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圖片：http://stackphp.com/

如上圖所示，中心的綠色區(qū)域是整個(gè)應(yīng)用的核心區(qū)域。

所以，中間件就是一系列處理請(qǐng)求和響應(yīng)的方式而不是你用程序邏輯的一部分。

Laravel 中默認(rèn)使用中間件處理請(qǐng)求中的加密解密，以及 Cookies 和 Sessions。你也可以自定義自己所需的中間件。

寫中間件

artisan make:middleware MyMiddleware

執(zhí)行上面的命令，生成中間件文件：

<?php?namespace?App\Http\Middleware;use?Closure; use?Illuminate\Contracts\Routing\Middleware;class?MyMiddleware?implements?Middleware?{/***?Handle?an?incoming?request.**?@param??\Illuminate\Http\Request??$request*?@param??\Closure??$next*?@return?mixed*/public?function?handle($request,?Closure?$next){//}}

完善 handle 方法的內(nèi)容（用請(qǐng)求端口來(lái)做個(gè)例子）：

<?php?namespace?App\Http\Middleware;use?Closure; use?Illuminate\Contracts\Routing\Middleware;class?MyMiddleware?implements?Middleware?{/***?Handle?an?incoming?request.**?@param??\Illuminate\Http\Request??$request*?@param??\Closure??$next*?@return?mixed*/public?function?handle($request,?Closure?$next){//?Test?for?an?even?vs.?odd?remote?portif?(($request->server->get('REMOTE_PORT')?/?2)?%?2?>?0){throw?new?\Exception("WE?DON'T?LIKE?ODD?REMOTE?PORTS");}return?$next($request);}}

使用中間件

Laravel 5 中有兩種方法加入中間件，都是寫在 App\Providers\AppServiceProvider。

默認(rèn)有兩個(gè)屬性 $middleware 和 $stack ，$stack 里面的中間件是每次響應(yīng)都會(huì)處理，而 $middleware 中的中間件是按需處理。

一幫情況下默認(rèn)的中間件如下：

protected?$stack?=?['App\Http\Middleware\MaintenanceMiddleware','Illuminate\Cookie\Middleware\Guard','Illuminate\Cookie\Middleware\Queue','Illuminate\Session\Middleware\Reader','Illuminate\Session\Middleware\Writer',];protected?$middleware?=?['auth'?=?'App\Http\Middleware\AuthMiddleware','auth.basic'?=>?'App\Http\Middleware\BasicAuthMiddleware','csrf'?=>?'App\Http\Middleware\CsrfMiddleware','guest'?=>?'App\Http\Middleware\GuestMiddleware',];

中間件每次請(qǐng)求都處理：

protected?$stack?=?['App\Http\Middleware\MyMiddleware''App\Http\Middleware\MaintenanceMiddleware','Illuminate\Cookie\Middleware\Guard','Illuminate\Cookie\Middleware\Queue','Illuminate\Session\Middleware\Reader','Illuminate\Session\Middleware\Writer',];

中間件按需處理：

?protected?$middleware?=?['auth'?=>?'App\Http\Middleware\AuthMiddleware','auth.basic'?=>?'App\Http\Middleware\BasicAuthMiddleware','csrf'?=>?'App\Http\Middleware\CsrfMiddleware','guest'?=>?'App\Http\Middleware\GuestMiddleware','absurd'?=>?'App\Http\Middleware\MyMiddleware',];

中間件路由注釋

直接寫到控制器類：

/***?@Resource("foobar/photos")*?@Middleware("auth")*?@Middleware("absurd",?except={"update"})*?@Middleware("csrf",?only={"index"})*/ class?FoobarPhotosController {}

寫到方法：

/***?@Middleware("auth.basic")*/ public?function?index()?{}

$this->middleware()

可以在構(gòu)造函數(shù)或者方法內(nèi)使用 $this->middleware() 來(lái)加載相應(yīng)的中間件。

... use?Illuminate\Routing\Controller;class?AwesomeController?extends?Controller?{public?function?__construct(){$this->middleware('csrf');$this->middleware('auth',?['only'?=>?'update'])}}

routes.php 設(shè)置中間件

//?Routes.php//?Single?route $router->get("/awesome/sauce",?"AwesomeController@sauce",?['middleware'?=>?'auth']);//?Route?group $router->group(['middleware'?=>?'auth'],?function()?{//?lots?of?routes?that?require?auth?middleware });

響應(yīng)之前和之后處理

應(yīng)用程序響應(yīng)之前和之后的中間件處理：

之前處理：

... class?BeforeMiddleware?implements?Middleware?{public?function?handle($request,?Closure?$next){//?Do?Stuffreturn?$next($request);}}

之后處理：

... class?AfterMiddleware?implements?Middleware?{public?function?handle($request,?Closure?$next){$response?=?$next($request);//?Do?stuffreturn?$response;}}

轉(zhuǎn)載于:https://my.oschina.net/u/2444569/blog/511719

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