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地震數值模擬研究及應用

摘要

本論文是對數值模擬中波動方程相移法及相移加插值方法的應用。使用相移法對地下的地層模型進行正演和偏移，但是相移法只針對縱向速度變化的模型。為了得到更好的地質模型的效果，引入了相移加插值的方法對水平變化的復雜模型進行延拓，最終跟相移法進行比對，分析了兩種方法的優勢與不足。

在對相移法的實驗過程中，采用了模型簡化，以求取平均速度的方式采用深度延拓，然后對點脈沖進行正演以及偏移，印證了實驗的正確性后，又采用了這種方法對其他復雜模型進行了實驗，另外還在相移的基礎上使用了相移加插值的方法，對模型進行了檢驗和分析。

通過一系列的試算后，發現相移加插值的方法比起相移法精度更高，并且在傾角很大的速度模型上，相移加插值的方法更能夠識別地層的有效信息，并且在一些復雜的模型上也體現了出來，但是，相移加插值有計算量較大的缺點。

關鍵詞：波場 偏移 脈沖 相移 插值

The research and application of seismic numerical simulation

Abstract: The research and application of the phase shift and interpolation of wave equation in numerical simulation is studied in this paper. The forward modeling and migration of the underground strata are carried out by using the phase shift method, but the phase shift method is only used to model the longitudinal velocity change. In order to get better geological models, the introduction of the reference velocity interpolation method on changes in the level of complex model extension, eventually with phase shift method for comparison, analyses advantages and disadvantages of the two methods.

In the phase shift method in the course of the experiment, the model is simplified, in order to obtain the mean velocity with depth extrapolation and to point pulse forward modeling and migration, confirms the correctness of the experiment and uses this method to other complex model experiments were carried out, still another phase shift based on using the reference velocity of wave field interpolation, the model were test and analysis.

Through a series of trial and error analysis found higher than phase shift precision interpolation method of phase shift, and the inclination angle is very big velocity model and interpolation method can effective recognition of stratigraphic information, and in some complex models is also reflected in it. However, phase shift interpolation calculation of large amount of defects.

Keywords: wave field migration pulse phase shift interpolation

目錄

TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u 摘要 I

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