1、首先進行數據訓的XltraBackup備份，有備無患，切記切記！

2、
mysql -uroot -pD******** -- 導出csv文件 use dsideal_db;MariaDB [dsideal_db]> SELECT * from t_resource_info INTO OUTFILE "/usr/local/mysql/t_resource_info.txt" FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"' LINES TERMINATED BY '\n'; Query OK, 1582463 rows affected (29.97 sec)3、切分csv文件，這樣分批導入更快，更方便，參考這里：http://www.nowamagic.net/librarys/veda/detail/2495，但是不能使用按容量啊，一定要按行。說日志太大拿不回來的，罰面壁一小時！ mkdir /usr/local/huanghai -p split -a 2 -d -l 50000 /usr/local/mysql/t_resource_info.txt /usr/local/huanghai/prefix 2-3秒吧3、清空原表，修改字段，反正有備份，不怕的
　　truncate t_resource_info;
　　alter table t_resource_info add huanghai_test int;
4、優化環境配置，準備開始導入 SET autocommit=0; SET unique_checks=0; SET foreign_key_checks=0; set sql_log_bin=0;SET @innodb_additional_mem_pool_size=26214400; set @innodb_buffer_pool_size=1073741824; set @innodb_log_buffer_size=8388608; set @innodb_log_file_size=268435456;load data infile '/usr/local/huanghai/prefix00' IGNORE into table dsideal_db.t_resource_info_huanghai fields terminated by ',' enclosed by '"'; load data infile '/usr/local/huanghai/prefix01' IGNORE into table dsideal_db.t_resource_info_huanghai fields terminated by ',' enclosed by '"'; load data infile '/usr/local/huanghai/prefix02' IGNORE into table dsideal_db.t_resource_info_huanghai fields terminated by ',' enclosed by '"'; load data infile '/usr/local/huanghai/prefix03' IGNORE into table dsideal_db.t_resource_info_huanghai fields terminated by ',' enclosed by '"'; load data infile '/usr/local/huanghai/prefix04' IGNORE into table dsideal_db.t_resource_info_huanghai fields terminated by ',' enclosed by '"'; load data infile '/usr/local/huanghai/prefix05' IGNORE into table dsideal_db.t_resource_info_huanghai fields terminated by ',' enclosed by '"'; load data infile '/usr/local/huanghai/prefix06' IGNORE into table dsideal_db.t_resource_info_huanghai fields terminated by ',' enclosed by '"'; load data infile '/usr/local/huanghai/prefix07' IGNORE into table dsideal_db.t_resource_info_huanghai fields terminated by ',' enclosed by '"'; load data infile '/usr/local/huanghai/prefix08' IGNORE into table dsideal_db.t_resource_info_huanghai fields terminated by ',' enclosed by '"'; load data infile '/usr/local/huanghai/prefix09' IGNORE into table dsideal_db.t_resource_info_huanghai fields terminated by ',' enclosed by '"'; load data infile '/usr/local/huanghai/prefix10' IGNORE into table dsideal_db.t_resource_info_huanghai fields terminated by ',' enclosed by '"'; load data infile '/usr/local/huanghai/prefix11' IGNORE into table dsideal_db.t_resource_info_huanghai fields terminated by ',' enclosed by '"'; load data infile '/usr/local/huanghai/prefix12' IGNORE into table dsideal_db.t_resource_info_huanghai fields terminated by ',' enclosed by '"'; load data infile '/usr/local/huanghai/prefix13' IGNORE into table dsideal_db.t_resource_info_huanghai fields terminated by ',' enclosed by '"'; load data infile '/usr/local/huanghai/prefix14' IGNORE into table dsideal_db.t_resource_info_huanghai fields terminated by ',' enclosed by '"'; load data infile '/usr/local/huanghai/prefix15' IGNORE into table dsideal_db.t_resource_info_huanghai fields terminated by ',' enclosed by '"'; load data infile '/usr/local/huanghai/prefix16' IGNORE into table dsideal_db.t_resource_info_huanghai fields terminated by ',' enclosed by '"'; load data infile '/usr/local/huanghai/prefix17' IGNORE into table dsideal_db.t_resource_info_huanghai fields terminated by ',' enclosed by '"'; load data infile '/usr/local/huanghai/prefix18' IGNORE into table dsideal_db.t_resource_info_huanghai fields terminated by ',' enclosed by '"'; load data infile '/usr/local/huanghai/prefix19' IGNORE into table dsideal_db.t_resource_info_huanghai fields terminated by ',' enclosed by '"';commit;5、恢復現場 SET autocommit=1; SET unique_checks=1; SET foreign_key_checks=1; set sql_log_bin=1;

6、建議使用python3進行開發一個程序，這樣方便串連起來，這是我目前能想到的最好辦法，基本無風險，速度上基本能利用磁盤的最大IO，不建議采用修改frm等暴力辦法，那個對于最后面追加字段的可能還行，對于字段在中間的
可能就是災難，而且沒有辦法程序化，這個辦法是用python3開發起來，基本無困難。

?補充一下測試結果，但這臺機器實在是太NB了，可能一般的客戶沒有這樣的條件，供參考吧：

?測試表：
?t_resource_info
?記錄個數：1582937


?一、生成
[root@localhost TestLoadFile]# python3 ExportData.py
2017-11-05 17:03:57????? 成功創建工作目錄！
2017-11-05 17:03:59????? 開始導出數據...
2017-11-05 17:04:29????? 成功導出數據！
2017-11-05 17:04:29????? 正在進行分割...
2017-11-05 17:04:32????? 成功進行分割！
導出需要35秒

二、重新導入
[root@localhost TestLoadFile]# python3 ImportData.py
2017-11-05 16:58:08,378 INFO??? : 開始生成SQL腳本...
2017-11-05 16:58:08,380 INFO??? : 成功生成SQL腳本！
2017-11-05 16:58:08,380 INFO??? : 開始執行SQL腳本...
2017-11-05 16:59:27,223 INFO??? : SQL腳本執行成功！
導入需要79秒

合計需要114秒。

===================================================================================================
測試用機：

物理機，4顆CPU
cat /proc/cpuinfo| grep "physical id"| sort| uniq| wc -l
4

CPU核數：
cat /proc/cpuinfo| grep "cpu cores"


邏輯處理器個數：
cat /proc/cpuinfo| grep "processor"| wc -l
64

cpu 型號:
[root@localhost TestLoadFile]# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep name | cut -f2 -d: | uniq -c
64? Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E7-4809 v4 @ 2.10GHz

內存：
cat /proc/meminfo
MemTotal:?????? 65845352 kB

===================================================================================================

附10.10.14.224測試用例

[root@localhost TestLoadFile]# python3 ExportData.py
2017-11-06 07:51:14????? 成功創建工作目錄！
2017-11-06 07:51:14????? 開始導出數據...
2017-11-06 07:53:12????? 成功導出數據！
2017-11-06 07:53:12????? 正在進行分割...
2017-11-06 07:53:27????? 成功進行分割！
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root
[root@localhost TestLoadFile]# python3? ImportData.py
2017-11-06 07:55:37,622 INFO??? : 開始生成SQL腳本...
2017-11-06 07:55:37,629 INFO??? : 成功生成SQL腳本！
2017-11-06 07:55:37,630 INFO??? : 開始執行SQL腳本...
2017-11-06 08:07:40,093 INFO??? : SQL腳本執行成功！

===================================================================================================

附：測試用例 鏈接：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1dFbCEIl 密碼：75j5

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