #endif}/// Start the example 程序入口;virtual void go(void){//進行初始化工作;if (!setup())return;//開始渲染;mRoot->startRendering();// clean up//清理屏幕;destroyScene(); #ifdef USE_RTSHADER_SYSTEM// Finalize shader generator.finalizeShaderGenerator(); #endif}protected://ogre程序的root，任何ogre程序都有該對象;Root *mRoot; #ifdef OGRE_STATIC_LIBStaticPluginLoader mStaticPluginLoader; #endif//攝像機鏡頭;Camera* mCamera;//場景管理器;SceneManager* mSceneMgr;//對每一幀進行處理的類;ExampleFrameListener* mFrameListener;//渲染窗口;RenderWindow* mWindow;//資源文件的路徑字符串;Ogre::String mResourcePath;Ogre::String mConfigPath; #ifdef USE_RTSHADER_SYSTEMRTShader::ShaderGenerator* mShaderGenerator; // The Shader generator instance.ShaderGeneratorTechniqueResolverListener* mMaterialMgrListener; // Material manager listener. #endif// These internal methods package up the stages in the startup process/** Sets up the application - returns false if the user chooses to abandon configuration. *///初始化應用程序;virtual bool setup(void){String pluginsPath;// only use plugins.cfg if not static #ifndef OGRE_STATIC_LIB #if OGRE_DEBUG_MODEpluginsPath = mResourcePath + "plugins_d.cfg"; #elsepluginsPath = mResourcePath + "plugins.cfg"; #endif #endif//構建Root對象;mRoot = OGRE_NEW Root(pluginsPath, mConfigPath + "ogre.cfg", mResourcePath + "Ogre.log"); #ifdef OGRE_STATIC_LIBmStaticPluginLoader.load(); #endif//配置資源文件相關; setupResources();//配置，主要用于初始化渲染窗口;bool carryOn = configure();if (!carryOn) return false;//創建場景管理器;chooseSceneManager();//創建攝像機;createCamera();//創建視口;createViewports(); #ifdef USE_RTSHADER_SYSTEM// Initialize shader generator.carryOn = initializeShaderGenerator(mSceneMgr);if (!carryOn) return false; #endif// Set default mipmap level (NB some APIs ignore this)TextureManager::getSingleton().setDefaultNumMipmaps(5);// Create any resource listeners (for loading screens)//創建資源監聽;createResourceListener();// Load resources//裝載資源;loadResources();// Create the scene//創建屏幕，必須重寫，也就是我們OgreDemo1類中（我們現實模型需要實現的）;createScene();//創建幀監聽;createFrameListener();return true;} #ifdef USE_RTSHADER_SYSTEMvirtual bool initializeShaderGenerator(SceneManager* sceneMgr){ if (RTShader::ShaderGenerator::initialize()){mShaderGenerator = RTShader::ShaderGenerator::getSingletonPtr();// Set the scene manager.mShaderGenerator->addSceneManager(sceneMgr);// Setup core libraries and shader cache path.ResourceGroupManager::LocationList resLocationsList = ResourceGroupManager::getSingleton().getResourceLocationList("Popular");ResourceGroupManager::LocationList::iterator it = resLocationsList.begin();ResourceGroupManager::LocationList::iterator itEnd = resLocationsList.end();String shaderCoreLibsPath;String shaderCachePath;// Default cache path is current directory;shaderCachePath = "./";// Try to find the location of the core shader lib functions and use it// as shader cache path as well - this will reduce the number of generated files// when running from different directories.for (; it != itEnd; ++it){if ((*it)->archive->getName().find("RTShaderLib") != String::npos){shaderCoreLibsPath = (*it)->archive->getName() + "/";shaderCachePath = shaderCoreLibsPath;break;}}// Core shader libs not found -> shader generating will fail.if (shaderCoreLibsPath.empty()) return false; // Add resource location for the core shader libs. ResourceGroupManager::getSingleton().addResourceLocation(shaderCoreLibsPath , "FileSystem");// Set shader cache path.mShaderGenerator->setShaderCachePath(shaderCachePath); // Create and register the material manager listener.mMaterialMgrListener = new ShaderGeneratorTechniqueResolverListener(mShaderGenerator); MaterialManager::getSingleton().addListener(mMaterialMgrListener);}return true;}virtual void finalizeShaderGenerator(){// Unregister the material manager listener.if (mMaterialMgrListener != NULL){ MaterialManager::getSingleton().removeListener(mMaterialMgrListener);delete mMaterialMgrListener;mMaterialMgrListener = NULL;}// Finalize CRTShader system.if (mShaderGenerator != NULL){RTShader::ShaderGenerator::finalize();mShaderGenerator = NULL;}} #endif/** Configures the application - returns false if the user chooses to abandon configuration. *//** 是否配置完成，完成則初始化系統 */ virtual bool configure(void){// Show the configuration dialog and initialise the system// You can skip this and use root.restoreConfig() to load configuration// settings if you were sure there are valid ones saved in ogre.cfg//判斷是否進入（即運行過了配置窗口，進入demo窗口）;if(mRoot->showConfigDialog()){// If returned true, user clicked OK so initialise// Here we choose to let the system create a default rendering window by passing 'true'//初始化系統,得到一個渲染窗口對象;mWindow = mRoot->initialise(true);return true;}else{return false;}}virtual void chooseSceneManager(void){// Create the SceneManager, in this case a generic one// 創建一個場景管理器(場景類型,窗口標題) ;mSceneMgr = mRoot->createSceneManager(ST_GENERIC, "ExampleSMInstance");}virtual void createCamera(void){// Create the camera// 創建一個攝像機 ;mCamera = mSceneMgr->createCamera("PlayerCam");// Position it at 500 in Z direction// 設置攝像機的位置;mCamera->setPosition(Vector3(0,0,500));// Look back along -Z// 設置觀察點；mCamera->lookAt(Vector3(0,0,-300));// 設置最近裁剪距離，如果超出則不顯示;mCamera->setNearClipDistance(5);//同樣還有設置最遠裁剪距離 ;//mCamera->setFarClipDistance(1000); }virtual void createFrameListener(void){//實例化幀監聽，(渲染窗口，攝像機); #if OGRE_PLATFORM == OGRE_PLATFORM_APPLE_IOSmFrameListener= new ExampleFrameListener(mWindow, mCamera, true, true, true); #elsemFrameListener= new ExampleFrameListener(mWindow, mCamera); #endif//設置是否顯示調試信息(比如：fps...) ;mFrameListener->showDebugOverlay(true);//添加幀監聽到root中;mRoot->addFrameListener(mFrameListener);}//創建屏幕;virtual void createScene(void) = 0; // pure virtual - this has to be overridden//清屏;virtual void destroyScene(void){} // Optional to override this/* 創建視口并初始化 */ virtual void createViewports(void){// Create one viewport, entire window// 創建一個“視口” ;Viewport* vp = mWindow->addViewport(mCamera);//設置背景顏色 ;vp->setBackgroundColour(ColourValue(0,0,0));// Alter the camera aspect ratio to match the viewport//設置屏幕的長寬比（視口的寬度和高度比，目前的寬屏電腦）;mCamera->setAspectRatio(Real(vp->getActualWidth()) / Real(vp->getActualHeight()));}/// Method which will define the source of resources (other than current folder)/// 初始化資源，比如：模型、貼圖等資源;virtual void setupResources(void){// Load resource paths from config fileConfigFile cf;//讀取配置文件 ; #if OGRE_DEBUG_MODEcf.load(mResourcePath + "resources_d.cfg"); #elsecf.load(mResourcePath + "resources.cfg"); #endif// Go through all sections & settings in the fileConfigFile::SectionIterator seci = cf.getSectionIterator();String secName, typeName, archName;while (seci.hasMoreElements()){secName = seci.peekNextKey();ConfigFile::SettingsMultiMap *settings = seci.getNext();ConfigFile::SettingsMultiMap::iterator i;for (i = settings->begin(); i != settings->end(); ++i){//取得并添加資源文件;typeName = i->first;archName = i->second; #if OGRE_PLATFORM == OGRE_PLATFORM_APPLE || OGRE_PLATFORM == OGRE_PLATFORM_APPLE_IOS// OS X does not set the working directory relative to the app,// In order to make things portable on OS X we need to provide// the loading with it's own bundle path locationif (!StringUtil::startsWith(archName, "/", false)) // only adjust relative dirsarchName = String(macBundlePath() + "/" + archName); #endifResourceGroupManager::getSingleton().addResourceLocation(archName, typeName, secName);}}}/// Optional override method where you can create resource listeners (e.g. for loading screens)//創建資源監聽，比如（正在裝載資源，請稍等界面）;virtual void createResourceListener(void){}/// Optional override method where you can perform resource group loading/// Must at least do ResourceGroupManager::getSingleton().initialiseAllResourceGroups();//裝載資源;virtual void loadResources(void){// Initialise, parse scripts etcResourceGroupManager::getSingleton().initialiseAllResourceGroups();}};#endif

ExampleFrameListener.h

/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- This source file is part of OGRE(Object-oriented Graphics Rendering Engine) For the latest info, see http://www.ogre3d.org/Copyright (c) 2000-2012 Torus Knot Software Ltd Also see acknowledgements in Readme.htmlYou may use this sample code for anything you like, it is not covered by the same license as the rest of the engine. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- */ /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Filename: ExampleFrameListener.h Description: Defines an example frame listener which responds to frame events. This frame listener just moves a specified camera around based on keyboard and mouse movements. Mouse: Freelook W or Up: Forward S or Down:Backward A: Step left D: Step rightPgUp: Move upwardsPgDown: Move downwardsF: Toggle frame rate stats on/offR: Render modeT: Cycle texture filteringBilinear, Trilinear, Anisotropic(8)P: Toggle on/off display of camera position / orientationF2: Set the main viewport material scheme to default material manager scheme.F3: Set the main viewport material scheme to shader generator default scheme.F4: Toggle default shader generator lighting model from per vertex to per pixel. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- */#ifndef __ExampleFrameListener_H__ #define __ExampleFrameListener_H__#include "Ogre.h" #include "OgreStringConverter.h" #include "OgreException.h"//Use this define to signify OIS will be used as a DLL //(so that dll import/export macros are in effect) #define OIS_DYNAMIC_LIB #include <OIS/OIS.h>using namespace Ogre;#ifdef USE_RTSHADER_SYSTEM #include "OgreRTShaderSystem.h" #endifclass ExampleFrameListener: public FrameListener, public WindowEventListener { protected:virtual void updateStats(void){static String currFps = "Current FPS: ";static String avgFps = "Average FPS: ";static String bestFps = "Best FPS: ";static String worstFps = "Worst FPS: ";static String tris = "Triangle Count: ";static String batches = "Batch Count: ";// update stats when necessary// 需要更新debug信息時更新;try {OverlayElement* guiAvg = OverlayManager::getSingleton().getOverlayElement("Core/AverageFps");OverlayElement* guiCurr = OverlayManager::getSingleton().getOverlayElement("Core/CurrFps");OverlayElement* guiBest = OverlayManager::getSingleton().getOverlayElement("Core/BestFps");OverlayElement* guiWorst = OverlayManager::getSingleton().getOverlayElement("Core/WorstFps");const RenderTarget::FrameStats& stats = mWindow->getStatistics();guiAvg->setCaption(avgFps + StringConverter::toString(stats.avgFPS));guiCurr->setCaption(currFps + StringConverter::toString(stats.lastFPS));guiBest->setCaption(bestFps + StringConverter::toString(stats.bestFPS)+" "+StringConverter::toString(stats.bestFrameTime)+" ms");guiWorst->setCaption(worstFps + StringConverter::toString(stats.worstFPS)+" "+StringConverter::toString(stats.worstFrameTime)+" ms");OverlayElement* guiTris = OverlayManager::getSingleton().getOverlayElement("Core/NumTris");guiTris->setCaption(tris + StringConverter::toString(stats.triangleCount));OverlayElement* guiBatches = OverlayManager::getSingleton().getOverlayElement("Core/NumBatches");guiBatches->setCaption(batches + StringConverter::toString(stats.batchCount));OverlayElement* guiDbg = OverlayManager::getSingleton().getOverlayElement("Core/DebugText");guiDbg->setCaption(mDebugText);}catch(...) { /* ignore */ }}public:// Constructor takes a RenderWindow because it uses that to determine input context// 構造函數,初始化成員變量;ExampleFrameListener(RenderWindow* win, Camera* cam, bool bufferedKeys = false, bool bufferedMouse = false,bool bufferedJoy = false ) :mCamera(cam), mTranslateVector(Vector3::ZERO), mCurrentSpeed(0), mWindow(win), mStatsOn(true), mNumScreenShots(0),mMoveScale(0.0f), mRotScale(0.0f), mTimeUntilNextToggle(0), mFiltering(TFO_BILINEAR),mAniso(1), mSceneDetailIndex(0), mMoveSpeed(100), mRotateSpeed(36), mDebugOverlay(0),mInputManager(0), mMouse(0), mKeyboard(0), mJoy(0){//得到debug視圖;mDebugOverlay = OverlayManager::getSingleton().getByName("Core/DebugOverlay");//日志管理器;LogManager::getSingletonPtr()->logMessage("*** Initializing OIS ***");OIS::ParamList pl;size_t windowHnd = 0;std::ostringstream windowHndStr;//取得自定義的屬性；win->getCustomAttribute("WINDOW", &windowHnd);windowHndStr << windowHnd;pl.insert(std::make_pair(std::string("WINDOW"), windowHndStr.str()));//創建輸入管理器;mInputManager = OIS::InputManager::createInputSystem( pl );//Create all devices (We only catch joystick exceptions here, as, most people have Key/Mouse)//創建輸入設備、鼠標、鍵盤、搖桿;mKeyboard = static_cast<OIS::Keyboard*>(mInputManager->createInputObject( OIS::OISKeyboard, bufferedKeys ));mMouse = static_cast<OIS::Mouse*>(mInputManager->createInputObject( OIS::OISMouse, bufferedMouse ));try {mJoy = static_cast<OIS::JoyStick*>(mInputManager->createInputObject( OIS::OISJoyStick, bufferedJoy ));}catch(...) {mJoy = 0;}//Set initial mouse clipping size//根據窗口的大小來設置鼠標的初始裁剪區域;windowResized(mWindow);//顯示debug信息;showDebugOverlay(true);//Register as a Window listener//注冊一個windows窗口事件監聽;WindowEventUtilities::addWindowEventListener(mWindow, this); }#ifdef USE_RTSHADER_SYSTEMvirtual void processShaderGeneratorInput(){ // Switch to default scheme.if (mKeyboard->isKeyDown(OIS::KC_F2)){ mCamera->getViewport()->setMaterialScheme(MaterialManager::DEFAULT_SCHEME_NAME); mDebugText = "Active Viewport Scheme: ";mDebugText += MaterialManager::DEFAULT_SCHEME_NAME; }// Switch to shader generator scheme.if (mKeyboard->isKeyDown(OIS::KC_F3)){mCamera->getViewport()->setMaterialScheme(RTShader::ShaderGenerator::DEFAULT_SCHEME_NAME);mDebugText = "Active Viewport Scheme: ";mDebugText += RTShader::ShaderGenerator::DEFAULT_SCHEME_NAME;} // Toggles per pixel per light model.if (mKeyboard->isKeyDown(OIS::KC_F4) && mTimeUntilNextToggle <= 0){ mTimeUntilNextToggle = 1.0;static bool userPerPixelLightModel = true;RTShader::ShaderGenerator* shaderGenerator = RTShader::ShaderGenerator::getSingletonPtr(); RTShader::RenderState* renderState = shaderGenerator->getRenderState(RTShader::ShaderGenerator::DEFAULT_SCHEME_NAME);// Remove all global sub render states.renderState->reset();// Add per pixel lighting sub render state to the global scheme render state.// It will override the default FFP lighting sub render state.if (userPerPixelLightModel){RTShader::SubRenderState* perPixelLightModel = shaderGenerator->createSubRenderState(RTShader::PerPixelLighting::Type);renderState->addTemplateSubRenderState(perPixelLightModel);mDebugText = "Per pixel lighting model applied to shader generator default scheme";}else{mDebugText = "Per vertex lighting model applied to shader generator default scheme";}// Invalidate the scheme in order to re-generate all shaders based technique related to this scheme.shaderGenerator->invalidateScheme(RTShader::ShaderGenerator::DEFAULT_SCHEME_NAME);userPerPixelLightModel = !userPerPixelLightModel;} }#endif//Adjust mouse clipping area//調整鼠標裁剪區域;virtual void windowResized(RenderWindow* rw){unsigned int width, height, depth;int left, top;//取得窗口矩陣;rw->getMetrics(width, height, depth, left, top);const OIS::MouseState &ms = mMouse->getMouseState();ms.width = width;ms.height = height;}//Unattach OIS before window shutdown (very important under Linux)//關閉窗口之前進行的處理;virtual void windowClosed(RenderWindow* rw){//Only close for window that created OIS (the main window in these demos)//檢測是否關閉了我們的渲染窗口;if( rw == mWindow ){if( mInputManager ){//清除輸入設備;mInputManager->destroyInputObject( mMouse );mInputManager->destroyInputObject( mKeyboard );mInputManager->destroyInputObject( mJoy );//銷毀輸入管理器;OIS::InputManager::destroyInputSystem(mInputManager);mInputManager = 0;}}}virtual ~ExampleFrameListener(){ //Remove ourself as a Window listener//移除所有的窗口事件監聽;WindowEventUtilities::removeWindowEventListener(mWindow, this);//關閉窗口;windowClosed(mWindow);}//按鍵事件處理;virtual bool processUnbufferedKeyInput(const FrameEvent& evt){Real moveScale = mMoveScale;if(mKeyboard->isKeyDown(OIS::KC_LSHIFT))moveScale *= 10;if(mKeyboard->isKeyDown(OIS::KC_A))mTranslateVector.x = -moveScale; // Move camera left 向左移動攝像頭矩陣;if(mKeyboard->isKeyDown(OIS::KC_D))mTranslateVector.x = moveScale; // Move camera RIGHTif(mKeyboard->isKeyDown(OIS::KC_UP) || mKeyboard->isKeyDown(OIS::KC_W) )mTranslateVector.z = -moveScale; // Move camera forwardif(mKeyboard->isKeyDown(OIS::KC_DOWN) || mKeyboard->isKeyDown(OIS::KC_S) )mTranslateVector.z = moveScale; // Move camera backwardif(mKeyboard->isKeyDown(OIS::KC_PGUP))mTranslateVector.y = moveScale; // Move camera upif(mKeyboard->isKeyDown(OIS::KC_PGDOWN))mTranslateVector.y = -moveScale; // Move camera downif(mKeyboard->isKeyDown(OIS::KC_RIGHT))mCamera->yaw(-mRotScale);if(mKeyboard->isKeyDown(OIS::KC_LEFT))mCamera->yaw(mRotScale);if( mKeyboard->isKeyDown(OIS::KC_ESCAPE) || mKeyboard->isKeyDown(OIS::KC_Q) )return false;if( mKeyboard->isKeyDown(OIS::KC_F) && mTimeUntilNextToggle <= 0 ){mStatsOn = !mStatsOn;showDebugOverlay(mStatsOn);mTimeUntilNextToggle = 1;}if( mKeyboard->isKeyDown(OIS::KC_T) && mTimeUntilNextToggle <= 0 ){switch(mFiltering){case TFO_BILINEAR:mFiltering = TFO_TRILINEAR;mAniso = 1;break;case TFO_TRILINEAR:mFiltering = TFO_ANISOTROPIC;mAniso = 8;break;case TFO_ANISOTROPIC:mFiltering = TFO_BILINEAR;mAniso = 1;break;default: break;}MaterialManager::getSingleton().setDefaultTextureFiltering(mFiltering);MaterialManager::getSingleton().setDefaultAnisotropy(mAniso);showDebugOverlay(mStatsOn);mTimeUntilNextToggle = 1;}if(mKeyboard->isKeyDown(OIS::KC_SYSRQ) && mTimeUntilNextToggle <= 0){std::ostringstream ss;ss << "screenshot_" << ++mNumScreenShots << ".png";mWindow->writeContentsToFile(ss.str());mTimeUntilNextToggle = 0.5;mDebugText = "Saved: " + ss.str();}if(mKeyboard->isKeyDown(OIS::KC_R) && mTimeUntilNextToggle <=0){mSceneDetailIndex = (mSceneDetailIndex+1)%3 ;switch(mSceneDetailIndex) {case 0 : mCamera->setPolygonMode(PM_SOLID); break;case 1 : mCamera->setPolygonMode(PM_WIREFRAME); break;case 2 : mCamera->setPolygonMode(PM_POINTS); break;}mTimeUntilNextToggle = 0.5;}static bool displayCameraDetails = false;if(mKeyboard->isKeyDown(OIS::KC_P) && mTimeUntilNextToggle <= 0){displayCameraDetails = !displayCameraDetails;mTimeUntilNextToggle = 0.5;if (!displayCameraDetails)mDebugText = "";}// Print camera detailsif(displayCameraDetails)mDebugText = "P: " + StringConverter::toString(mCamera->getDerivedPosition()) +" " + "O: " + StringConverter::toString(mCamera->getDerivedOrientation());// Return true to continue renderingreturn true;}//鼠標事件處理;virtual bool processUnbufferedMouseInput(const FrameEvent& evt){// Rotation factors, may not be used if the second mouse button is pressed// 2nd mouse button - slide, otherwise rotateconst OIS::MouseState &ms = mMouse->getMouseState();if( ms.buttonDown( OIS::MB_Right ) ){mTranslateVector.x += ms.X.rel * 0.13;mTranslateVector.y -= ms.Y.rel * 0.13;}else{mRotX = Degree(-ms.X.rel * 0.13);mRotY = Degree(-ms.Y.rel * 0.13); #if OGRE_PLATFORM == OGRE_PLATFORM_APPLE_IOS// Adjust the input depending upon viewport orientationRadian origRotY, origRotX;switch(mCamera->getViewport()->getOrientation()){case Viewport::OR_LANDSCAPELEFT:origRotY = mRotY;origRotX = mRotX;mRotX = origRotY;mRotY = -origRotX;break;case Viewport::OR_LANDSCAPERIGHT:origRotY = mRotY;origRotX = mRotX;mRotX = -origRotY;mRotY = origRotX;break;// Portrait doesn't need any changecase Viewport::OR_PORTRAIT:default:break;} #endif}return true;}//移動攝像頭;virtual void moveCamera(){// Make all the changes to the camera// Note that YAW direction is around a fixed axis (freelook style) rather than a natural YAW//(e.g. airplane)//偏移;mCamera->yaw(mRotX);//傾斜;mCamera->pitch(mRotY);//移動攝像機到指定位置;mCamera->moveRelative(mTranslateVector);}//顯示debug信息;virtual void showDebugOverlay(bool show){if (mDebugOverlay){if (show)mDebugOverlay->show();elsemDebugOverlay->hide();}}// Override frameRenderingQueued event to process that (don't care about frameEnded)// 渲染隊列;bool frameRenderingQueued(const FrameEvent& evt){if(mWindow->isClosed()) return false;mSpeedLimit = mMoveScale * evt.timeSinceLastFrame;//Need to capture/update each device//捕獲、更新設備;mKeyboard->capture();mMouse->capture();if( mJoy ) mJoy->capture();bool buffJ = (mJoy) ? mJoy->buffered() : true;Ogre::Vector3 lastMotion = mTranslateVector;//Check if one of the devices is not bufferedif( !mMouse->buffered() || !mKeyboard->buffered() || !buffJ ){// one of the input modes is immediate, so setup what is needed for immediate movementif (mTimeUntilNextToggle >= 0)mTimeUntilNextToggle -= evt.timeSinceLastFrame;// Move about 100 units per secondmMoveScale = mMoveSpeed * evt.timeSinceLastFrame;// Take about 10 seconds for full rotationmRotScale = mRotateSpeed * evt.timeSinceLastFrame;mRotX = 0;mRotY = 0;mTranslateVector = Ogre::Vector3::ZERO;}//Check to see which device is not buffered, and handle it #if OGRE_PLATFORM != OGRE_PLATFORM_APPLE_IOSif( !mKeyboard->buffered() )if( processUnbufferedKeyInput(evt) == false )return false;#ifdef USE_RTSHADER_SYSTEMprocessShaderGeneratorInput(); #endif#endifif( !mMouse->buffered() )if( processUnbufferedMouseInput(evt) == false )return false;// ramp up / ramp down speedif (mTranslateVector == Ogre::Vector3::ZERO){// decay (one third speed)mCurrentSpeed -= evt.timeSinceLastFrame * 0.3;mTranslateVector = lastMotion;}else{// ramp upmCurrentSpeed += evt.timeSinceLastFrame;}// Limit motion speedif (mCurrentSpeed > 1.0)mCurrentSpeed = 1.0;if (mCurrentSpeed < 0.0)mCurrentSpeed = 0.0;mTranslateVector *= mCurrentSpeed;if( !mMouse->buffered() || !mKeyboard->buffered() || !buffJ )moveCamera();return true;}//幀結束,更新狀態;bool frameEnded(const FrameEvent& evt){updateStats();return true;}protected://指向攝像機的指針;Camera* mCamera;//一個3維向量，用于攝像機的位置變換;Vector3 mTranslateVector;Real mCurrentSpeed;//指向渲染窗口的指針;RenderWindow* mWindow;//是否顯示調試信息;bool mStatsOn;//debug信息;String mDebugText;//主要用于截圖;unsigned int mNumScreenShots;//該demo中，攝像機會旋轉;float mMoveScale;//速度限制;float mSpeedLimit;//同樣用于攝像機變換;Degree mRotScale;// just to stop toggles flipping too fast//延時;Real mTimeUntilNextToggle ;//鼠標旋轉的角度，用于攝像機的更新;Radian mRotX, mRotY;//紋理差值的類型，枚舉類型;TextureFilterOptions mFiltering;int mAniso;int mSceneDetailIndex ;//移動速度;Real mMoveSpeed;//旋轉速度;Degree mRotateSpeed;//debug視圖;Overlay* mDebugOverlay;//OIS Input devices//一些輸入設備（輸入設備管理器）;OIS::InputManager* mInputManager;//鼠標;OIS::Mouse* mMouse;//鍵盤;OIS::Keyboard* mKeyboard;//搖桿;OIS::JoyStick* mJoy; };#endif

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首先，我們要分析的就是Root類，使用Ogre的程序所需要作的第一件事情就是實例化一個Root對象。如果沒有這個對象，你就無法調用（除了日志管理以外）的任何一個功能。Root類的構造函數接受一些符串對象的參數，這些字符代表著不同作用的文件名稱。

Root * root = new Root(); Root * root = new Root("plugins.cfg"); Root * root = new Root("plugins.cfg", "ogre.cfg"); Root * root = new Root("plugins.cfg", "ogre.cfg", "ogre.log"); Root * root = new Root("", "");

上面列出了一些不同的方法來創建Root實例，這里面任何的方法都能單獨的正確執行。參數也是系統所默認的值（“plugins.cfg”, “ogre.cfg”, “ogre.log”——當你沒有填寫參數的時候，系統就認為采用了默認的這些值）。?

plugins.cfg：插件，Ogre中所謂的插件就是符合Ogre插件接口的代碼模塊，比如場景管理（SceneManager）插件和渲染系統（RenderSystem）插件等。在啟動的Ogre時候，他會載入plugins.cfg配置文件來查看有哪些插件可以被使用。下面是一個plugins.cfg文件例子

# Defines plugins to load# Define plugin folder PluginFolder=.# Define plugins Plugin=RenderSystem_Direct3D9_d Plugin=RenderSystem_GL_d Plugin=Plugin_ParticleFX_d Plugin=Plugin_BSPSceneManager_d Plugin=Plugin_CgProgramManager_d Plugin=Plugin_PCZSceneManager_d.dll Plugin=Plugin_OctreeZone_d.dll Plugin=Plugin_OctreeSceneManager_d

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其中PluginFolder用于定義這些插件存在的位置（路徑），??這里使用“.”,表示需要在“\”或者“/”（即根目錄）。在某些平臺上可以不使用“.”直接使用""（空白）,ogre照樣會在“\”或者“/”中去找。

而Plugin則說明了有哪些插件可以使用,但是需要注意，這些插件都沒有后綴名。

這里需要注意：在“=”兩邊不能加入空格或者?Tab字符。

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ogre.cfg則是一個屬性配置文件，主要保存用戶自定義的一些屬性，即下圖所示的界面的一些屬性。

文件如下：

Render System=Direct3D9 Rendering Subsystem[Direct3D9 Rendering Subsystem] Allow NVPerfHUD=No Anti aliasing=None Floating-point mode=Fastest Full Screen=No Rendering Device=Mobile Intel(R) 945 Express Chipset Family VSync=No Video Mode=800 x 600 @ 32-bit colour sRGB Gamma Conversion=No[OpenGL Rendering Subsystem] Colour Depth=32 Display Frequency=N/A FSAA=0 Full Screen=No RTT Preferred Mode=FBO VSync=No Video Mode=1024 x 768 sRGB Gamma Conversion=No

相信這里就不用多解釋，大家都明白了。

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4. Reference：

http://yarin.iteye.com/blog/561474

http://yarin.iteye.com/blog/561477

http://blog.163.com/cp7618@yeah/blog/static/70234777201141143014386/
http://blog.csdn.net/yangtrees/article/details/8765490

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總結

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