【狂云歌之unity_vr】unity項目持續集成dailybuild以及多平臺打包管理

前言

?持續集成的意義就不多說了。unity通常打包一般就直接build&run，但是在實際項目中，往往直接在服務器build包，所以命令行打包必不可少，這里一方面分享unity打包做持續集成，一方面分享使用unity管理多平臺打包，例如一個vrapp需要支持gear版本，支持小米版本，支持cardboard版本等等~懂的人就知道這里具有一定的管理維護成本。

?我們做vr相關的app，需要支持gear、cardboard、小米、vivo、大朋、暴風、Idealens、pico、nibiru、酷開等一大堆平臺，曾經還有lg和htcvive、oculus平臺，未來還會有更多的平臺，所以關于unity項目的多平臺管理是很重要的，在這方面我們也在探索，積累了一點經驗。這里介紹的主要是基于unity中c#寫的打包和多平臺管理，如果將其中一部分功能使用python和其他配置文件來實現也是可以的，只是用c#直接做會方便許多。

jenkins

https://jenkins.io/index.html

?jenkins不用多說，懂的人都了解是干什么的，來源于hudson，可以比較容易的搭起一個持續集成服務器，支持svn和git等版本管理。支持bash，所以可以用bash、python等大部分腳本來寫打包腳本和前后的處理。

unity命令行打包

?unity如何進行命令行打包呢，其實unity是支持以命令行方式啟動的，但是需要關閉editor支持執行命令，如下：

${unity可執行文件路徑} -projectPath ${項目路徑} -executeMethod CloudBuild.PerformBuildAndroidCloudAlphaRelease -batchmode -quit -logFile ${放log的路徑} -ForceExitEditor

?整體比較容易理解，其中CloudBuild.PerformBuildAndroidCloudAlphaRelease是一個類的靜態方法，然后在這個方法中寫打包相關邏輯即可。

EditorUserBuildSettings.SwitchActiveBuildTarget(BuildTarget.Android); string[] scenes = { "Assets/Scenes/Init.unity", "Assets/Scenes/Main.unity" }; BuildPipeline.BuildPlayer(scenes, buildpath, BuildTarget.Android, BuildOptions.None);

?核心邏輯就這么多，就會開始打一個android包并且生成到buildpath下面

多平臺打包管理

準備工作

?對unity插件不熟悉的可以看下 開發unity插件——一次搞定unity編輯器常用功能

?我這里準備了一個全局的配置文件，當然這個可以使用外部配置文件來管理配置，是一個道理的。這里定義了兩個平臺版本一個是alpha一個是beta，使用宏來區分不同平臺的版本號。

using UnityEngine; using System.Collections;public class GlobalConfig { #if CLOUD_ALPHApublic const int ClientVersionCode = 1;public const string ClientVersion = "1.0"; #elif CLOUD_BETApublic const int ClientVersionCode = 2;public const string ClientVersion = "1.1"; #endif }

?文件目錄組織大概如下，其中CloudBuild是編輯器工具，包含菜單項和打包功能，兩個平臺分別依賴不同的so文件和manifest文件。

?制作了一個menu，主要包含的功能是可以在alpha和beta平臺之間切換，可以打alpha平臺的apk包，當然想打beta平臺的包只需要簡單修改。

manifest管理

?寫個簡單的腳本進行manifest替換就好，對于alpha平臺和beta平臺各有自己的manifest文件，在切換平臺的時候將對應的manifest復制替換。

/// <summary> /// 使用相應的androidmanifest /// </summary> static void UseAndroidManifest(string filename) {string src_filename = string.Format("AndroidManifest-{0}.xml", filename);string dst_filename = "AndroidManifest.xml";string path = Application.dataPath + "/Plugins/Android/";File.Copy(path + src_filename, path + dst_filename, true);AssetDatabase.Refresh();//因為修改了manifest文件，所以刷新unity的assets }

依賴包管理

?為什么要做依賴包管理呢？因為在使用不同平臺sdk的時候，可能會引入很多sdk，每個sdk里包含自己的so、jar、aar包等，如果什么都不管理，直接打包的話，那么這些依賴的文件都會打進所有的apk包，簡單來說就會增加包的體積，更嚴重的情況下，這些不同平臺sdk里的依賴庫可能還會有沖突，如果打進同一個apk包，后果不堪設想~

?做依賴包管理主要依賴unity自己的assetimport管理如下圖，那么只要在需要的時候勾選不需要的時候取消勾選就好了，我們要做的就是用代碼來自動實現這個功能。

?先準備好各個平臺的依賴包路徑

static string[] Plugins_Alpha = new string[] {"Assets/Plugins/Android/libs/armeabi-v7a/alpha.so", };static string[] Plugins_Beta = new string[] {"Assets/Plugins/Android/libs/armeabi-v7a/beta.so", };

?然后在切換不同平臺的時候對這些依賴包的import做處理，這塊Asset屬于plugin，所以使用pluginimporter來管理勾選的問題。

static void ChangePluginToAlpha() {SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Alpha, true);SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Beta, false); }static void ChangePluginToBeta() {SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Alpha, false);SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Beta, true); }static void SetEnablePluginImport(string[] plugins, bool enable = true) {foreach(var path in plugins){PluginImporter vrlib = AssetImporter.GetAtPath(path) as PluginImporter;vrlib.SetCompatibleWithPlatform(BuildTarget.Android, enable);} }

?非常簡單一看就可以懂，然后試一下就明白了。

平臺切換

?平臺切換功能主要是在editor里調試各個平臺功能的時候使用的菜單項，功能也很簡單，就做了下面幾件事情

• 切平臺和宏定義
• 切playersetting參數
• 切buildscene配置
• 切manifest和依賴包
• 保存及打開對應平臺的場景（如果場景不是復用的）

?代碼示例如下，因為我們做vr相關的app，所以在gear平臺時vrsupport為true，其他平臺時為false，如果不同平臺的scene不一樣，那么在最后問用戶是否保存當前場景，然后打開對應平臺的場景。

/// <summary> /// 切換alpha平臺 /// </summary> [UnityEditor.MenuItem("CloudBuild/SwitchToAlpha", priority = 50)] static void SwitchToAlpha() {PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android, DEFINES_ALPHA);PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.iOS, DEFINES_ALPHA);PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported = true;EditorBuildSettings.scenes = new EditorBuildSettingsScene[] {new EditorBuildSettingsScene("Assets/Scenes/Init.unity", true),new EditorBuildSettingsScene("Assets/Scenes/Main.unity", true)};//場景UseAndroidManifest("Alpha");ChangePluginToAlpha();EditorSceneManager.SaveCurrentModifiedScenesIfUserWantsTo();EditorSceneManager.OpenScene("Assets/Scenes/Main.unity"); }

打包

?那么最后打包腳本如下，粗看信息量可能比較大，實際只做了幾件事情

• 準備好要打包的scene
• 將當前editor的狀態保存一下，以便打完包恢復，這是為了開發使用方便而已，否則在開發機上打個包就發現editor的很多屬性變了有時很尷尬
• 處理android的簽名問題
• 打包
• 最后如果是windows，一般是開發機，直接打開build好的apk所在文件夾，方便使用

/// <summary> /// </summary> [UnityEditor.MenuItem("CloudBuild/CloudAlpha-Release")] static void PerformBuildAndroidCloudAlphaRelease() {EditorUserBuildSettings.SwitchActiveBuildTarget(BuildTarget.Android);string[] scenes = { "Assets/Scenes/Init.unity", "Assets/Scenes/Main.unity" };string path = GetBuildPathAndroid();if (scenes == null || scenes.Length == 0 || path == null){Debug.LogError("error scene is null");return;}string tempid = PlayerSettings.bundleIdentifier;string name = PlayerSettings.productName;bool virtualRealitySupported = PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported;PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported = true;PlayerSettings.bundleIdentifier = "net.itsong.vralpha";PlayerSettings.productName = PRODUCT_NAME;PlayerSettings.Android.keystoreName = "";PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasName = "";PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasPass = "";PlayerSettings.Android.keystorePass = "";PlayerSettings.Android.bundleVersionCode = GlobalConfig.ClientVersionCode;PlayerSettings.bundleVersion = GlobalConfig.ClientVersion;string defines = PlayerSettings.GetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android);UseAndroidManifest("Alpha");ChangePluginToAlpha();PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android, DEFINES_ALPHA + DEFINES_RELEASE);string buildpath = path + string.Format("cloudvr_alpha_release_{0}.apk", DateTime.Now.ToString("MMddHHmm", DateTimeFormatInfo.InvariantInfo));BuildPipeline.BuildPlayer(scenes, buildpath, BuildTarget.Android, BuildOptions.None);PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported = virtualRealitySupported;PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android, defines);PlayerSettings.bundleIdentifier = tempid;PlayerSettings.productName = name;PlayerSettings.Android.keystoreName = "";PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasName = "";PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasPass = "";PlayerSettings.Android.keystorePass = "";string dir = path.Replace('/', '\\'); #if UNITY_EDITOR_WINSystem.Diagnostics.Process.Start("explorer.exe", "\"" + dir + "\""); #endif }

?完整的CloudBuild文件如下：

using UnityEngine; using UnityEditor; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.IO; using System; using System.Globalization; using UnityEditor.SceneManagement; /// <summary> /// </summary> partial class CloudBuild {const string PRODUCT_NAME = "狂云歌VR";const string DEFINES_ALPHA = "CROSS_PLATFORM_INPUT;MOBILE_INPUT;CLOUD_ALPHA;";const string DEFINES_BETA = "CROSS_PLATFORM_INPUT;MOBILE_INPUT;CLOUD_BETA;";const string DEFINES_RELEASE = "CLOUD_RELEASE";static string[] Plugins_Alpha = new string[] {"Assets/Plugins/Android/libs/armeabi-v7a/alpha.so",};static string[] Plugins_Beta = new string[] {"Assets/Plugins/Android/libs/armeabi-v7a/beta.so",};// Build the Android APK and place into main project folderstatic string GetBuildPathAndroid(){string dirPath = Application.dataPath + "/../build/android/";if (!System.IO.Directory.Exists(dirPath)){System.IO.Directory.CreateDirectory(dirPath);}return dirPath;}/// <summary>/// </summary>[UnityEditor.MenuItem("CloudBuild/CloudAlpha-Release")]static void PerformBuildAndroidCloudAlphaRelease(){EditorUserBuildSettings.SwitchActiveBuildTarget(BuildTarget.Android);string[] scenes = { "Assets/Scenes/Init.unity", "Assets/Scenes/Main.unity" };string path = GetBuildPathAndroid();if (scenes == null || scenes.Length == 0 || path == null){Debug.LogError("error scene is null");return;}string tempid = PlayerSettings.bundleIdentifier;string name = PlayerSettings.productName;bool virtualRealitySupported = PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported;PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported = true;PlayerSettings.bundleIdentifier = "net.itsong.vralpha";PlayerSettings.productName = PRODUCT_NAME;PlayerSettings.Android.keystoreName = "";PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasName = "";PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasPass = "";PlayerSettings.Android.keystorePass = "";PlayerSettings.Android.bundleVersionCode = GlobalConfig.ClientVersionCode;PlayerSettings.bundleVersion = GlobalConfig.ClientVersion;string defines = PlayerSettings.GetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android);UseAndroidManifest("Alpha");ChangePluginToAlpha();PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android, DEFINES_ALPHA + DEFINES_RELEASE);string buildpath = path + string.Format("cloudvr_alpha_release_{0}.apk", DateTime.Now.ToString("MMddHHmm", DateTimeFormatInfo.InvariantInfo));BuildPipeline.BuildPlayer(scenes, buildpath, BuildTarget.Android, BuildOptions.None);PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported = virtualRealitySupported;PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android, defines);PlayerSettings.bundleIdentifier = tempid;PlayerSettings.productName = name;PlayerSettings.Android.keystoreName = "";PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasName = "";PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasPass = "";PlayerSettings.Android.keystorePass = "";string dir = path.Replace('/', '\\'); #if UNITY_EDITOR_WINSystem.Diagnostics.Process.Start("explorer.exe", "\"" + dir + "\""); #endif}/// <summary>/// 切換alpha平臺/// </summary>[UnityEditor.MenuItem("CloudBuild/SwitchToAlpha", priority = 50)]static void SwitchToAlpha(){PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android, DEFINES_ALPHA);PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.iOS, DEFINES_ALPHA);PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported = true;EditorBuildSettings.scenes = new EditorBuildSettingsScene[] {new EditorBuildSettingsScene("Assets/Scenes/Init.unity", true),new EditorBuildSettingsScene("Assets/Scenes/Main.unity", true)};//場景UseAndroidManifest("Alpha");ChangePluginToAlpha();EditorSceneManager.SaveCurrentModifiedScenesIfUserWantsTo();EditorSceneManager.OpenScene("Assets/Scenes/Main.unity");}/// <summary>/// 切換beta平臺/// </summary>[UnityEditor.MenuItem("CloudBuild/SwitchToBeta", priority = 50)]static void SwitchToBeta(){PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android, DEFINES_BETA);PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.iOS, DEFINES_BETA);PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported = true;EditorBuildSettings.scenes = new EditorBuildSettingsScene[] {new EditorBuildSettingsScene("Assets/Scenes/Init.unity", true),new EditorBuildSettingsScene("Assets/Scenes/Main.unity", true)};//場景UseAndroidManifest("Beta");ChangePluginToBeta();EditorSceneManager.SaveCurrentModifiedScenesIfUserWantsTo();EditorSceneManager.OpenScene("Assets/Scenes/Main.unity");}/// <summary>/// 使用相應的androidmanifest/// </summary>static void UseAndroidManifest(string filename){string src_filename = string.Format("AndroidManifest-{0}.xml", filename);string dst_filename = "AndroidManifest.xml";string path = Application.dataPath + "/Plugins/Android/";File.Copy(path + src_filename, path + dst_filename, true);PlayerSettings.Android.bundleVersionCode = GlobalConfig.ClientVersionCode;PlayerSettings.bundleVersion = GlobalConfig.ClientVersion;AssetDatabase.Refresh();}static void ChangePluginToAlpha(){SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Alpha, true);SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Beta, false);}static void ChangePluginToBeta(){SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Alpha, false);SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Beta, true);}static void SetEnablePluginImport(string[] plugins, bool enable = true){foreach(var path in plugins){PluginImporter vrlib = AssetImporter.GetAtPath(path) as PluginImporter;vrlib.SetCompatibleWithPlatform(BuildTarget.Android, enable);}} }

后續

?這里沒寫build ios ipa包的過程，ios的build過程會稍微長一些，要先build好xcode project然后再通過xcode的命令行去打包，所以前半部分與android是可以復用的，只要稍加修改就可以支持ios的build。另外我們現在做vr相關的app，大部分都是android版本，所以apk的管理比較實用。

總結

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