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photoshop入门教程_Photoshop入门

發(fā)布時間：2023/12/31 编程问答 47 豆豆

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photoshop入門教程

Photoshop入門 (Getting Started With Photoshop)

It doesn’t matter if you are new to the world of graphic design, or you are a photographer and you want to enhance your photos, you will eventually encounter the need to use Adobe Photoshop. Remembering when I first started out, I recall how intimidated I was at all of the menus and features available. I wondered how I would ever begin to know how to work my way through Photoshop and create professional quality, eye-dazzling work. Years later, I use Photoshop on a daily basis, and my actions are more like reflexes and I can complete most tasks without a second thought. I won’t lie to you. You won’t be able to go from getting started, to pro overnight, but you can take comfort in knowing that everyone has to start somewhere.

無論您是圖形設(shè)計領(lǐng)域的新手，還是攝影師，想要增強照片質(zhì)量，最終都會遇到使用Adobe Photoshop的需求。記得剛起步時，我對所有可用的菜單和功能有多大的恐懼。我想知道我將如何開始知道如何通過Photoshop進行工作并創(chuàng)建專業(yè)質(zhì)量的，令人眼花azz亂的作品。多年后，我每天都使用Photoshop，我的動作更像是反射，我可以不花時間地完成大多數(shù)任務(wù)。我不會騙你的您將無法從入門到通宵達旦，但您可以放心，因為每個人都必須從某個地方開始。

逐步了解Photoshop (Getting to Know Your Way Around Photoshop)

It is good to have a general idea of where everything is, so that you can work your way around the Photoshop interface. To get started, I will list some terminology, and where you can find it in Photoshop.

最好大致了解所有內(nèi)容，以便您可以在Photoshop界面周圍工作。首先，我將列出一些術(shù)語，并在Photoshop中提供這些術(shù)語。

1.主菜單 (1. Main Menu)

This is where your Options, Image Adjustments and Filters are. When you run filters in Photoshop, they will be found in this section under the Filters Menu.2. Options Bar

這是您的選項，圖像調(diào)整和濾鏡所在的位置。在Photoshop中運行濾鏡時，可以在本節(jié)的“濾鏡”菜單下找到它們。 2.選項欄

This menu is most used when you have a tool selected. It allows you to adjust settings that are specified for the active tool.

當您選擇工具時，此菜單最有用。它允許您調(diào)整為活動工具指定的設(shè)置。

2.工具箱 (2. Toolbox)

By default, this sits on the left side of your screen and contains all of the different tools that are available in the program. If a tool contains a black triangle in the bottom-right corner, then there are other tools related to that one stored in a sub menu. All you have to do is click and hold your mouse over that tool to reveal the submenu.

默認情況下，它位于屏幕的左側(cè)，包含程序中可用的所有不同工具。如果某個工具的右下角包含一個黑色三角形，則子菜單中存儲了與此工具相關(guān)的其他工具。您所要做的就是在該工具上單擊并按住鼠標，以顯示子菜單。

學習Photoshop時可能聽到的術(shù)語 (Terms That You May Hear When Learning Photoshop)

When learning Photoshop, you may be watching video tutorials, reading a book, or reading a blog tutorial online about how to do something in Photoshop. Most writers have an assumption that the reader has a general idea of the basic terminology involved with using Photoshop.

學習Photoshop時，您可能正在觀看有關(guān)如何在Photoshop中進行操作的視頻教程，閱讀書籍或在線閱讀博客教程。大多數(shù)作者都假設(shè)讀者對使用Photoshop所涉及的基本術(shù)語有一般的了解。

面板 (Panels)

This refers to each window inside of Photoshop, which contains controls over different aspects of your document. Good examples would be the Color Panel, the Layers Panel, the Paths Panel, and anything else besides the toolbox that is open alongside your actual Photoshop document. What is great about Panels is that you can arrange them however you desire. You can dock any panel with another set of panels, so that you can consolidate your workspace. This is especially handy for people who are working on a laptop or a smaller monitor. All you have to do is click and drag the title tab of any panel over another panel. The bottom panel will outline in blue, letting you know that you can dock this panel with another set. Release your mouse, and now you will have multiple panels in one small window.

這是指Photoshop內(nèi)的每個窗口，其中包含對文檔不同方面的控件。很好的例子是“顏色面板”，“圖層面板”，“路徑面板”，以及與實際Photoshop文檔一起打開的工具箱以外的其他任何東西。面板的優(yōu)點是您可以根據(jù)需要安排它們。您可以將任何面板與另一組面板對接，以便合并工作區(qū)。這對于在筆記本電腦或較小的顯示器上工作的人特別方便。您所要做的就是單擊任意面板的標題選項卡并將其拖動到另一個面板上。底部面板將顯示為藍色輪廓，讓您知道可以將該面板與另一組面板對接。釋放鼠標，現(xiàn)在您將在一個小窗口中擁有多個面板。

A good rule of thumb is to dock alike items. I tend to dock Swatches, Color, Styles and Kuler together. Then, I dock Layers, Channels, and Paths together. I also dock brushes and brush presets together, and I dock the Character and Paragraph panels together.

一個好的經(jīng)驗法則是停放相同的物品。我傾向于將色板，顏色，樣式和Kuler對接在一起。然后，將層，通道和路徑對接在一起。我還將筆刷和筆刷預(yù)設(shè)停靠在一起，并且將“角色”和“段落”面板停靠在一起。

文件視窗 (Document Window)

This is the actual image or file that you are working on in Photoshop. This also refers to any other open document inside of Photoshop. You can have multiple images open in Photoshop at once.

這是您在Photoshop中處理的實際圖像或文件。這也指Photoshop中的任何其他打開的文檔。您可以一次在Photoshop中打開多個圖像。

對話框 (Dialog Box)

This refers to a popup box that opens when you select choose to use a filter, or certain options in Photoshop. Dialog boxes usually contain options and settings for the filter or action that you just selected.

這是指當您選擇選擇使用濾鏡或Photoshop中的某些選項時打開的彈出框。對話框通常包含您剛剛選擇的過濾器或操作的選項和設(shè)置。

適應(yīng)周圍環(huán)境 (Get Comfortable With Your Surroundings)

Adobe loves to make it easy to set things up how you like it. They have integrated a feature called workspaces. Workspaces allow you to set up your Photoshop panels how you like them. You can arrange your workspace exactly how you like it and save it for later as a preset.

Adobe喜歡使設(shè)置方式變得容易而又容易。他們集成了一個稱為工作區(qū)的功能。工作區(qū)使您可以按照自己的喜好設(shè)置Photoshop面板。您可以按照自己喜歡的方式安排工作空間，并將其保存為以后的預(yù)設(shè)。

Photoshop already comes with workspace presets that are geared towards different professionals. The presets are Essentials, Design, Painting, Photography, 3D, Motion, and New in CS5. You can save your own presets easily. Simply arrange your panels and workspace exactly how you’d like it. You can close certain panels that you don’t use frequently, and if there are panels that you want to be active, but you don’t see them, you can make them visible quickly. Simply go to Window> and then select the panel that you want to make visible. Once you have everything how you like it, click the double arrow next to your list of workspaces, and select New Workspace.

Photoshop已經(jīng)帶有針對不同專業(yè)人士的工作區(qū)預(yù)設(shè)。預(yù)設(shè)為CS5中的基本，設(shè)計，繪畫，攝影，3D，運動和新建。您可以輕松保存自己的預(yù)設(shè)。只需按照您想要的方式布置面板和工作區(qū)即可。您可以關(guān)閉某些您不經(jīng)常使用的面板，并且如果有一些面板要激活，但是您看不到它們，則可以使它們快速可見。只需轉(zhuǎn)到“窗口”>，然后選擇要使其可見的面板。擁有所需的一切后，請單擊工作區(qū)列表旁邊的雙箭頭，然后選擇“新建工作區(qū)”。

A dialog box will pop up, allow you to name your workspace so that you can activate it later. You will also have the option to remember your keyboard shortcuts and your menu setup as well. This enables you to have the ultimate flexibility you need, and you can switch workspaces with a simple click of a button. This speeds up your workflow, and saves you time, because you aren’t constantly opening and closing panels, moving them, rearranging them, etc.

將會彈出一個對話框，允許您命名工作空間，以便以后可以激活它。您還可以選擇記住鍵盤快捷鍵和菜單設(shè)置。這使您具有所需的最終靈活性，并且只需單擊一下按鈕即可切換工作區(qū)。這可以加快工作流程并節(jié)省時間，因為您不會經(jīng)常打開和關(guān)閉面板，移動面板，重新排列面板等。

新文件 (New Documents)

Simply go to File> New to open a blank document. A dialog box will come up with several options. You can choose a custom file size, resolution and the color mode for your document. If you are brand new to the world of Photoshop, then you will want to know what these are, and what they mean.

只需轉(zhuǎn)到“文件”>“新建”以打開空白文檔。一個對話框?qū)@示幾個選項。您可以為文檔選擇自定義文件大小，分辨率和顏色模式。如果您是Photoshop領(lǐng)域的新手，那么您將想知道它們是什么，以及它們的含義。

寬度和高度 (Width and Height)

The width and height of your document are important. You can select whether you work in inches, pixels, centimeters, millimeters, points, picas or columns. A pixel is the smallest block of color information that makes up an image. You would most likely choose pixels if you are designing for the web, because dimensions are set in pixels. Inches will be useful in print design, because you are referring to the physical size of the document.

文檔的寬度和高度很重要。您可以選擇以英寸，像素，厘米，毫米，點，皮卡或列來工作。像素是組成圖像的最小顏色信息塊。如果您是為網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計的，則很可能會選擇像素，因為尺寸是以像素為單位設(shè)置的。英寸在打印設(shè)計中很有用，因為您指的是文檔的實際尺寸。

Centimeters, millimeters, points, and picas are also used for print, but aren’t as widely used anymore.

厘米，毫米，點和皮卡(picas)也用于打印，但不再廣泛使用。

解析度 (Resolution)

The resolution of your document is as equally important as the size. Work that you do for the web is usually done in 72ppi or pixels per inch. This is the resolution in which most monitors display their images. If you are designing your work for print purposes, such as commercial photography, or anything that you want to print, such as photos, business cards, flyers, and brochures, then you will want to choose 300ppi. This is denser and gives a sharper image.

文檔的分辨率與大小同樣重要。您在網(wǎng)上所做的工作通常以每英寸72ppi或像素的速度完成。這是大多數(shù)監(jiān)視器顯示其圖像的分辨率。如果您將作品設(shè)計用于打印目的(例如商業(yè)攝影)或想要打印的任何東西(例如照片，名片，傳單和小冊子)，那么您將希望選擇300ppi。這會更密集并提供更清晰的圖像。

色彩模式 (Color Mode)

Your color mode is important, because just as in resolution, your color mode will depend on your intended outcome. The most commonly used color modes are RGB and CMYK. Lab Color, Bitmap and Grayscale are the other options for color modes. LAB mode is used for a lot of professional color correction, and you can do some things in this color mode that are harder to do in other modes. This is usually for more advanced users that understand Photoshop well already, because LAB color mode is a completely different animal.

您的色彩模式很重要，因為與分辨率一樣，您的色彩模式將取決于您預(yù)期的結(jié)果。最常用的顏色模式是RGB和CMYK。實驗室顏色，位圖和灰度是顏色模式的其他選項。 LAB模式用于許多專業(yè)的色彩校正，并且您可以在此色彩模式下執(zhí)行某些在其他模式下很難執(zhí)行的操作。這通常適用于已經(jīng)非常了解Photoshop的高級用戶，因為LAB顏色模式是完全不同的動物。

RGB (RGB)

RGB Color Mode is made up of 3 color channels- red, green and blue. RGB is mainly used for web design and for screen or monitor purposes. Monitor colors are made up of red, green and blue light in order to display images, so RGB mode is most suitable and true-to-life to work with. It is good to keep in mind that all monitors are different though. One monitor may display blue slightly different than the next monitor, and both of those could be different than the next in line.

RGB顏色模式由3個顏色通道組成-紅色，綠色和藍色。 RGB主要用于網(wǎng)頁設(shè)計以及屏幕或監(jiān)視器目的。顯示器的顏色由紅色，綠色和藍色的光組成，以顯示圖像，因此RGB模式最適合使用，并且栩栩如生。最好記住所有監(jiān)視器都不同。一臺顯示器顯示的藍色可能與另一臺顯示器顯示的藍色略有不同，并且兩者都可能與另一臺顯示器的藍色不同。

CMYK (CMYK)

CMYK mode is used mainly for print. CMYK stands for Cyan, Magenta, Yellow and Black. These are the colors of ink that make up an image in most conventional printers. You will find it interesting that the different combinations of Cyan, Magenta, and Yellow will make red, green and blue. When designing in Photoshop, it is important to keep in mind that an image in CMYK mode won’t look exactly the same printed as they do on a monitor. Designers have been battling this issue for years. There are color calibration tools that high-end professionals use, but it is still a good idea to use something called a proof.

CMYK模式主要用于打印。 CMYK代表青色，洋紅色，黃色和黑色。這些是大多數(shù)傳統(tǒng)打印機中構(gòu)成圖像的墨水顏色。您會發(fā)現(xiàn)有趣的是，青色，洋紅色和黃色的不同組合將產(chǎn)生紅色，綠色和藍色。在Photoshop中進行設(shè)計時，請務(wù)必記住，在CMYK模式下的圖像看起來與在顯示器上打印的圖像不會完全相同。多年來，設(shè)計師一直在與這個問題作斗爭。有高端專業(yè)人員使用的色彩校準工具，但是使用稱為校樣的東西仍然是一個好主意。

A proof is a printed sample of the image or design that you want to have printed. You compare this to your intended work on the monitor, and you make adjustments to your design based on the outcome of the proof. Your design may look perfect on your computer, but when it is printed, it is more yellow than it is supposed to be. Before the final print is approved, you would adjust your colors to compensate for the extra yellow, and you might even order a second proof.

校樣是您要打印的圖像或設(shè)計的打印樣本。您可以將其與顯示器上的預(yù)期工作進行比較，然后根據(jù)證明的結(jié)果對設(shè)計進行調(diào)整。您的設(shè)計在計算機上看起來可能很完美，但是在打印時，它比應(yīng)有的顏色更黃。在批準最終印刷之前，您將調(diào)整顏色以補償多余的黃色，甚至可能要訂購第二張校樣。

Some printers charge for hard copy proofs of your work, which some might argue isn’t worth the extra expense. It really depends on your project, because you might order 10,000 copies, and if they are all ruined, then you have to absorb the costs, or you could spend the extra $10 and be on the safe side.

有些打印機會收取您工作的紙質(zhì)證明，有些人可能會認為這不值得多花錢。這實際上取決于您的項目，因為您可能訂購10,000份，并且如果它們都毀了，那么您就必須承擔成本，或者您可以花掉額外的10美元來保證安全。

新文件預(yù)設(shè) (New document Presets)

Other than resolution and color modes, Photoshop makes life easier, and incorporates document presets, so you don’t have to remember dimensions for all of your documents. A good example would be if you make a lot of mockups of tablet screens, and you didn’t want to have to remember the dimensions of an ipad screen, a Samsung Galaxy, an ipod touch, and a dozen other devices. You could dial in the dimensions once, and save them as a preset. Photoshop already incorporates some presets out of the box, such as paper sizes, and normal web site sizes.

除了分辨率和色彩模式外，Photoshop還使工作更輕松，并且合并了文檔預(yù)設(shè)，因此您不必記住所有文檔的尺寸。一個很好的例子是，如果您制作了許多平板電腦屏幕的模型，而又不想記住ipad屏幕，三星Galaxy，ipod touch和許多其他設(shè)備的尺寸。您可以輸入一次尺寸，并將其另存為預(yù)設(shè)。 Photoshop已經(jīng)開箱即用地集成了一些預(yù)設(shè)，例如紙張尺寸和常規(guī)網(wǎng)站尺寸。

層數(shù) (Layers)

One of the most important aspects of Photoshop is the feature called Layers. Layers is where you can stack images on top of each other, blend images together, add color, take it away, merge layers together and much more. In the example below, the document is made up of 3 layers: the black background layer, the middle texture layer set to the blend mode of hard light and then the type layer on top. How layers stack will greatly determine the look of your work.

Photoshop最重要的方面之一是稱為圖層的功能。圖層是您可以彼此堆疊圖像，將圖像融合在一起，添加顏色，移除顏色，將圖層合并在一起等等。在下面的示例中，文檔由3層組成：黑色背景層，設(shè)置為強光混合模式的中間紋理層，然后是頂部的文字層。圖層如何堆疊將極大地決定您的工作外觀。

捷徑 (Shortcuts)

To make a new layer, hit Command/Ctrl +N to create a new layer. Personally, I use the Layers Panel, and there are keys that you can hit to save time and make life much easier. To create a new layer below the active layer, hold down the command/ctrl key when you click the new layer icon. You can create your own custom keyboard shortcuts by going to Window> Workspace> Keyboard SHortcuts & Menus.

要新建一個圖層，請按Command / Ctrl + N新建一個圖層。就個人而言，我使用“圖層面板”，您可以通過單擊某些鍵來節(jié)省時間并簡化工作。要在活動層下創(chuàng)建新層，請在單擊新層圖標時按住Command / Ctrl鍵。您可以轉(zhuǎn)到窗口>工作區(qū)>鍵盤快捷方式和菜單來創(chuàng)建自己的自定義鍵盤快捷鍵。

不透明度 (Opacity)

The opacity of a layer refers to how much you can see through it. 0% opacity means you can see right through it. 50% opacity means that it is 50% transparent. 100% opacity means that you can’t see through it at all. To lower a specific layer’s opacity, simply type the number of the opacity that you would like. For example, if you want 30% opacity for the selected layer, tap the 3 key. You can do this as much as you’d like. You can make a layer have double-digit opacity, by quickly tapping both numbers. For example, if you wanted a layer to have an opacity of 45%, you would quickly tap 4-5. In the example below, both circles are on their own layer and are set to 50% opacity.

圖層的不透明度是指您可以看到多少。 0％的不透明度意味著您可以直接看到它。 50％的不透明度表示它是50％的透明度。 100％不透明度意味著您根本看不到它。要降低特定圖層的不透明度，只需鍵入所需的不透明度數(shù)即可。例如，如果您希望所選圖層的不透明度為30％，請點擊3鍵。您可以隨心所欲地執(zhí)行此操作。通過快速點擊兩個數(shù)字，可以使圖層具有兩位數(shù)的不透明度。例如，如果您希望圖層的不透明度為45％，則可以快速點擊4-5。在下面的示例中，兩個圓都在各自的圖層上，并設(shè)置為50％不透明度。

To select multiple layers in order, hold shift and click the layers that you would like. If you want to select specific layers, hold down command/ctrl and click each layer. When multiple layers are selected you can move the contents of all of those layers at once. They are considered connected unless they are unselected.

要依次選擇多個圖層，請按住shift鍵并單擊所需的圖層。如果要選擇特定的圖層，請按住Command / Ctrl并單擊每個圖層。選擇多個圖層后，您可以一次移動所有這些圖層的內(nèi)容。除非未選擇它們，否則認為它們已連接。

A great way to organize your layers is to group them together. With multiple layers selected, go to Layer> New> Group From Layers. You can name this group anything you want, and all of those layers will be in this folder. You can click the triangle next to the folder to expand its contents. You can move a whole group of layers at once by selecting the group layer with the folder icon. You can also link layers by clicking the link icon at the bottom of the Layers Panel. When layers are linked together, they will move together in unison.

組織圖層的一種好方法是將它們組合在一起。選擇多個圖層后，轉(zhuǎn)到“圖層”>“新建”>“從圖層分組”。您可以根據(jù)需要命名該組，所有這些層都將在此文件夾中。您可以單擊文件夾旁邊的三角形以展開其內(nèi)容。通過選擇帶有文件夾圖標的組圖層，可以一次移動整個圖層組。您也可以通過單擊“圖層面板”底部的鏈接圖標來鏈接圖層。當圖層鏈接在一起時，它們將一起移動。

You can stack layers upon layers on top of each other. Sometimes, when you are done processing multiple layers, it might help to consolidate them. This is called merging layers. You can do this by selecting multiple layers and hitting the command/ctrl + the E key.

您可以將層層疊疊在一起。有時，當您完成多層處理后，可能有助于整合它們。這稱為合并層。您可以通過選擇多個圖層并單擊command / ctrl + E鍵來執(zhí)行此操作。

To duplicate a layer, hit command/ctrl+ J.

要復(fù)制圖層，請按Command / ctrl +J。

工具類 (Tools)

There are many tools at your disposal in Photoshop. I will cover them from left to right and from top to bottom. Below is a chart to follow along with.

Photoshop中提供了許多工具供您使用。我將從左到右，從上到下覆蓋它們。以下是要遵循的圖表。

1.選框工具 (1. The Marquee Tools)

Rectangular – This makes a rectangular selection on your Photoshop document. With any of the selection tools, you can hold shift to add to your selection, and hold option/alt to subtract from the selection. You can also feather your section, which blurs the transition between the boundaries of your selection and the rest of the image.

矩形–在您的Photoshop文檔中進行矩形選擇。使用任何選擇工具，您都可以按住shift鍵將其添加到選擇中，并按住option / alt鍵以從選擇中減去。您還可以對部分進行羽化，從而模糊選擇邊界和圖像其余部分之間的過渡。

Elliptical – This allows you to make a round selection, and the same rules for the rectangular marquee tool apply to the elliptical marquee tool.

橢圓–可以進行圓形選擇，并且矩形選框工具的相同規(guī)則也適用于橢圓選框工具。

Single Row – This tool makes a 1px horizontal selection that spans the total width of your document from left to right. This is great for created a 1px repeating pattern for your websites.

單行–此工具進行1px的水平選擇，從左到右跨文檔的總寬度。這非常適合為您的網(wǎng)站創(chuàng)建1px重復(fù)圖案。

Single Column – This tool makes a 1px vertical selection that spans the total height of your document from left to right. This is great for created a 1px repeating pattern for your websites.

單列–此工具進行1px的垂直選擇，從左到右橫跨文檔的總高度。這非常適合為您的網(wǎng)站創(chuàng)建1px重復(fù)圖案。

2.移動工具 (2. The Move Tool)

The move tool does just that. You can select anything on the current layer and move it to a different position on the screen. If you have made a selection, you can move the selection and it will cut it away from the rest of the layer. You can also tell Photoshop to AutoSelect Layers or groups, but this can be annoying when you are trying to work.

移動工具就是這樣做的。您可以選擇當前圖層上的任何內(nèi)容，然后將其移動到屏幕上的其他位置。如果做出選擇，則可以移動選擇，它將與其余圖層分開。您也可以告訴Photoshop自動選擇圖層或組，但這在您嘗試工作時可能很煩人。

3.套索工具 (3. The Lasso Tools)

The Lasso Tool – This tool lets you make loose selections around anything on a layer. It has the same options as the marquee tools.

套索工具–該工具可讓您圍繞圖層上的所有內(nèi)容進行松散選擇。它具有與選取框工具相同的選項。

The Polygonal Lasso Tool – This tool allows you to make selections, but it does so in a strictly linear fashion. In other words, you can draw straight lines for your selections.

多邊形套索工具–此工具可讓您進行選擇，但它以嚴格的線性方式進行。換句話說，您可以為選擇繪制直線。

The Magnetic Lasso Tool – This is a handy selection tool that allows you to drag your mouse over the boundaries of an image, and it determines where the edges are, and anchor points are placed at regular intervals. This should give you a close and relatively controlled selection.

磁性套索工具–這是一個方便的選擇工具，可讓您在圖像的邊界上拖動鼠標，并確定邊緣的位置，并按固定間隔放置錨點。這應(yīng)該給您一個緊密且相對受控的選擇。

4.快速選擇工具 (4. The Quick Selection Tool)

The Quick selection tool makes a selection based on the boundaries of objects. As it is with the name, it makes quick work of making selections, and you can simply drag over the areas that you want to select.

快速選擇工具基于對象的邊界進行選擇。就像名稱一樣，它可以快速進行選擇，您只需在要選擇的區(qū)域上拖動即可。

Magic Wand Tool – The magic wand tool makes a selection based on where you click your mouse. As with the other selection tools, hold shift to add to the selection and hold option/alt to subtract from your selection. The contiguous option decides if you want to select only that spot, or if you want to select that color information over the entire image.

魔術(shù)棒工具–魔術(shù)棒工具根據(jù)您單擊鼠標的位置進行選擇。與其他選擇工具一樣，按住shift鍵可以添加到選擇中，按住Option / alt可以從選擇中減去。連續(xù)選項決定是否只選擇該點，還是要在整個圖像上選擇該顏色信息。

5.裁剪工具 (5. The Crop Tool)

The crop tool allows you to crop an image to the proportions that you desire. You can input a set ratio, such as 3 x 5 in the ratio, or you can also determine a fixed size and resolution for your cropped image.

裁剪工具可讓您將圖像裁剪為所需的比例。您可以輸入設(shè)定的比例，例如比例中的3 x 5，也可以為裁切后的圖像確定固定的尺寸和分辨率。

The Slice Tool – The Slice tool allows you to slice up your image or graphic for use on the web. It is basically like the Crop tool, but for use on the web. Once you have your graphics sliced up, you can export them all at once for the web.

切片工具–切片工具使您可以切片圖像或圖形以在Web上使用。它基本上類似于“裁剪”工具，但可以在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上使用。將您的圖形切成薄片后，您可以一次將它們?nèi)繉?dǎo)出到Web。

The Slice Select Tool – This allows you to select a specific slice and edit its boundaries. This allows you to make proper adjustments before you export your slices.

切片選擇工具–使用此工具可以選擇特定的切片并編輯其邊界。這使您可以在導(dǎo)出切片之前進行適當?shù)恼{(diào)整。

6.吸管工具 (6. The Eyedropper Tool)

The eyedropper tool allows you to sample a color from any image, so that you can use it in your work. You can control the color area that it samples, so that it samples a pinpoint pixel, or it can sample a range of pixels. Also, you can sample the current layer or al layers.

吸管工具使您可以從任何圖像中采樣顏色，以便在工作中使用它。您可以控制它采樣的顏色區(qū)域，以便它可以采樣一個精確的像素，也可以采樣一個像素范圍。另外，您可以采樣當前圖層或所有圖層。

The Color Sampler Tool – This allows you to sample up to 4 areas of color within your image, so that you can have information about those colors. Like the Eyedropper Tool, you can determine the range of pixels that it samples.

色彩采樣器工具–這使您可以在圖像中最多對4個顏色區(qū)域進行采樣，以便獲得有關(guān)這些顏色的信息。像吸管工具一樣，您可以確定它采樣的像素范圍。

The Ruler Tool – The Ruler tool will tell you the distance between two points, but it can also help you straighten your photos.

標尺工具–標尺工具可以告訴您兩點之間的距離，但它也可以幫助您拉直照片。

The Note Tool – The Note Tool allows you to add notes to your Photoshop document. This is great for collaboration, and really helps to organize and streamline the workflow. You can export notes to a pdf version of your file, which is handy for those people that are involved in the project, but don’t have Photoshop.

注釋工具–注釋工具使您可以將注釋添加到Photoshop文檔中。這對于協(xié)作非常有用，并且確實有助于組織和簡化工作流程。您可以將注釋導(dǎo)出到文件的pdf版本，這對于那些參與項目但沒有Photoshop的人員來說非常方便。

The Count Tool – The Count Tool lets you place a visual marker on objects in an image as you are counting them, which it keeps track of. You can also have multiple count groups, which means that you can keep track of several types of objects within the same image.

計數(shù)工具–計數(shù)工具可讓您在計數(shù)對象時在圖像中放置可視標記，并對其進行跟蹤。您還可以具有多個計數(shù)組，這意味著您可以跟蹤同一圖像中的幾種對象。

7.斑點修復(fù)刷 (7. The Spot Healing Brush)

The spot healing brush is a great tool for removing artifacts and blemishes from images. It works with just a simple click of the mouse by sampling the surrounding areas and blending the anomaly away. If you set it to content aware, you can remove larger areas of unwanted material.

斑點修復(fù)刷是從圖像中去除偽像和瑕疵的好工具。通過對周圍區(qū)域進行采樣并消除異常，只需單擊鼠標即可工作。如果將其設(shè)置為可識別內(nèi)容，則可以刪除較大區(qū)域的不需要的材料。

The Healing Brush Tool – The healing brush allows you to brush out blemishes and areas that aren’t desired in your images. You click the option/alt key to select certain

修復(fù)刷工具–修復(fù)刷可讓您刷掉圖像中不需要的斑點和區(qū)域。您單擊選項/ Alt鍵以選擇某些

The Patch Tool – The patch tool is a great tool where you can make a selection that is similar to the lasso tool. Once the selection is made, you can click and drag it to the area that you wish to fill it with and when you release it, it patches it with the content that you have specified.

修補工具–修補工具是一個很棒的工具，您可以在其中進行與套索工具類似的選擇。選擇完畢后，您可以單擊并將其拖到想要填充的區(qū)域，放開它時，它將使用您指定的內(nèi)容對其進行修補。

The Red Eye Tool – The Red Eye Tool is a quick and easy tool that allows you to click on portions of an image that have red eye and remove them instantly. If there are any red portions outside of the eye, it may cause adverse effects.

紅眼工具–紅眼工具是一種快速簡便的工具，可讓您單擊圖像中有紅眼的部分并立即將其去除。如果眼睛外部有紅色部分，可能會造成不良影響。

8.畫筆工具 (8. The Brush Tool)

The Brush Tool is one of the most important tools that are in your arsenal. You will probably use the brush tool more than any other tool in Photoshop, especially if you are retouching images. You can change the size of the brush, how hard it is, its shape, texture, opacity, flow, how it acts when you use it, and more.

畫筆工具是您軍械庫中最重要的工具之一。您可能會比Photoshop中的任何其他工具更多地使用畫筆工具，尤其是在修飾圖像時。您可以更改筆刷的大小，筆刷的堅硬程度，筆刷的形狀，紋理，不透明度，流動性，使用時的行為等等。

The Pencil Tool – The pencil tool allows you to draw on the Photoshop canvas as if you were using a real pencil.

鉛筆工具–鉛筆工具可讓您在Photoshop畫布上進行繪制，就好像您使用的是真正的鉛筆一樣。

The Mixer Brush Tool – The Mixer Brush is an amazing tool that allows you to simulate real media, such as paint, and blend colors with realistic effects. It is a natural way to paint inside of Photoshop, and with Photoshop CS5, there are many bristle brushes that are available to simulate the behavior of traditional paint brushes.

混合器畫筆工具–混合器畫筆是一個了不起的工具，可讓您模擬真實的媒體(例如繪畫)，并用逼真的效果混合顏色。這是在Photoshop中進行繪畫的一種自然方法，并且使用Photoshop CS5，可以使用許多剛毛刷來模擬傳統(tǒng)畫筆的行為。

9.克隆圖章工具 (9. The Clone Stamp Tool)

The Clone Stamp Tool is used to clone or copy image information from another area. Hold the option/alt key and click to sample an area of an image. Then, click the image to brush with the color and image information that you sampled.

克隆圖章工具用于從另一個區(qū)域克隆或復(fù)制圖像信息。按住Option / Alt鍵并單擊以對圖像區(qū)域進行采樣。然后，單擊圖像以使用您采樣的顏色和圖像信息進行筆刷。

The Pattern Stamp Tool – The pattern stamp tool gives you the ability to use a brush-type tool to paint a pattern or texture on your document.

圖案圖章工具–圖案圖章工具使您能夠使用筆刷型工具在文檔上繪制圖案或紋理。

10.歷史記錄畫筆工具 (10. The History Brush Tool)

With this tool you can paint with an image state or a snapshot into a different layer. This lets you bring in details from another project state.

使用此工具，您可以將圖像狀態(tài)或快照繪制到其他圖層中。這使您可以從其他項目狀態(tài)引入詳細信息。

The Art History Brush Tool – This does the same as the History brush, but adds a stylized effect with different settings and parameters.

“藝術(shù)歷史??記錄”畫筆工具–與“歷史記錄”畫筆相同，但是使用不同的設(shè)置和參數(shù)添加了程式化的效果。

11.橡皮擦工具 (11. The Eraser Tool)

The Eraser Tool removes pixel information from your document. It allows you to remove content that you do not need. You use brushes, which you can specify just like any other brush-related tool in Photoshop. You can adjust the opacity and the hardness of the brush.

橡皮擦工具從文檔中刪除像素信息。它允許您刪除不需要的內(nèi)容。您可以使用畫筆，可以像在Photoshop中與畫筆相關(guān)的其他工具一樣指定畫筆。您可以調(diào)整畫筆的不透明度和硬度。

The Background Eraser Tool – The Background Eraser Tool is a great tool for removing the background from an image. Simply click and drag the eraser along the boundaries of the image and its background and it will remove the background. This isn’t a perfect method of extraction, though and requires trial and error.

背景橡皮擦工具–背景橡皮擦工具是從圖像中刪除背景的絕佳工具。只需沿圖像及其背景的邊界單擊并拖動橡皮擦，它將刪除背景。但是，這并不是一種完美的提取方法，并且需要反復(fù)試驗。

The Magic Eraser Tool – The magic eraser removes a section of the background of an image, and is based on the area that you click to remove. It does a good job, but sometimes it removes areas that aren’t necessary, requiring a lot of trial and error.

魔術(shù)橡皮擦工具–魔術(shù)橡皮擦會刪除圖像背景的一部分，并基于您單擊要刪除的區(qū)域。它做得很好，但有時會刪除不必要的區(qū)域，這需要大量的反復(fù)試驗。

12.漸變工具 (12. The Gradient Tool)

The gradient tool allows you to create a blend between two or more colors. You can determine the angle of the blend, it’s opacity, how many colors are blended and the order of the steps within the gradient.

漸變工具可讓您在兩種或多種顏色之間創(chuàng)建混合。您可以確定混合的角度，它的不透明度，混合多少種顏色以及漸變中各步驟的順序。

The Paint Bucket Tool – The paint bucket tool will fill an area with color, depending on the tolerance setting. It will fill contiguously, or you may set it to fill any area with that color range.

油漆桶工具–油漆桶工具將根據(jù)公差設(shè)置用顏色填充區(qū)域。它將連續(xù)填充，或者您可以將其設(shè)置為填充該顏色范圍的任何區(qū)域。

13.涂抹工具 (13. The Smudge Tool)

The smudge tool works like a brush, but it smudges pixels and allows you to push them around. It allows you to blend and transition colors easily.

涂抹工具的工作原理類似于畫筆，但是會弄臟像素并允許您將像素推到周圍。它使您可以輕松地混合和過渡顏色。

The Sharpen Tool – The sharpen tool gives you the ability to sharpen areas of an image by painting on them manually. This gives you a lot of control and pinpoint accuracy when sharpening images.

銳化工具–銳化工具使您能夠通過手動在圖像上繪畫來銳化圖像區(qū)域。在銳化圖像時，這為您提供了很多控制和精確度。

The Blur Tool – The blur tool lets you blur parts of an image, which can help with harsh transitions between images. Like the sharpen tool, it behaves like a brush and gives you pinpoint accuracy.

模糊工具–模糊工具可讓您模糊圖像的某些部分，從而有助于圖像之間的苛刻過渡。像銳化工具一樣，它的行為類似于畫筆，可為您提供精確的精度。

14.道奇工具 (14. The Dodge Tool)

The dodge tool lets you paint in highlights in the different tonal ranges of your images.

閃避工具可讓您在圖像的不同色調(diào)范圍內(nèi)畫出高光。

The Burn Tool – The burn tool allows you to paint in shadows and darken different tonal ranges in your images.

刻錄工具–刻錄工具可讓您在陰影中繪制并使圖像中的不同色調(diào)范圍變暗。

The Sponge Tool – The Sponge Tool allows you to add or take away saturation from your images. You can use it like a brush and paint in precise areas.

海綿工具–海綿工具可讓您添加或減少圖像的飽和度。您可以在特定區(qū)域像畫筆和顏料一樣使用它。

15.鋼筆工具 (15. The Pen Tool)

With the Pen Tool, you can draw paths for use in your artwork. Print designers use the pen tool to draw paths around objects to use them for projects. Many print design software such as Quark and InDesign allow you to use clipping paths embedded from Photoshop so that there are no background around your photos.

使用鋼筆工具，您可以繪制在藝術(shù)品中使用的路徑。打印設(shè)計師使用鋼筆工具在對象周圍繪制路徑，以將其用于項目。許多打印設(shè)計軟件(例如Quark和InDesign)都允許您使用Photoshop中嵌入的剪切路徑，以使照片周圍沒有背景。

The Freeform Pen Tool – The freeform pen tool is a drawing tool that lets you draw a path by hand and it adds anchor points along the way. This is a natural way to draw a path by hand and would probably benefit best from a user with a drawing tablet.

自由筆工具–自由筆工具是一種繪圖工具，可讓您手動繪制路徑，并沿途添加錨點。這是自然的手工繪制路徑，可能會給使用繪圖板的用戶帶來最大的好處。

The Add Anchor Point Tool – This tool lets you add anchor points to your paths by using this tool and clicking directly on the path itself.

添加錨點工具–使用此工具，您可以通過使用該工具并直接單擊路徑本身，將錨點添加到路徑中。

The Delete Anchor Point Tool – This tool lets you delete anchor points from your paths that you don’t need. This keeps your paths clean and free from too many points.

刪除錨點工具–此工具可讓您從不需要的路徑中刪除錨點。這樣可以使您的路徑整潔，沒有太多的障礙。

The Convert Point Tool – This tool allows you to select a path and convert it from a straight path to a round one, or from a round path to a straight path.

轉(zhuǎn)換點工具–使用此工具可以選擇路徑并將其從直線路徑轉(zhuǎn)換為圓形路徑，或從圓形路徑轉(zhuǎn)換為直線路徑。

16.文本工具(水平字體工具) (16. The Text Tool (The Horizontal Type Tool))

This is the main tool for creating your type in Photoshop.

這是在Photoshop中創(chuàng)建類型的主要工具。

The Vertical Type Tool – The Vertical Type Tool lets you type vertically instead of the traditional horizontal method.

垂直打字工具–垂直打字工具可讓您垂直打字，而不是傳統(tǒng)的水平方式。

The Horizontal Type Mask Tool and The Vertical Type Mask Tool- These tools let you make a mask from a typeface, which can save you a step or two if you know that you want rasterized type right off the bat. If you want editable type made of a color or texture, you can simply use a clipping path using normal text and it will work the same, while still being editable.

水平字體蒙版工具和垂直字體蒙版工具-使用這些工具可以從字體制作蒙版，如果您知道要立即使用光柵化字體，則可以節(jié)省一到兩個步驟。如果您希望由顏色或紋理制成的可編輯類型，則可以簡單地使用包含普通文本的剪切路徑，它的工作原理相同，同時仍可編輯。

17.路徑選擇工具 (17. The Path Selection Tool)

The Path Selection Tool gives you the ability to select an entire path at one time. This lets you move the entire path instead of just one point.

路徑選擇工具使您能夠一次選擇整個路徑。這樣一來，您可以移動整個路徑，而不僅僅是移動一個點。

The Direct Selection Tool – The Direct Selection Tool lets you select one or more anchor points within a path, so that you can move them or alter their arrangement.

直接選擇工具–直接選擇工具可讓您選擇路徑中的一個或多個錨點，以便您可以移動它們或更改其布置。

18.形狀工具 (18. The Shape Tools)

These include the Rectangle, Rounded Rectangle, Ellipse, Polygon, The Line Tool and The Custom Shape Tools. They allow you to draw custom shapes based from paths or vector shape layers, giving you crisp lines.

這些包括矩形，圓角矩形，橢圓形，多邊形，直線工具和自定義形狀工具。它們使您可以根據(jù)路徑或矢量形狀圖層繪制自定義形狀，從而獲得清晰的線條。

19. 3D工具 (19. 3D Tools)

The 3D tools inside of Photoshop let you manipulate objects in 3D space.

Photoshop中的3D工具使您可以在3D空間中操作對象。

20.相機工具 (20. Camera Tools)

The camera tools allow you to alter the position of the camera view when working with 3D. The allow you to pan, or rotate around the scene.

使用3D時，可以使用相機工具更改相機視圖的位置。允許您平移或旋轉(zhuǎn)場景。

21.手動工具 (21. The Hand Tool)

The hand tool lets you move to any area of an image without accidentally dragging around a layer of an object on a layer. You can quickly switch to the hand tool any time just by holding the space bar.

手動工具使您可以移動到圖像的任何區(qū)域，而不會意外在層上的對象層周圍拖動。您可以隨時按住空格鍵快速切換到手動工具。

The Rotate View Tool – The Rotate view tool is really handy because it allows you to rotate the entire canvas and leave it in any 360° rotated position. To bring it back to normal view, simply click the reset view button in the options bar.

旋轉(zhuǎn)視圖工具–旋轉(zhuǎn)視圖工具非常方便，因為它允許您旋轉(zhuǎn)整個畫布并將其置于任何360°旋轉(zhuǎn)位置。要將其恢復(fù)到普通視圖，只需單擊選項欄中的重置視圖按鈕。

22.縮放工具 (22. The Zoom Tool)

The Zoom Tool is used to zoom in and out of your document. It is mostly used when someone wants to zoom in on a specific section of an image. You can simply click and drag a selection of an image and it will zoom in on that area.

縮放工具用于放大和縮小文檔。它通常在有人要放大圖像的特定部分時使用。您只需單擊并拖動圖像的選擇，它將放大該區(qū)域。

常見任務(wù) (Common Tasks)

掩蔽 (Masking)

To make a mask, you have a few different options available to you. Masks allow you to blend images, retouch images, blend effects, and composite images into one convincing photo.

要制作口罩，您可以使用幾種不同的選項。使用遮罩可以將圖像，潤飾圖像，混合效果和合成圖像融合成一張令人信服的照片。

Quick Mask

快速面膜

A quick mask is really simple to make. Simply hit the Q key to bring up quick mask mode, where you can use the brush tool to paint in the areas that you want to make as your selection. The areas will be shown in a transparent red color. When you are done, you can hit the Q key again, and you will see that your quick mask is an active selection. Simply click the Layer Mask icon in the Layers Panel to turn your selection into a mask for that layer.

快速面膜的制作非常簡單。只需按Q鍵即可調(diào)出快速遮罩模式，您可以在其中使用筆刷工具在要選擇的區(qū)域進行繪畫。這些區(qū)域?qū)⒁酝该鞯募t色顯示。完成后，您可以再次按Q鍵，您會看到快速蒙版是一個活動的選擇。只需單擊“圖層”面板中的“圖層蒙版”圖標，即可將所選內(nèi)容變成該圖層的蒙版。

A True Layer Mask

真正的圖層蒙版

Click the Layer Mask icon in the Layers Panel to create a new layer mask. You will use the brush tool to paint in your mask. Black conceals the image, to show the layer below and white reveals the image to hide what is under it.

單擊“圖層面板”中的“圖層蒙版”圖標以創(chuàng)建新的圖層蒙版。您將使用畫筆工具在蒙版中繪畫。黑色隱藏圖像，以顯示下面的圖層，白色隱藏圖像，以隱藏下面的內(nèi)容。

選擇項 (Selections)

You can create selections in several ways. One way is to use the magic wand tool and click on an area of your image to make a selection. You can add to the selection by holding shift when you click on a new area, and by holding alt/option when you click on an area, you can subtract from the selection.

您可以通過多種方式創(chuàng)建選擇。一種方法是使用魔術(shù)棒工具，然后單擊圖像的某個區(qū)域進行選擇。您可以通過在單擊新區(qū)域時按住shift鍵來添加選擇，而在單擊一個區(qū)域時按住alt / option可以從選擇中減去。

The quick selection tool is a great tool, because it quickly selected areas of your image when you click and drag over them. You can quickly select people and objects. Just as the magic wand tool, you can add to the selection by holding shift when you click on a new area, and by holding alt/option when you click on an area, you can subtract from the selection. You can use the marquee tools to make selections. The rectangular marquee tool creates a rectangular or square selection and the elliptical marquee tool creates an oval or circular selection. You can make selections manually with the Lasso Tool, the Polygonal Lasso Tool, and the Magnetic lasso tool. These tools will allow you to make a custom selection that you specify your. Once you make a selection with any of these tools, if you click Refine Mask in the options bar at the top of Photoshop, you can tweak your selection and one of the output options is New Layer with a Layer Mask. This gives you a highly refined mask that you can tweak for your own purposes.

快速選擇工具是一個很棒的工具，因為當您單擊并在其上拖動時，它會快速選擇圖像的區(qū)域。您可以快速選擇人和物體。就像魔術(shù)棒工具一樣，您可以通過在單擊新區(qū)域時按住shift來添加到選擇中，而在單擊一個區(qū)域時按住alt / option可以從選擇中減去。您可以使用選取框工具進行選擇。矩形選框工具創(chuàng)建一個矩形或正方形選擇，而橢圓選框工具創(chuàng)建一個橢圓或圓形選擇。您可以使用套索工具，多邊形套索工具和磁性套索工具手動進行選擇。這些工具將允許您進行指定的自定義選擇。使用這些工具中的任何一個進行選擇后，如果在Photoshop頂部的選項欄中單擊“優(yōu)化蒙版”，則可以調(diào)整選擇，輸出選項之一是“帶圖層蒙版的新圖層”。這為您提供了高度精致的面膜，您可以根據(jù)自己的目的進行調(diào)整。

結(jié)論 (Conclusion)

Getting started for the first time with Photoshop can seem daunting, but learning the basics and learning your way around the program can make things quick and easy. As with anything, practice makes perfect, so with a little practice you should be used to the interface in no time. Knowing what Photoshop will and won’t do ( There isn’t much that Photoshop can’t do) will help you to edit your images and create digital artwork quickly and efficiently.

首次使用Photoshop入門似乎令人生畏，但是學習基礎(chǔ)知識和了解程序的方式可以使事情變得快速簡便。與任何事物一樣，實踐可以使您變得完美，因此，只要稍加實踐，您就應(yīng)該立即習慣使用該界面。知道Photoshop可以做什么和不可以做什么(Photoshop不能做什么)，將幫助您快速有效地編輯圖像并創(chuàng)建數(shù)字作品。

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如果您喜歡閱讀這篇文章，您會喜歡Learnable的；向大師學習新鮮技能的地方。會員可以立即訪問所有SitePoint的電子書和交互式在線課程，例如Photoshop的基礎(chǔ) 。

翻譯自: https://www.sitepoint.com/getting-started-photoshop-5/