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由于視神經(jīng)節(jié)細(xì)胞位于視網(wǎng)膜內(nèi)層，所以高眼壓會首先傷害視神經(jīng)

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眼壓稍高于正常值，但這個程度是不會引起眼睛脹痛的，疲勞的脹痛和真正眼壓高的脹痛是截然不同的，但描述出來沒有任何區(qū)別，這是語言的局限性。除了青光眼眼壓會高還要排除測量的誤差，一是患者測量時過于緊張，頻繁眨眼會導(dǎo)致眼壓暫時升高，再者角膜后也會讓測量值高，排除這些因素后還高就要進(jìn)一步排除。【1】

?上述信息來自 【4】

堅持按壓膀胱經(jīng)“仆參”和“申脈”兩個穴位 【5】

【6】中提到，疲勞和看電子產(chǎn)品過多也會引起眼壓升高。

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原發(fā)性青光眼：

開角型青光眼

閉角型青光眼

圖示區(qū)別如下：

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Types of Glaucoma
The most common type of glaucoma, open-angle glaucoma (OAG), represents more than 90% of glaucoma cases in the United States and Canada. That’s more than 2.7 million people.【7】

（90%都是開角型）

Primary open-angle glaucoma can begin with no warning signs, so it is often referred to as the “silent thief of eyesight.” This is a chronic form of glaucoma which gradually reduces vision. Without a routine eye exam, this eye problem can very easily be overlooked, leading to vision loss eventually.

（原發(fā)性開角型青光眼一開始可能沒有任何征兆，因此常被稱為“無聲的視力竊賊”這是一種慢性青光眼，會逐漸降低視力。如果沒有常規(guī)的眼科檢查，這個眼部問題很容易被忽視，最終導(dǎo)致視力下降。）

What makes primary open-angle glaucoma difficult to spot is that aside from not presenting symptoms, it doesn’t show any abnormalities either.（原發(fā)性開角型青光眼除了沒有癥狀外，也沒有表現(xiàn)出任何異常，這使得原發(fā)性開角型青光眼很難被發(fā)現(xiàn)。）

Causes and risk factors for primary open-angle glaucoma
Primary open-angle glaucoma is caused by an imbalance in the production and drainage of the aqueous humor. This is the fluid that fills the anterior chamber of the eye. If there’s too much of this fluid produced and it is not well drained, then it can raise the pressure inside the eye – known as intraocular pressure (IOP) – to dangerous levels.（原發(fā)性開角型青光眼是由房水的產(chǎn)生和排出不平衡引起的。這是填充眼睛前房的液體。如果產(chǎn)生的這種液體太多，而且沒有很好地排出，那么它可能會將眼睛內(nèi)的壓力——即眼內(nèi)壓（IOP）——提高到危險的水平。）

As eye pressure increases, it begins to push up against nerve fibers of the optic nerve, which is responsible for sending signals and information to the brain. As a result, there isn’t enough oxygen and nutrients reaching the optic nerve. Slowly but surely, high IOP causes irreversible damage contributing to vision loss.（隨著眼壓的增加，它開始向上擠壓負(fù)責(zé)向大腦發(fā)送信號和信息的視神經(jīng)纖維。因此，沒有足夠的氧氣和營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)到達(dá)視神經(jīng)。緩慢但肯定的是，高眼壓會導(dǎo)致不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的損害，導(dǎo)致視力下降。）

Vision loss in primary open-angle glaucoma typically begins in the peripheral vision and then moves slowly to central vision.（原發(fā)性開角型青光眼的視力喪失通常始于外周視力，然后緩慢轉(zhuǎn)移至中心視力。）

Risk factors for primary open-angle glaucoma include being of older age, having certain medical problems like diabetes, being extremely nearsighted, having a previous eye surgery, having eye abnormalities, being African-American, having a family history of glaucoma, and living an unhealthy lifestyle (which includes being sedentary and eating poorly).（原發(fā)性開角型青光眼的風(fēng)險因素包括年齡較大、患有糖尿病等某些醫(yī)學(xué)問題、極度近視、曾接受過眼科手術(shù)、眼部異常、非洲裔美國人、有青光眼家族史、，以及過著不健康的生活方式（包括久坐不動和飲食不良）。）

Signs and symptoms of primary open-angle glaucoma
As mentioned, primary open-angle glaucoma often starts off without presenting any symptoms. It is not until the disease progresses that patients start noticing changes to their vision or any problems.

（如前所述，原發(fā)性開角型青光眼起病時通常沒有任何癥狀。直到疾病進(jìn)展，患者才開始注意到視力的變化或任何問題。）【8】

The global problem of glaucoma
The global prevalence of open angle glaucoma is estimated to be 3.05%.[1] Glaucoma is the most frequent cause of irreversible vision loss worldwide.【9】（據(jù)估計，全球開角型青光眼的患病率為3.05%。）

The earlier glaucoma is detected and treatment started, the less likely it is for a person to be impacted by the condition. For this reason, all adults 50 years or older should attend an eye health professional every 2 years for a comprehensive eye exam. People who have a family history of glaucoma or are of African or Asian descent should attend every 2 years from the age of 40.（亞裔40歲以上每兩年檢查一次）【9】

Reference:

【1】你好，我眼睛脹，有時候還脹痛，眼壓是23,24正常嗎_尋醫(yī)問藥網(wǎng)_xywy.com

【2】青光眼的分類及各自的臨床表現(xiàn)

【3】青光眼的分類？ - 知乎

【4】眼壓高就一定是青光眼嗎？ - 好大夫在線

【5】《原創(chuàng)》降低高眼壓青光眼患者眼壓的有效方法！_青光眼吧_百度貼吧

【6】眼睛疲勞會引起眼壓升高嗎。_有問必答_快速問醫(yī)生

【7】Glaucoma: Causes and Risk Factors?

【8】Primary open-angle glaucoma: Causes, risk factors, and symptoms?

【9】Open Angle Glaucoma - What is it, Causes and Treatment. | Eye Health

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